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　　CCTV News:The 15th meeting of the 13th the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) heard a report on the inspection of the implementation of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Renewable Energy Law on 24th. The report pointed out that since the promulgation and implementation of the Renewable Energy Law on January 1, 2006, the scale of renewable energy development and utilization in China has been significantly expanded, and the level of technology and equipment has been continuously improved. However, there are still problems such as insufficient overall coordination, inadequate implementation and weak supervision.

　　It is found that the cumulative installed capacity of hydropower, wind power and photovoltaic power generation in China ranks first in the world. In 2018, the national renewable energy power generation was 1,867 billion kWh, accounting for 26.7% of the total power generation, an increase of 10.6 percentage points over 2005. However, there are still some problems in the implementation of some institutional provisions of the renewable energy law, such as insufficient coordination and inadequate implementation.

　　During the inspection, it is found that the renewable energy planning at all levels is not connected enough, the national development goals and planning are not binding, and the scale, layout and speed of local construction are inconsistent with the scale of superiors. In some places, power grid construction lags behind the development of renewable energy, and transmission channels are insufficient. Influenced by many factors, the abandonment rate of electricity in some local areas is still high, and the problem of renewable energy consumption still needs attention. The implementation of the full-guaranteed acquisition system in individual provinces is not in place. In addition, there are still some problems such as insufficient convergence of fiscal, taxation, land and environmental protection policies, and the research and development and application of renewable energy technologies still need to be strengthened.

　

　　Introduction: At the National People’s Congress this year, education became the focus, and the development of off-campus training became a hot topic.

　　Laiyuan 21st century business herald (ID: jjbd21)

　　The reporter, Zhang Yating Wang Jun, the report group of the National People’s Congress of Southern Finance All Media Group.

　　Editing Bao Fangming, Lin Hong and Li Yutong

　　"Training chaos can be said to be a stubborn disease that is difficult to control." On March 6th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited the members of medical and health education who attended the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference meeting.

　　Behind the "training craze", it is not difficult to see that parents’ anxiety is deeply influenced by the "score-only theory" As a supplement to school education, off-campus training institutions have their own rationality, but should people regard them as tools to "score points" or "meet diverse needs"?

　　Figure/Xinhua News Agency

　　Regulatory overweight is difficult to "reduce fever"

　　Lin Lin (a pseudonym), an 11-year-old from Wuhan, has never stopped her extracurricular training from grade one to grade five. On weekends, she has to attend many courses such as mathematics, English and dance, and her schedule is full. Six-year-old Chengcheng (a pseudonym) in Beijing has not yet entered primary school, and off-campus training in mathematics, English, programming and basketball has been arranged.

　　"Olympiad in the morning, foreign languages in the afternoon, seven or eight cram schools a week, and at the end of the day, there is no interest, so there is no study." On March 7th, Tang Jiangpeng, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and president of Jiangsu Xishan Senior High School, made a speech in the "member channel", which caused a wide discussion.

　　In fact, the governance of off-campus training at the policy level has gradually started in the 1990 s and has gradually increased since 2013. According to a paper by Xue Haiping, a professor at the School of Education of Capital Normal University in 2020, since 2013, there have been nearly 50 administrative regulations and administrative rules governing off-campus training.

　　In particular, in 2018, relevant measures were frequently introduced. In February of that year, the Ministry of Education and other four departments jointly issued the Notice on Effectively Reducing the Extracurricular Burden of Primary and Secondary School Students and Carrying out Special Governance Actions for Off-campus Training Institutions, which severely attacked off-campus training; In May, he supervised the public special governance work plan in various places and sent seven inspectors to carry out supervision; In August, the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Standardizing the Development of Off-campus Training Institutions (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"), which is also the first systematic document at the national level to standardize the development of off-campus training institutions.

　　The regulatory requirements of the above Opinions are more detailed, specifically to "the average annual area in the same training period is not less than 3 square meters", "the fees that span more than 3 months shall not be charged at one time" and "the end time of training shall not be later than 20: 30".

　　The reporter noticed that since 2018, in the press conference of the Ministry of Education, the "super-class teaching" and "advanced teaching" of off-campus training have been repeatedly applied.

　　Can the continuous increase in rectification efforts cool down off-campus training? Since the tightening of supervision in 2018, the off-campus training industry has begun to integrate and clear up. According to the data of the Ministry of Education, as of October 30, 2018, there were 401,050 off-campus training institutions and 272,671 institutions with problems, and 104,711 institutions have been rectified, with a rectification rate of 38.40%.

　　However, it is not easy to make off-campus training really "reduce fever". According to the above survey report, in the primary school stage, subjects and interests account for 86.9% of the family’s out-of-school expenditure, 81.3% in the junior high school stage and 87.3% in the general high school stage. It can be said that a large part of the family’s out-of-school expenditure is invested in out-of-school education.

　　Selling anxious advertisements

　　"Theater effect", Hu Wei, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and full-time vice chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Democratic Progressive Party, explained the difficulty of "reducing fever" in off-campus training when interviewed by 21st century business herald.

　　"The people in front of the theater stand up, and the people behind them will stand on the stools. The people in front make up two doors and the people in the back make up three doors, and gradually increase the code. The efficiency of education has not improved, and the level is still standing still. The anxiety of students has increased, and there is an involution."

　　In the advertisements of off-campus training institutions, there are many "Do you have a child’s future in your shopping cart?" Marketing points such as "If you don’t make up lessons, we will train your children’s competitors" are constantly selling anxiety.

　　Figure/Advertising poster of a training institution

　　Last year, the "Chicken Baby" front caused widespread discussion. Lin Lin’s mother, Ms. Wang, told 21st century business herald that high school is too intense now. If the scores are not enough, she will not be able to go to high school, so the children in junior high school are under great pressure. In order to seize the advantage in junior high school, we should start to exert our strength from primary school.

　　In life, what parents talk about most is the education of their children. Although Linlin is still in the fifth grade of primary school, many parents of junior high school students have taught Ms. Wang their experience: "Take time to train, pull classes quickly, and junior high school mathematics is difficult."

　　Wu Hua, a professor at Zhejiang University, told reporters that off-campus training stems from two needs, one is compensatory and supplementary needs, and students don’t understand or listen enough, so they need to be strengthened after class. The second category is competitive needs. Everyone is trying to gain a competitive advantage for the next step to enter a higher level school, and wants to gain this advantage by participating in off-campus training.

　　"Competition exists objectively, so there is a demand for off-campus training."

　　西南财经大学发展研究院副院长陈涛认为，中国社会结构是一个高度筛选性社会，存在一定的阶层分化。而教育体系从985、211、双一流，到不少省份开始进行普通高中与职业教育分流改革，使得焦虑下移到基础教育甚至是学前教育。

　　“家长们一方面都希望孩子身心健康，有个幸福的童年；另一方面唯恐孩子输在分数竞争的起跑线上。别的孩子都学那么多，咱们不学一下还行啊？于是争先恐后。这个问题还要继续解决。”最高领袖总书记在看望参加全国政协会议的医药卫生界教育界委员时表示。

　　陈涛向21世纪经济报道记者分析称，最高领袖总书记一语道破“家长焦虑”，这背后有两层意思，一是社会问题，家长“跟风”严重；二是资本问题，校外补习机构之所以如此火爆，以及存在诸多乱象，问题根本就在于“资本的逐利性”。就是习总书记说的，“打着教育旗号侵害群众利益的行为。”

　　校外培训过热背后隐含着资本逐利的逻辑。胡卫提到一组数据：2020年，培训业中面向K12的机构数量和学生规模占比分别达到25.8%和18%；在融资额最大的10笔交易中，涉及K12的有8起；而市场估值最高的10家“独角兽”教培企业，涉及K12的就有6家。

　　Chen Tao said that the capital market has grasped the social psychology of China’s family’s desire for success and success, adding fuel to the flames.

　　"Education is for cultivating people, and the entry of capital venture capital will inevitably lead to a sharp expansion in the number and scale of off-campus training institutions." Hu Wei said.

　　"score" or "meet diverse needs"

　　Liu Xiya, a deputy to the National People’s Congress, said that the chaos in extracurricular classes has formed an interest chain composed of tutoring institutions, online teaching auxiliary platforms and other related groups. Li Jianping, a member of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, mentioned that many online training institutions spend huge sums of money on marketing advertisements, and the quality of education and teaching cannot be guaranteed.

　　In fact, at the beginning of this year, at the National Education Work Conference, Minister of Education Chen Baosheng emphasized that great efforts should be made to rectify off-campus training institutions. This is an urgent problem facing us at present. This problem cannot be solved, and it is difficult to form a good ecology of education.

　　Despite the chaos, the heat of off-campus training has not diminished. Especially affected by the epidemic, the number of applicants for online training in disciplines is considerable.

　　"I don’t want to lose at the starting line." Ma Xuelei, vice president of Beijing Private Education Association, told 21st century business herald that the current system of entering higher schools is based on scores, and the main purpose of participating in off-campus training is to improve scores and seize the next stage of quality education resources. The development of basic education in the past 20 years is an unbalanced and unfair way. Although systematic reforms have been carried out in recent years, the past development habits still carry the idea of "score-only theory" in society.

　　Specifically, he believes that the problems existing in off-campus training institutions are mainly in three aspects: first, creating educational anxiety for threatening marketing, which promotes the psychology of comparison, such as "you come, I will train your children;" If you don’t come, I will train your child’s competitors "; Second, teaching in advance, overtime and exceeding the standard interferes with the normal education and teaching ecology; The third is related issues of online education, such as teaching qualification, the problem of fee refund, false propaganda and commitment.

　　However, with the promulgation of the "Overall Plan for Deepening the Reform of Education Evaluation in the New Era" in October 2020, the main functions of off-campus training may change accordingly. The program reforms the evaluation of schools, students and teachers, and does not take scores, grades and enrollment rate as the only evaluation criteria. It requires promoting the all-round development of students’ morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor.

　　As the supreme leader mentioned, "education, whether school education or family education, can not pay too much attention to scores."

　　"At present, the curriculum teaching in schools is still in a limited range, and the growth and development of children’s personality is rich in diversity. Off-campus training can meet the diverse needs of students from multiple angles and ways." Chu Zhaohui, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Educational Sciences, told the reporter that if the education evaluation is changed according to the above plan, the off-campus training institutions that focus on the function of scoring will be a supplement to school education.

　　Online education companies Squirrel AI and homework help both told reporters that meeting some individual needs, such as making up the difference and improving the quality, is the main function of off-campus training.

　　"Training institutions give children the opportunity to choose teachers who suit their learning ability and teaching methods. Education should be thousands of people. " Li Haoyang, founder of squirrel AI, said.

　　Figure/worm

　　CPPCC members suggested: Cooperate with full-time education.

　　How to guide the standardized development of training institutions has become a common problem faced by all walks of life.

　　In the proposal brought by Hu Wei, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and full-time vice chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Democratic Progressive Party, it is suggested that the government should purchase services and digest the "just need" of training in schools.

　　Specifically, Hu Wei suggested that the education department can guide the training institutions to provide high-quality and standardized educational resources for full-time schools through the government’s purchase of services, and provide professional services in the form of not directly facing students in terms of teaching innovation, curriculum research and development, management optimization and after-school services, especially in weak schools, so as to digest the "just need" of "cultivating the best and making up the bad" in the school.

　　"In the past, schools have cooperated with off-campus training institutions, such as schools purchasing off-campus training services, but some people will question that institutions carry out activities on campus, occupying school resources or charging fees at random." Chu Zhaohui said that in fact, such a view is a kind of mechanical thinking. If we want to do a good job in educating people, we should combine multiple forces such as schools, families and society.

　　For example, in terms of the lack of special art curriculum resources or special training for special students, schools can introduce relevant services from training institutions in consideration of demand. "If this kind of cooperation is in the interests of all parties and there are corresponding agreements, it is actually a very benign cooperation between the two sides." Chu Zhaohui said.

　　At the same time, Hu Wei suggested that training institutions should be encouraged and supported to use new technologies and formats such as OMO, short video and AI+ to upgrade educational service products, reduce the educational consumption cost and enrich the supply of quality educational resources.

　　On the other hand, introducing more social resources will also become a trend to help students develop in an all-round way in the future.

　　Zhu Yongxin, member of the Standing Committee of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, Deputy Secretary-General and Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of the Democratic Progressive Party, also mentioned in the Proposal on Strengthening the Construction of Project-based Learning Curriculum in Primary and Secondary Schools brought by the National People’s Congress this year that teachers are trained in traditional subject teaching at present, and inviting all kinds of experts to enter primary and secondary schools is also an important way for project-based learning teacher training and curriculum development.

　　"Starting from the current talent training mode of basic education, we really need the support of all sectors of society, such as social practice, project-based learning and interactive learning." Ma Xuelei said that for enterprises, it will be an important way to expand their business boundaries while ensuring the quality of the subject counseling business.

　　Figure/Xinhua News Agency

　　On "Educational Equity"

　　Regarding the issue of "educational equity" that the society is concerned about, the Supreme Leader said: "The problem of insufficient educational imbalance is closely related to the insufficient imbalance of regional development. We should promote the economic and social development of the central and western regions by improving the education level, and solve other imbalances by solving the educational imbalance. "

　　It is understood that there are 197 million primary and secondary school students in 12 grades in China, and more than 70% of them are distributed in third-tier cities and other areas. There is an imbalance in the distribution of quality education resources.

　　Online education provides technical solutions for digital education such as "AI+ big data+live broadcast", which can promote the popularization of high-quality educational resources and become one of the ways to further promote educational inclusion in the future.

　　"70% of our users come from third-and fourth-tier cities and other regions, which is exactly the same as the geographical distribution of primary and secondary school students." Homework help said that during the epidemic period, there was a greater demand for online education, and enterprises carried out online teaching in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Leshan City and other places, and provided technical support and platform construction support.

　　For the digitalization and artificial intelligence transformation of full-time schools, Li Haoyang believes that more assistance should be achieved by off-campus training institutions.

　　"The country needs to build education informatization 2.0, but the work of education informatization cannot be completed by the school itself. The research and development funds are very high, and the experts needed for scientific research are particularly scarce. It is relatively easy for enterprises to achieve these tasks, and then the school purchases them." Li Haoyang said that squirrel AI has entered tens of thousands of public schools and provided intelligent homework for 10 million students.

　　At the same time, he hopes that there should be deeper cooperation in teaching and research inside and outside the school in the future, so that the product system of the off-campus training industry can help the government achieve educational equity together.

　　For example, the teaching methods and paths of excellent teachers can be made into short videos of knowledge points and transmitted to schools with relatively weak teachers or schools with more new teachers; Or in artificial intelligence education, build a super AI teacher to help students from poor families or remote areas study for free. "This may be better than sending a good teacher to teach, because it can provide better teaching quality for local sustainability." Li Haoyang said.

　　Ma Xuelei suggested that enterprises should make use of the advantages of educational science and technology to feed back school education at the township level or in areas with weak education in the central and western regions, provide multiple support of hardware and software, or provide relevant teacher resource training to narrow the gap between urban and rural education.

　　Editor Li Yutong of this issue

This article first appeared on WeChat WeChat official account: 21st century business herald. The content of the article belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hexun.com’s position. Investors should operate accordingly, at their own risk.

　　How should the economic situation be viewed?

　　Juli

　　Scientific understanding of the economic situation is the basic prerequisite for doing a good job in economic work. The current economic situation is complicated. What should we think? Widely concerned at home and abroad. In order to penetrate the layers of fog, grasp the development law, see the development trend clearly and draw a correct conclusion, we must have scientific theoretical guidance. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that learning and understanding the basic principles and methodology of Marxist political economy will help us master scientific economic analysis methods. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has persisted in applying the basic theory and methodology of Marxist political economy, scientifically analyzed the economic situation from the combination of history and reality, theory and practice, and domestic and international, grasped the general trend of development, and made a systematic exposition on the important issue of "how to look at the economic situation" in the new era, which provided a scientific basis for "how to do economic work" in the new era, further deepened our party’s understanding of the laws of China’s economic development, and was an important part of the Supreme Leader’s economic thought. We should thoroughly study and understand the spirit of these important expositions, especially the positions, viewpoints and methods that run through them, further unify our thinking, strengthen our confidence, work hard, consolidate and enhance the economic recovery, and strive to turn the grand blueprint of Chinese modernization into a beautiful reality step by step.

　　First, judge the orientation and changes of China’s economy from the historical, realistic and future trends, and deeply understand the new features and requirements brought about by the development and changes of the main contradictions in our society.

　　A correct understanding of the historical position and development stage of the cause of the party and the people is the fundamental basis for our party to clarify the central task of the stage and formulate the line, principles and policies. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has profoundly analyzed the new historical conditions for China’s development, made a major judgment that the main contradictions in our society have changed, emphasized that Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and China’s economic development has also entered a new era. Its basic feature is that it has changed from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage, which has clearly defined the historical position and stage characteristics of China’s economic development, and provided a fundamental basis for us to correctly analyze the economic situation and formulate economic policies.

　　In the new stage, the main feature of the change of economic situation is that the economy has changed from high-speed growth to medium-high-speed growth. Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has maintained a double-digit or nearly double-digit high-speed growth for a long time, creating a miracle of sustained and rapid growth, from 1979— In 2012, the average annual economic growth rate of China reached 9.9%. After entering a new stage, the growth rate dropped significantly, from 2013— In 2022, the average annual growth rate of China’s economy is 6.2%, and the average annual growth rate of anti-epidemic three years is 4.5%. What caused the obvious change of economic growth rate? There are various reasons, and it is certain that this change is trend rather than periodicity. This trend change reflects the changes of the main social contradictions, the development stages, development environment and development conditions, and the great logic of China’s economic development. On the one hand, after more than 30 years of high-speed growth, China’s economy is facing a series of new problems, such as rising labor costs, reaching a bottleneck in the carrying capacity of resources and environment, prominent problems of poor economic cycle, and slowing down the growth of international market demand, which requires us to change the extensive development mode and maintain a reasonable economic growth rate in order to achieve sustainable economic development. If the stimulus policy is only implemented for short-term economic growth, it will inevitably overdraw future growth. On the other hand, economic development is a spiral process, and when the quantity accumulates to a certain stage, it must turn to qualitative improvement. With the changes of major social contradictions in our country, the contradictions and problems in development are mainly reflected in the quality of development.This requires us to pay more attention to the quality and efficiency of development, speed up the transformation of development mode, adjust the economic structure, strive to improve the quality and efficiency of development, better meet the people’s growing needs for a better life, and promote China’s transformation from an economic power to an economic power.

　The scenery project of 1 million kilowatts of scenery hydrogen storage in Fengning, Chengde, Hebei Province is a large-scale clean energy base planned by the state in the 14 th Five-Year Plan — — The landmark project of clean energy base in northern Hebei. After the completion of the project, it is estimated that 1.8 billion kWh of green electricity can be produced each year, and carbon dioxide emissions will be reduced by about 1.4 million tons. The picture shows that on January 12, 2024, the workers of this project are installing fan hub accessories. Xinhua News Agency issued Wang Liqun/photo

　　It can be seen that the change of economic growth rate is an inevitable reflection of the stage characteristics of China’s economic development, and it should be understood objectively and rationally, and based on this, policies should be formulated correctly. As General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out, "If the speed of economic development is not higher, the situation will be ‘ Very good ’ It’s not that if the economic development slows down a little, the situation will be ‘ Very bad ’ " ; "We should adhere to the correct view of political achievements, not simply talk about heroes by the growth rate of GDP, and not be influenced by the fluctuation of short-term economic indicators"; "Based on improving quality and efficiency, we will promote sustained and healthy economic development, pursue a real and moisture-free GDP, and pursue effective, quality and sustainable economic development". Lenin once pointed out that when analyzing the situation, Marxists should not proceed from the possibility, but from reality. In analyzing the economic situation, we should also proceed from reality, not from subjective wishes.

　　The key to correctly understand the stage characteristics of economic development and the changes of its situation is to grasp the main contradictions. At different stages of economic development, the main contradictions of economic development are also different. The principal contradiction in our society has been transformed into the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced development. In line with this, the principal contradiction in China’s economic development at this stage has been transformed into a structural problem, and there are aggregate, cyclical and institutional factors, which are intertwined and quite complicated. To correctly analyze the economic situation, we must firmly grasp the basic characteristics of the changes in major social contradictions and the fact that China’s economic development has entered a stage of high-quality development, focus on solving the problems of insufficient development imbalance, quality and efficiency of development, and make a correct judgment. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "high-quality development is the development that can well meet the people’s growing needs for a better life, is the development that embodies the new development concept, is the development that innovation becomes the first driving force, coordination becomes the endogenous feature, green becomes the universal form, opening up becomes the only way, and sharing becomes the fundamental purpose", "that is, from ‘ Is there ’ Turn ‘ Ok ’ " . That is to say, in the new stage, judging whether the economy is good or not depends not only on the total volume and speed, but also on whether the development momentum is strong and the economic structure is reasonable.See whether the driving force for innovation is stronger, whether the development is more coordinated, whether the green background is thicker, whether the level of openness is higher, and whether the people are happier and healthier. In the final analysis, we must adhere to high-quality development as the last word in the new era, implement the new development concept completely, accurately and comprehensively, and promote the effective improvement of quality and reasonable growth of quantity in the economy. It should be noted that behind the change of economic growth rate, after the great changes since the new era, the quality of China’s economic development has been greatly improved, and it has embarked on a road of higher quality, more efficient, fairer, more sustainable and safer development. The long-term trend of high-quality development is irreversible, which is a basic point that must be firmly grasped in correctly analyzing the current economic situation.

　　2. Insist on analyzing the economic situation from a comprehensive, dialectical and long-term perspective. The fundamentals of China’s long-term economic improvement have not changed and will not change.

　　It is advisable to be open-minded when the scenery is long. To scientifically analyze and judge the economic situation, in the final analysis, we should stick to the basic stand, viewpoint and method of Marxism, look at the essence through the phenomenon, look at the long term through the short term, grasp the economic law, and see clearly the inevitable trend of economic development determined by the objective economic law; It is to insist on accurately grasping the general trend of development with a comprehensive, dialectical and long-term vision, not confined to temporary fluctuations, nor to temporary gains and losses, and always maintain a firm strategic strength.

　　So, what conclusions can we draw from a comprehensive, dialectical and long-term view of China’s economy? This is what General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly emphasized. The basic characteristics of China’s economic potential, strong resilience, large room for maneuver and many policy tools have not changed, and the long-term positive fundamentals have not changed and will not change. Facts are the best proof. Entering a new era, based on the miracle of rapid economic development created since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, China’s GDP has jumped from 54 trillion yuan in 2012 to 120.5 trillion yuan in 2022, more than doubling; The per capita GDP rose from $6,300 to $12,700, ranking firmly among the middle-income countries. In terms of growth rate, whether it is 2013— The average annual growth rate of more than 6% in 2022, or the average annual growth rate of 4.5% in the three years of anti-epidemic, is much higher than the world average in the same period, ranking among the major economies in the world. The year 2023 is a year of economic recovery and development after the transition of epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19 for three years. In the case of the continuous downturn of the world economy, China’s economy has generally rebounded, with the annual GDP exceeding 126 trillion yuan and the economic growth of 5.2%, which contributed one third of the global growth and remained the biggest engine of world economic growth. In short, the horizontal ratio, China’s economic growth rate in the world’s major economies to maintain a leading; Vertically, at present, the main indicators of China’s economic and social development have improved significantly, and the economy has continued to grow steadily and reached a new level. China’s economy has strengthened its physique and bones in the storm.This is an important manifestation of China’s economy entering a high-quality development stage.

　　Furthermore, the "good" economy of China is not only manifested in quantity, but also in quality. For example, in the economic structure, the proportion of added value of high-tech manufacturing industry in the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size has been increasing, from 9.4% in 2012 to 15.5% in 2022. In terms of innovation capability, the report "Global Innovation Index 2023" shows that China ranks 12th, is the only middle-income economy among the top 30, and has entered the ranks of innovative countries. In terms of coordinated development, the proportion of GDP in the central and western regions in the whole country increased from 21.3% and 19.6% in 2012 to 22.1% and 21.4% in 2022, and the income gap between urban and rural residents continued to narrow. In terms of green development, China has supported more than 6% economic growth with an average annual energy consumption growth rate of 3% in the past 10 years, which is one of the countries with the fastest reduction in energy consumption intensity in the world. In terms of opening up and development, China has become the main trading partner of more than 140 countries and regions, with the total import and export volume ranking first in the world for many years in a row, attracting foreign investment and foreign investment ranking first in the world. In terms of shared development, 2012— In 2023, the per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents will increase from 16,500 yuan to 39,200 yuan, which is basically in step with economic growth. It can be said that the characteristics of China’s high-quality development stage are becoming more and more obvious, the driving force of high-quality development is becoming stronger and the pace of high-quality development is becoming more and more stable. In the face of the historic achievements of China’s economic development, the so-called "China’s theory of economic peaking and China’s theory of economic collapse have no factual basis and can only be broken.

　China insists on giving priority to restoring and expanding consumption, and has successively issued a series of policies to promote consumption. The consumer market has recovered and the basic role of consumption has become more significant. The picture shows that on February 11, 2024, tourists enjoyed the night view in Gongshui River, Xuanen County, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province. Xinhua News Agency issued Song Wen/photo

　　Why is the basic trend of China’s long-term economic improvement unchanged? This is because China’s economic development has many favorable conditions and strong advantages, and has a solid foundation to support the long-term improvement of the economy. These strong advantages and solid foundations fundamentally reflect the objective laws of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s economic development. In this regard, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made a systematic exposition from many aspects. In an interview in June 2019, the General Secretary profoundly pointed out that China’s stable, healthy and sustainable economic development has sufficient supporting conditions from four aspects: resource potential, endogenous power, development vitality and regulatory capacity. During the two sessions of the National People’s Congress in 2022, the General Secretary emphasized that China’s development still has many strategic advantages: strong leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), obvious advantages of Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, solid foundation for sustained and rapid development, long-term stable social environment and spiritual strength of self-confidence. In a written speech at the APEC CEO Summit in November, 2023, General Secretary pointed out that China has the institutional advantages of a socialist market economy, the demand advantages of a super-large-scale market, the supply advantages of a complete industrial system, and the talent advantages of a large number of high-quality workers and entrepreneurs, and its economic development has strong endogenous motivation, resilience and potential. It is China’s unique comprehensive advantages, such as political advantages, institutional advantages, popular support advantages, basic advantages, development advantages, demand advantages, supply advantages, talent advantages and opportunity advantages, that complement each other, superimpose and amplify, and promote China’s economic development and create great achievements that attract worldwide attention.We often say that the road is tortuous and the future is bright. The road is tortuous because there are all kinds of complicated and changeable situations; The future is bright because there is an unchanging general trend and logic behind the complicated and changeable situation. Standing at a new starting point, these favorable conditions and advantages will surely promote China’s economy to innovate miracles on the road of high-quality development with strong development potential and potential energy, which is the confidence and confidence of China’s long-term economic improvement.

　　Three, based on the domestic, look at the world, and deeply understand the impact of the complicated international situation on China.

　　Today’s China is a China closely connected with the world. Under the background of deepening economic globalization, expanding China’s opening to the outside world and intensifying international competition, to correctly understand China’s economic situation, we must establish an international perspective, make overall plans for both domestic and international situations, put economic development under the global political and economic background, deeply analyze changes in external environment, and grasp the general trend of development in the interaction between China and the world.

　In 2023, the total export of "three new products" represented by electric manned vehicles, lithium-ion batteries and solar cells in China exceeded the trillion-dollar mark for the first time, showing the new advantages made in China. The picture shows that on January 14th, 2024, the BYD Ro/Ro Ship "BYD EXPLORER NO.1" arrived at Xiaomo International Logistics Port in Shenzhen Port. Xinhua news agency

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out, "At present, the great changes in the world that have never happened in a hundred years are accelerating, and the world has entered a new period of turbulent change." "The external environment for China’s development has changed dramatically, and uncertainties and unpredictable factors have increased significantly." The profound changes in the external environment have a profound impact on China’s economic development: First, the development gap is widening, multiple crises of food, energy and debt are simultaneously emerging, the recovery of the world economy is difficult, and the momentum of economic growth is insufficient. Second, economic globalization has encountered counter-current, cold war mentality, hegemonism, unilateralism and protectionism have risen, and the stability of the world industrial chain supply chain has been affected. Third, geopolitical turmoil, frequent local conflicts, regional security hot issues one after another, global problems intensified, and the international economic, scientific, technological, cultural, security, political and other patterns are undergoing profound adjustments. This means that China will face more external environment against the wind and water, and seek development in a more unstable and uncertain world, which is an important factor that we must consider when judging the economic situation. For example, weak global economic growth and shrinking external demand have impacted China’s export trade; For example, individual countries generalize national security, politicize and weaponize economic, trade, scientific and technological exchanges, build "small courtyards and high walls", and encourage "decoupling and breaking chains", which affects China’s participation in the global division of labor and expansion of the global market; For example, the global industrial chain supply chain has a trend of localization and regionalization.It may weaken China’s position in the global industrial chain supply chain. In the face of these new challenges, we must strengthen our sense of hardship, adhere to the bottom line thinking and extreme thinking, and ensure that we can withstand the major tests of high winds, high waves and even stormy waves.

　　A correct understanding of the current economic situation requires a spirit of self-confidence and self-reliance. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that China’s economy is a sea, not a small pond; Storms can overturn small ponds, but not the sea. The increasingly severe and complicated external environment and obviously increased risk challenges have not changed the strong resilience and development momentum of China’s economy, nor reduced its position and contribution in the world economy; On the contrary, in the rapidly changing world and the deep interaction between domestic and international situations, China’s economic competitiveness is further enhanced and its advantages are further highlighted. The proportion of China’s total economic output in the world economy rose from 11.3% in 2012 to over 18% in 2022, and its annual contribution rate to world economic growth exceeded 30%. China’s important position in the global industrial chain supply chain has been continuously enhanced, from 2012— In 2023, the added value of manufacturing industry increased from 22.5% to nearly 30% in the world, and the scale of manufacturing industry and the output of many industrial products ranked first in the world. China is the main source of investment for more and more countries, and has gradually grown into an important participant from a passive receiver and an active follower of international economic and trade rules; As the world’s largest exporter, it has provided a large number of inexpensive goods for all countries in the world. As General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out, "it depends on what China has achieved, but also on what China has contributed to the world". Facts have proved and will continue to prove that no matter in the past, present or future,China has always been an important promoter of global openness, a stable source of power for world economic growth, a vibrant market for countries to expand business opportunities and an active contributor to global governance reform.

　　Four, adhere to the "two-point theory", not only see the difficulties and challenges, but also see the advantages and opportunities, and strive to cultivate new opportunities in the crisis and open up new opportunities in the changing situation.

　　To scientifically analyze the economic situation, we must have a dialectical view and look at the problem in two ways, not only to see the unfavorable side, but also to see the difficulties and challenges; We should also see the advantages, advantages and opportunities in the domestic and international situation.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the economic situation at home and abroad has been extremely complicated. Many situations have not been encountered since the reform and opening up, and many difficulties and challenges have not been encountered before. Focusing on the changed development environment and conditions, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core faced the difficulties and challenges faced by China’s economic development and made a series of important judgments: it pointed out that the contradiction between overcapacity and upgrading of demand structure in China was prominent, the endogenous motivation of economic growth was insufficient, and the problems of imbalance, uncoordinated and unsustainable remained outstanding; It is pointed out that China’s structural, institutional and cyclical problems are intertwined, the influence of "three-phase superposition" continues to deepen, and the sources and risk points of global turmoil have increased significantly; It is pointed out that China’s economic development is facing triple pressures of demand contraction, supply shock and expected weakening, and the external environment is becoming more complicated, severe and uncertain. The Central Economic Work Conference held at the end of 2023 emphasized that it is necessary to overcome some difficulties and challenges to further promote the economic recovery, mainly due to insufficient effective demand, overcapacity in some industries, weak social expectations, and still many potential risks. The domestic big cycle is blocked, and the complexity, severity and uncertainty of the external environment are rising. What should we think about these emerging problems and difficulties? The general secretary of the supreme leader’s answer is firm and powerful. "We can neither hide the difficulties and challenges, resistance and variables, nor turn a blind eye, nor panic and lose our footing." "The more difficult it is, the more we must strengthen our confidence.The more calm and brave you are, "the key to preventing and resolving all kinds of hidden dangers and actively responding to the impact challenges brought about by changes in the external environment is to do your own thing well." These important expositions of the General Secretary clearly express the heroic spirit of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people who dare to struggle and win, and the more difficult and dangerous they are, the more forward they will be.

　　Adhering to the bottom line thinking is not passive inaction, but on the basis of respecting objective laws, giving full play to subjective initiative, making the worst plans and striving for the best results. This requires us to overcome difficulties, make use of the situation, accurately grasp the opportunities and challenges faced by China’s development, and win the strategic initiative. "Misfortune depends on happiness, and happiness depends on misfortune." Opportunities and challenges coexist, and overcoming the crisis is the opportunity, which is an eternal dialectical principle. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out that crises coexist, crises are organic, crises can turn around, opportunities are more strategic and plastic, challenges are more complex and overall, challenges are unprecedented, and opportunities are unprecedented if we deal with them well. It should be noted that despite the profound and complex changes at home and abroad, China’s development still faces new strategic opportunities, such as those brought about by the new round of scientific and technological revolution and the in-depth development of industrial transformation, those brought about by accelerating the optimization and upgrading of economic structure, those brought about by enhancing the ability of scientific and technological innovation, those brought about by deepening reform and opening up, those brought about by accelerating green development, those brought about by promoting the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, those brought about by the optimization and upgrading of residents’ consumption, and those brought about by participating in the reform of the global economic governance system. We should not only enhance our awareness of risks, but also enhance our awareness of opportunities, adhere to problem orientation, maintain strategic strength, accurately recognize changes, respond scientifically, take the initiative to seek changes, turn pressure into motivation, and turn challenges into opportunities.Firmly grasp the initiative of development strategy, strive to cultivate new machines in the crisis and open up new opportunities in the changing situation.

　　5. Enhance confidence and confidence, do a solid job in economic work, and push China’s economic ship forward through the waves.

　　Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out that "everything in the world is done, and there is no Marxism at all". The scientific answer to the question "What do you think of the economic situation?" aims at solving the problem of "How to do economic work?" On the basis of scientific analysis and judgment of the economic situation, we can make scientific economic decisions and implement effective policy measures to promote sustained and healthy economic development. In the new journey, to fully stimulate the accumulated potential of China’s economic development, turn the advantages of agglomeration into the victory of development, and then continue the new glory of China’s economy, it is basically necessary to carry forward the historical initiative, work hard and move forward bravely. We should closely focus on the biggest politics of promoting Chinese modernization, focus on the central task of economic construction and the primary task of high-quality development, strengthen our confidence, forge ahead, and do a good job in economic work with a spirit of hard work and a sense of responsibility of "always worrying".

　　With the guidance of Marxist scientific theory, it is fundamental for us to grasp the historical initiative. The supreme leader’s economic thought insists on combining the basic principles of Marxism with the concrete reality of China and the excellent traditional Chinese culture, scientifically answering the major theoretical and practical questions about how to look at the economic situation and how to do economic work, which embodies our party’s profound insight into the law of economic development, especially the law of socialist economic construction, and is a powerful ideological weapon to guide China’s high-quality economic development, scientifically respond to major risks and challenges, and comprehensively build a socialist modern country. Since the new era, China’s economic development has achieved historic achievements and undergone historic changes. The most fundamental reason lies in the leadership of the Supreme Leader General Secretary and the scientific guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, especially the Supreme Leader’s economic thought, which fully proves that "two establishment" is the greatest certainty, the greatest confidence and the greatest guarantee for us to overcome all difficulties and obstacles and deal with all uncertainties. We should profoundly understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments", deeply grasp the regularity of doing a good job in economic work in the new era, persistently arm our minds, guide practice and promote work with the Party’s scientific theory, and constantly open up a new situation in economic work in the new era.

　　The party’s centralized and unified leadership over economic work is the fundamental guarantee for the sustained and healthy development of the socialist economy. Whether we can control the world’s second largest economy and maintain sustained and healthy economic and social development fundamentally depends on whether the party plays a leading role in economic and social development. We must uphold and strengthen the overall leadership of the Party, constantly improve the system and mechanism of the Party’s leadership in economic work, and improve the Party’s ability and level of leadership in economic work. It is necessary to profoundly understand the scientific judgment of the CPC Central Committee on the economic situation, thoroughly implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee on economic work, faithfully implement them, resolutely implement them, seek truth and be pragmatic, dare to do good deeds, ensure that all major decision-making arrangements are implemented and effective, and strive to achieve various goals and tasks of economic and social development.

　　He who observes the situation is wise, and he who controls the situation wins. Facing the grim and complicated situation, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country will work with one heart and one mind, which will surely push China’s economic ship forward and create a new miracle of comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and national rejuvenation with Chinese modernization.

The truck caught fire and the driver drove running all the way.

CCTV News:The story in the above picture happened at 5 pm on July 14th, 2020. The fire was burning behind him, and Sun Gang in the cab endured the heat wave in the carriage, while driving the "train" quickly and carefully, passing through the downtown area and the gas station.

The truck caught fire accidentally.

On the same day, in Liangshan Town, xinmin city, Shenyang, Liaoning, Sun Gang, the owner of the big trailer, was making a final inspection of the car condition to prepare for the next day’s departure. Because the watermelon will be pulled at 4 o’clock the next morning, the straw curtain has been laid in advance on the trailer. At this time, Sun Gang and his driver found that there was a little problem with the big trailer that needed to be dealt with, and the kind mechanic offered to weld it himself. howeverNo one expected that in the process of welding, an accident happened — — Mars splashstraw screen/matIt caused the truck to catch fire.

When the trailer caught fire, Sun Gang immediately thought of putting out the fire. However, the straw curtainExtremely dry and hot weather,The fire spread rapidly. Although drivers, welding bosses and many passers-by nearby are helping to put out the fire, it is of no help.

At this time, if Sun Gang only thinks about himself, he can still recover a little loss — — Because the front of the trailer and the carriage are separated, if he takes the front off and drives away, then the front can be saved. But he didn’t do that, becauseWhere the big trailer caught fire, in addition to dense vehicles, there were houses and shops around it, and there was a grain depot and a gas station opposite it.

The fire is getting bigger and bigger, approaching the fuel tank.The fuel tank is full of newly added oil, with 800 liters of main fuel tank and 130 liters of auxiliary fuel tank. If it explodes, the consequences will be unimaginable.

in thisAt this critical juncture, Sun Gang made a choice that surprised everyone. He immediately got on the bus and drove the car away urgently. He knows that every minute he hesitates, the people around him will be more dangerous.

The fire was burning behind him, and Sun Gang in the cab endured the heat wave in the carriage, while driving the "train" quickly and carefully along the S314 provincial highway all the way to Xiaojiawobao, passing downtown and gas stations.

The car is mine. I can’t let anyone take risks for me.

After leaving downtown for a few minutes, the fuel tank exploded.

Drive the car out of downtown., Sun GangStop and get off. About four or five minutes later, the fuel tank exploded.Fortunately, Sun Gang was not injured. The great power of the explosion at the moment also strengthened Sun Gang’s determination to drive away the big trailer in a blaze.

Cheer up and start again for your wife and children.

The big trailer in Sun Gang was purchased in May 2018. At that time, in order to buy this car, Sun Gang sold his only house, and with the help of relatives and friends, he made up the down payment loan to buy this big trailer.

Sun Gang’s family also has a wife and twin sons. These two years, this small family is not easy. I have to pay back a loan of more than 10,000 yuan every month, plus the expenses of two children, vehicle maintenance, the driver’s salary, etc. Sun Gang said that he is like a gyro every day, and he never dares to be idle for a moment. And this big trailer is all the hopes of Sun Gang’s family for a better life. After two years of hard work,Sun Gang finally paid off the loan, and now,The trailer was scrapped in the fire.

Despite heavy losses, Sun Gang still believes that this difficulty can’t beat him.Now Sun Gang and his wife are staying with their twin sons in their parents-in-law’s house. There are six people living in a house of more than 50 square meters, which is very crowded. Although there are many difficulties at present, his wife expressed her understanding and support for Sun Gang’s decision.

The wife said, as long asAs long as he’s okay, he means everything.Sun Gang was very moved by his wife’s words, which became the driving force for his future life.

He has the courage and responsibility, and everyone around him says he is great.

When we make this choice at a critical moment, what we see is Sun Gang’s responsibility and courage, as well as his calmness and composure in the first reaction at a critical moment. Sun Gang’s behavior also won praises from people around him.

People around you praised Sun Gang’s behavior.

　　Even if you smell other people’s feet and eat instant noodles in a youth hostel, when you make friends, it must be the blue sky and beautiful back, plus a few words about life, because this is the meaning of tourism presented to others.

　　I don’t know when it started, a bunch of online strategies appeared, teaching you how to travel around the world, all kinds of ways to evade tickets and eat and drink, and then a bunch of young women who are desperate to publish books, claiming that they have been walking on the road. In Tibetan areas, Southeast Asia and India, only in this way can they get rid of the noise of the world and purify their souls.

　　So, in the eyes of most people, the so-called poor travel has such an outline: a person carrying a bag, meeting some like-minded friends on the road, hitchhiking all the way, staying in a homestay, learning about local conditions and customs while working, and perhaps meeting a romantic marriage during this thrilling and exciting journey …

　　Tell you the truth about poor travel! ! !

　　But in fact, poor travel is far from being as simple as imagined. The beautiful photos of those girls with long legs and thin waist with obvious ps traces are just a freeze in someone else’s circle of friends. Don’t take them seriously. From being stolen and robbed, eating instant noodles and drinking cold water in a smelly youth tour, to being lost and cheated, in exchange for a cheap poor tour with the dignity and price of life!

　　What? You don’t believe me? Do you firmly believe that "poor travel" will be more "profound" than "rich travel", which is something at two levels in itself and cannot be confused? Poor travelers will stay in youth hostels and feel the sweat stains and smelly feet of their roommates, but they will meet some people and things and see some different scenery?

　　Of course, some people would rather smell other people’s feet and eat instant noodles in a youth hostel, but when making friends, it must be the blue sky and beautiful back, plus a few words to understand life, because this is the meaning of tourism presented to others. A few words of praise and praise from others are the sense of existence and significance they have found! You must understand how dangerous and sad a real poor tour is!

　　Truth 1: Is it really that simple to get a ride? !

　　Don’t think that if you put up a thumb or hold a sign marked "Go to a certain place", a kind uncle will stop to pick you up, and the passenger in the same car is also a like-minded "travel companion".

　　A female white-collar worker in Beijing tells us with real experience that no one will pay attention to you when you attract a ride on the roadside, and only when you untie the button will someone stop; The driver will not talk to you about the local customs in Kan Kan except touching you in the middle of the night; I finally met my peers, not the handsome guy with the same heart, but the uncle who acted in collusion with you; Behind every beautiful photo, there is unknown bitterness, but we can’t see it.

　　　Truth 2: How much news have you seen about missing and being cheated on the poor road every year?

　　Wei Yin, a girl from Guangzhou, rode alone in Sichuan and Tibet, disappeared at the junction of Yunnan and Sichuan for more than two months, and was finally confirmed to have been robbed and killed. Ningbo girl disappeared after escaping tickets and entering Paixiang on the way to Medog, Xizang; College students travel to China and fall into pyramid schemes …

　　Truth 3: We are also seeing this phenomenon more and more:

　　There are many men and women riding in the street, and there is no money to eat. If you find someone to sit on, you should start asking pedestrians for money.

　　Why use other people’s money to pay for your ideal? What’s the difference between this and beggars? Even some beggars write and sing.

　　Then there are donkey friends looking for families to eat in those economically backward areas, so why don’t you feel blushing! People have used these meager grains to satisfy your ideal of being a literary youth, saving a few dollars. Do you feel guilty when you look at those wrinkled old people?

　　This is the so-called donkey friends, thrift is necessary, but such behavior is really hard to recognize.

　　If you really want to experience the fun of self-abuse, rely entirely on yourself and minimize your expenses, I absolutely admire you. However, if we only build our own picks on the sacrifices of others, such a journey is really contemptible.

　　Truth 4: There is also the matter of ticket evasion!

　　Evading tickets means not taking the usual road. How dangerous are the mountain roads in Tibetan areas? Is it worthwhile to lose your life for hundreds or even tens of dollars of tickets? Not to mention that my parents cried to death, I would not be willing to regret it if I became a ghost!

　　Not to say that you can’t walk, but at least you must have an objective understanding of your own abilities, appropriate companions, enough to support the economy of the journey, professional equipment, experience in outdoor sports, and the ability to deal with sudden crises.

　　You have nothing. After reading a few chicken soup-flavored raiders, you feel that the world is yours. You have to leave. You are Wen Qing! But in fact, you are just an irresponsible madman!

　　Don’t mislead others with chicken soup! ! !

　　A post on a forum was very popular before, saying that those young women in literature and art called 88 yuan went to Xizang. Everyone is curious about how to get there. Young women in literature and art will never tell you the fact that she made free guns. In this case, it is possible to take 88 yuan to Xizang and finally bring 8800 home. Then she will write a book about literature and art, telling everyone what kind drivers she met and what kind Tibetans she met.

　　△ Anyone who has been to Xizang knows what it says. The so-called "affair" and "sex" are easy to meet here.

　　Don’t deny the existence of good people, but don’t mislead others. Not everyone is kind all the time. What should you do if you meet a driver who takes you to a sparsely populated place and says that you have to solve your physiological needs?

　　　What kind of chicken soup mentality are we easily fooled by?

　　"Poor Travel" Chicken Soup 1: If we don’t go to Xizang, we will be old.

　　Don’t be dismissive. There is no doubt that we have been brainwashed by this slogan to some extent. Of course, it is up to us to decide whether to accept this view or not.

　　However, the frequency of its appearance is absolutely no less than the "Forever Young, Forever Tears" popular in rock circles in the early years.

　　Wen Qing took a look at the name of this unusually sensational album, and then opened it to see the big SLR photo inside. Immediately, she burst into tears and was encouraged. That kind of passionate young thank you sir was all checked out, crying and shouting that I also want to go to Xizang.

　　You should travel at a young age to live up to your youth-I don’t know which Mary Su whose brain is squeezed by the door can say such a melodramatic quotation.

　　These poor travelers always have a "abandon everything you have now and go on the road at once, friend!" " My life teacher’s heart seems to have experienced thousands of ups and downs in life, and he has already seen through everything. No one is as smart as him, and no one can understand him. Doing nothing and talking about seeing through the world of mortals is called Loser.

　　"Poor Travel" Chicken Soup 2: Who says you can’t travel without money?

　　First of all, there is nothing wrong with this value itself, but "poor tourists" often misinterpret and steal the concept as "you must travel without money" (Note that "travel" is not "tourism")

　　Some poor travelers have an unhealthy mentality of "spending too much money"-my strategy is the lowest price in the whole network, so I am better than others. This is why the prices written by these donkey friends on major travel websites can always refresh your understanding of the world.

　　Saving is a virtue, and so is traveling. You can take a green leather train, chew bread that is too expensive for 2 yuan, endure dirty mattresses and a room full of people who grind their teeth and snore day and night in order to go to the paradise in your heart.

　　However, travel should bring people relaxation and enjoyment, rather than worrying about what to eat next and where to live tomorrow. Even if the scenery is unparalleled, only you know how much pain and sadness you have suffered behind it.

　　If these do not make you feel sad, but you enjoy the process, then I admire you. You are a real "poor traveler" model.

　　"Poor Travel" Chicken Soup 3: What you want is to leave!

　　There is a chicken soup saying: there are two things that must be done in life, a desperate love and a trip when you leave.

　　So "go and go" has become a beautiful word for all handsome heroes. Traveling seems effortless for them, and they have plenty of time to be on the road without doing any homework. Courage is their only bargaining chip. Of course, it is enough in their eyes, and it can be used as money.

　　But where can the reality hold the spirit of this newborn calf? This world is a hell that won’t work without the exchange of interests. The poor traveler said that it didn’t cost Tang Sanzang money to go that far to learn from the West!

　　A little friend replied: but he was touched by the demon, too. This irony is really witty. Where there is a free lunch in the world, you have to sacrifice something else if you can’t bear gold.

　　How many girls lost their virginity in order to get a ride, woke up drunk with others in Lijiang and didn’t know whose bed they were sleeping in, and were reluctant to spend money on airbnb (Travel House Rental Community) and had to make love with the owner … What do you have to show off about such a trip and such a life experience?

　　So, please get everything ready before you leave. Besides money and courage, take more time to know your destination. It is very dangerous to travel alone, but it is relatively safe in the city. But there are always people who want to find another way, thinking that the scenic spots are crowded and vulgar.

　　You have to take an unusual wild road and go to the mountains and forests to show that you are different from others. Let’s not talk about the small probability of a pervert killer. Even if you are bitten by a snake, you are basically finished. If you are not experienced outdoors, try to find a companion to travel with, and don’t take your ignorance as fearless.

　　If you are poor, please make money first! Walk on the road with your own abilities and thoughts, temper yourself and improve yourself! Don’t travel badly, travel, please swim with dignity, respect others and protect yourself! It is recommended to go to Xizang with an experienced outdoor club. Please choose an experienced old driver to drive by car.

　　Recruit | 9,500 yuan. On July 15th, Xizang Great Ring Road go on road trip.

　　Recruitment |499 yuan self-driving Qinhuangdao’s first peak, the goddess Mulan

　　Policeman: I still need military training when I go to college next year. I haven’t deepened my professional courses yet. How can I know I won’t like it?

　　Freshman: Military training is too hard, and the specialized courses are different from what I thought. I want to drop out of school and go back to my hometown to study.

　　Recently, a freshman in Chongqing, because he felt that the military training in the university was too hard and his major was different from what he expected, actually backed out and wanted to drop out of school and repeat his studies. On the same day, in the square of Chongqing West Railway Station, he had a fierce quarrel with his family who came to persuade him. This scene was seen by the police patrolling nearby. Subsequently, the police analyzed and persuaded him as a person who had experienced it. The college student finally figured it out and decided to go back to school with peace of mind.

　　Railway station square

　　A mother and son quarreled fiercely, and the boy was emotional.

　　On the morning of September 16th, police officer Lu of the West Railway Station of Shapingba District Public Security Bureau was leading a team to patrol the square of Chongqing West Railway Station when he suddenly heard a quarrel from one side of the square. He followed the sound and found a middle-aged woman and a young man arguing loudly at the edge of the flower bed. The young man was very excited and flushed, while the middle-aged woman wiped her tears with paper towels from time to time. At this time, some onlookers have gathered nearby.

　　The police rushed forward to understand the situation. It turned out that it was a mother and son who quarreled. The young man named Xiaohua (a pseudonym) was 18 years old from Sichuan and was a freshman in a university in Chongqing. Mom, Ms. Wang just came from her hometown and just got off the train.

　　The police learned that Xiaohua studied very hard in high school and his grades have always been outstanding. Xiaohua lived up to expectations in this year’s college entrance examination and scored more than 630 points. After receiving the admission notice from a key university in Chongqing, the whole family was very excited.

　　Military training field in colleges and universities

　　Training held the class back, and frustrated, he wanted to go back to his hometown to repeat his studies.

　　School started in September, Xiaohua came to the university with his luggage on his back to register, and then began his military training life. However, the hard military training for several days in a row made Xiaohua, who lacked exercise for a long time, very painful and physically unable to eat. Xiaohua said that he often dragged his class back during training, so he felt very frustrated and depressed.

　　In addition, when Xiaohua arrived at school, he found that the course content of his major was very different from his ideal course, and he began to give up on himself. "I’m so tired! I don’t want military training! I want to drop out of school and go back to my hometown to study again. I will continue the college entrance examination next year and choose my favorite university and major again. " Xiaohua said.

　　When parents learned about Xiaohua’s recent situation and thoughts, they were in a hurry. In order to change her son’s mind, Ms. Wang, the mother, immediately took the high-speed train from Sichuan to Chongqing, and asked Xiaohua to pick herself up at Chongqing West Railway Station, hoping to do ideological work for Xiaohua face to face.

　　After the meeting, due to lovers, the mother and son had a fierce quarrel in the West Station Square, and no one could convince anyone, so the previous scene appeared.

　　Railway station square

　　The police analyzed the pros and cons, and after listening, he was willing to return to college.

　　After understanding the incident, police officer Lu analyzed the pros and cons of the incident from Xiaohua’s point of view and described the importance of military training to a college student.

　　"As college students, we should learn to actively adapt to the new environment and not let the environment adapt to ourselves." Police officer Lu said that military training in universities plays a vital role in establishing patriotism and enhancing physical fitness for every college student. It can help college students to strengthen organizational discipline, develop a good style of study and life, cultivate willpower, exercise well, and welcome college life with a new look.

　　Officer Lu also said that even if Xiaohua studies hard in the cold window for another year and is admitted to the university next year, he will still take part in military training.

　　Officer Lu also analyzed that dropping out of school has advantages and disadvantages, and there is no absolute right or wrong, but overall, the disadvantages outweigh the advantages. "At present, you are not clear about the content of the courses you have studied, and you have no in-depth understanding. It is irresponsible and hasty for yourself, your parents and the school to decide to drop out of school just from the perspective of the curriculum." Police officer Lu analyzed that as long as Xiaohua discovers his own advantages and specialties and learns to practice his major well, he will have the opportunity to choose again in the future.

　　At this time, Xiaohua calmed down and felt that his idea was naive. He promised Officer Lu that he would return to school to continue military training and study hard, so as not to let his parents worry about himself, but also admitted his mistake to his mother. Before leaving, the mother and son repeatedly thanked the police officer Lu.

　　Chongqing morning post upstream journalist Fu Dixi

　　Beijing, April 8 (Reporter Zhang Wen) According to China Voice "Chaoguang News", yesterday, Beijing time, FIFA announced the latest world ranking of the men’s national team. China ranks 81st in the world and 8th in Asia, which means that the national football team will be ranked 4th in the top 12 Asian World Cup qualifiers.

　　In the ranking in March, China ranked 96th, behind Jordan, Iraq and North Korea. After beating Maldives and Qatar in two preliminaries in March, the ranking of the national football team rose from 96th to 81st in the world and 8th in Asia.

　　According to the rules of drawing lots for the Asian Top 12 World Cup qualifiers, the top 12 teams in Asia are divided into six stalls according to the world ranking. In this ranking, six gears are also produced. The first gear: Iran (42) and Australia (50); The second file: South Korea (56), Japan (57); Third gear: Saudi Arabia (60), Uzbekistan (66); The fourth gear: UAE (68), China (81); Fifth gear: Qatar (83), Iraq (105); Sixth gear: Syria (110), Thailand (119).

　　According to this grading rule, the China team will definitely avoid the UAE team of the same grade. The 12 teams will be divided into two groups, and the top two teams will be directly selected for the 2018 fifa world cup finals. The third place of the two groups played a play-off, and the winner competed with a team in Central and North America and the Caribbean for a World Cup ticket.

　　The draw for the Top 12 will be held on April 12th. Now many media have begun to sign and sign the national football plan. It is generally believed that it is better to touch Australia and Japan than to touch Iran and South Korea, and would rather touch Qatar than China’s bitter Iraqi team. Many people think that the signing may be in groups such as Australia, Japan, Saudi Arabia/Uzbekistan, China, Qatar and Thailand. The next signatories are Iran, South Korea, Saudi Arabia/Uzbekistan, China, Iraq and Syria.

　　　　On May 12th, a major earthquake occurred in Wenchuan. According to the instructions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the public security department mobilized 3,460 special police officers from 20 cities across the country in two batches to help the disaster-stricken areas.

　　　　In the early morning of May 13th, the Ministry of Public Security issued the first special police assembly order.

　　　　Police orders are like mountains.

　　　　Tread in tears

　　　　On May 13th, 1130 special police officers from six cities, including Tianjin, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Chongqing, arrived at Mianyang Airport in Sichuan by chartered plane, and went straight to Beichuan, Mianzhu, Shifang and Dujiangyan, which suffered the most, for rescue.

　　　　In the early morning of the next day, special police detachments from 14 cities including Shijiazhuang, Hohhot, Changchun and Harbin received urgent orders from the Ministry of Public Security, and 2,330 elite special police officers arrived at Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport as ordered before 12 noon on May 14th, and then transferred to Dujiangyan. The frontline command of earthquake relief of the Ministry of Public Security mixed the special police team into three rescue brigades, and advanced to Xuankou Town, Shuimo Town and Sanjiang Township in Wenchuan County, the epicenter.

　　　　Duwen Highway from Dujiangyan to Wenchuan is the only way to Jiuzhaigou, a famous tourist attraction, and the only way for rescue teams to reach their destinations. The steep slope and narrow road width usually give people a sense of danger. After the earthquake, the bridge broke and the road collapsed, coupled with landslides and falling rocks, and this road became a veritable line of life and death. It has the hope of life, but also the threat of death.

　　　　Shortly after going up from Dujiangyan, cars could not pass. Public security special police embarked on a difficult trek on foot. On the winding mountain road, more than 2,000 special police officers walked like a long dragon. The more you go up, the more tragic the situation along the way: the towering mountain is like being chopped by a knife and axe, the huge landslide tears the scars on the peaks, the collapsed rocks are overturned on the road, and the car wrecks destroyed by falling rocks are staggering.

　　　　What shocked the young swat team members even more was the people who fled from the disaster area. They were ragged, dusty, dragging their children and passing the swat team. From their eyes, the special police officers read out their expectations and perseverance.

　　　　At the entrance of Friendship Tunnel, Guo Jiangning from Jiujiang Special Police Detachment saw a girl who walked out alone with the crowd, probably in her teens. Guo Jiangning couldn’t help thinking of his daughter of the same size, and his heart was sour. He stopped the little girl to ask about the disaster on the mountain. The little girl said, "Uncle, there are many people on it. Go and save them!" " When he said this, the child didn’t cry, but the special police officers around him were already in tears.

　　　　There was a young mother with two four-or five-year-old children. She was tired and hungry, and seemed unable to walk. A special police officer in Hohhot quickly peeled off the ham he carried with him and handed it to the children. Unexpectedly, the mother refused to let the children eat. She said to the children, "The police uncles have to rescue more people." The two sensible children looked away from the sausage and ran to one side. Seeing this scene, the special police officers suddenly felt a heat flow rolling in their hearts. The swat team quickly caught up and left the mineral water and ham to the child.

　　　　"I won’t open it if you want to pay."

　　　　Touching scenes are still happening one after another. When the SWAT team members leave, in addition to the necessary rescue equipment, everyone must also carry a backpack full of food and daily necessities. In order to provide more help to the affected people, they all increased the load as much as possible, and the heaviest luggage weighed forty or fifty kilograms. Although the swat team members are well-trained, this arduous long-distance running is unprecedented after all. Therefore, everyone is supporting with strong perseverance.

　　　　Along the way, simple and kind farmers have extended a helping hand to them, motorcycles, cars, tractors … They used all available means of transportation, and specially came to help the special police to transport equipment and personnel. In the section that is still open to traffic, it goes back and forth one by one, and some go back and forth dozens of times a day. While hiking to Xuankou Town, Wenchuan County, a man driving a tractor called a dozen special police officers to get on the bus and sent them to the traffic block, and then returned to pick up another group of special police officers. Cheng Zhangde, deputy director of Hefei Public Security Bureau, felt guilty and said, I’ll give you 100 yuan money, which is gas money. The man insisted that he didn’t want it. Cheng Zhangde stuffed the money into his pocket. The man who was driving the tractor actually stopped the car and said seriously, "If you want to give money, I won’t pull you. You have come to save us. How can you ask for your money?"

　　　　On the trek, at the disaster relief site, day and night in the disaster area, such things happen all the time. The simple actions and sincere words of the affected people, as well as the human light that bloomed from them, made the tough-looking special police officers burst into tears again and again.

　　　　On the way to Sanjiang Township, Wenchuan, Hohhot special police met more than a dozen people who escaped from Wolong Nature Reserve. One of them was a middle-aged man who tied his 80-year-old mother on his back with a rope. He went through all kinds of hardships and waded all the way, hungry and thirsty. He begged some food from the special police passing by. Special police officers opened their backpacks and gave him mineral water, bread and ham, but the middle-aged man only accepted a bottle of water and two loaves, refusing to ask for more. He said, "With this food, my mother can live." The swat officers present couldn’t help crying.

　　　　There are many, many moments that make swat unforgettable. A teenager has been waiting on the side of the road. When he sees a passing swat team member, he says, "I have boiled hot water for you at home. Come to my home and have a drink of hot water!" A female student of Yingxiu Middle School in Wenchuan County, with a pen and notebook, chased the special police for signature and said, "I will remember you all my life."

　　　　"I don’t believe communist party will ignore us."

　　　　As the first batch of public security special police teams galloping in the disaster area, 200 special police officers from Chongqing Public Security Special Police Corps arrived in Beichuan County, Mianyang City at about 17: 00 on May 13th, which was the first public security rescue team to arrive in Beichuan after the earthquake. Beichuan was the hardest hit by the earthquake, and the whole county was razed to the ground.

　　　　Putting down their bags, the special police immediately put themselves into the work of searching and rescuing the buried people, helping the masses, maintaining public order and defending key parts. That night, it rained heavily, and torrential rain washed the land after the disaster, and also poured on the members of the public security special police, blending with the sweat and tears of the members.

　　　　In the middle of the night, the special police officers who participated in the on-site rescue had to stop their actions and board the personnel carriers all the way from Chongqing to prepare for camping. At this time, a group of ragged children appeared in the field of vision of Ding Minsheng, the chief captain of Chongqing Public Security Special Police Corps. They were 84 students from Liuhan Hope Primary School in a remote area, the oldest being 14 years old and the youngest being 7 years old. After the earthquake, the school building collapsed, and the surviving children, led by two teachers, rushed to the mountain road one day and one night and fled to the county for help. The newly established Beichuan field headquarters was temporarily unable to resettle them, and 84 children stood silently waiting in the rain.

　　　　Before Ding Minsheng gave the order, the special police officers on the troop carrier had jumped out of the car, let the children in, and took out food and water to give them. That night, the special police officers spent several hours standing or squatting in the rain, until the on-site headquarters safely transferred all these teachers and students at 5: 30 the next morning.

　　　　For these young children, the police they saw on the rainy night after the earthquake may be just police officers, but for the affected people in Sanjiang Township who were cut off from the outside world for four days and were almost waiting for death, the police who appeared in front of them came to save their party and government.

　　　　Sanjiang Township is located in the deep mountain area of Wenchuan County. After the earthquake, there was no news all the time. It is one of the 58 blind spots in the whole disaster area. The safety of the masses has always touched the hearts of the party and state leaders. The frontline command of earthquake relief of the Ministry of Public Security handed the task of advancing into Sanjiang to a mixed commando led by Liu Yamin, the detachment leader of Harbin Public Security Special Police.

　　　　The biggest difficulty in advancing into Sanjiang lies in road damage. On the morning of May 16th, the commandos set out from Shuimo Town and began their trek to Sanjiang. On the way, I met a young man coming down from the mountain. I quickly came forward to inquire. The young man’s name was Zhang Jianbo, and he was a native of Sanjiang. It took him six hours to get to Shuimo Town after going over the mountains. I heard that the special police were eager to rescue the masses in the mountains. Zhang Jianbo took the initiative to serve as the guide of the commando team and turned around to lead the team into the direction of Sanjiang. At 15: 40, the commando team finally arrived in Sanjiang Township. At this time, Sanjiang Township is full of ruins. Fortunately, due to the wooden structure of local houses, the number of victims is not as much as expected. Of the more than 4,000 people in the township, 11 people were killed and 17 people were missing. However, the surviving people are short of food and medicine, and they live on porridge every day. The injured are not treated and their injuries are getting worse.

　　　　The special police officers rushed to the gathering place of the victims, which was a playground of Sanjiang Township Primary School. Several wooden stakes pulled a piece of snakeskin cloth less than 40 square meters, covering the seriously injured. More than a thousand people huddled in the playground, most of them were old people, women and children.

　　　　Liu Yamin fought back tears, grabbed the front of everyone and said loudly, "Folks! Sorry, we are late! We are a rescue team sent by the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the Ministry of Public Security. We have special police, fire officers and soldiers and doctors. A team of hundreds of people will arrive soon. Don’t worry! Everyone must have confidence, the party and the government have not forgotten you, and the people all over the country are helping you! Together, we will be able to tide over this difficulty! "

　　　　In an instant, applause broke out on the playground, and people stood up and shouted excitedly: "Long live communist party, long live the people’s police!" An old man muttered with tears: "We are saved! I knew communist party wouldn’t leave us alone. " Afterwards, Liu Yamin asked an old man if any rescue troops had been here. The old man listened and said, "The Red Army came to us in the past." Liu Ya people’s hearts are hot: I didn’t expect that the road we took turned out to be the road the Red Army took!

　　　　Without hesitation, the rescuers delivered their food to the hungry people, and the medical team immediately gave emergency rescue to 128 wounded people on the playground. After the arrival of the follow-up troops, they quickly went to nine villages in Sanjiang Township to check the disaster situation, arranged police patrols, and sprayed and disinfected crowded places. In order to solve the big problem of people’s eating, the special police braved the risk of aftershocks and rescued 12,000 Jin of grain from the ruined and crumbling dangerous houses, so the people no longer had to go hungry.

　　　　People-oriented, life first. For the public security special police officers who are fighting in the front line of earthquake relief, these abstract concepts have become living practices here, giving them a profound understanding.

　　　　On the morning of May 18th, Chongqing Special Police, who was on patrol in Wenchuan County, received a middle-aged woman’s help. Her 64-year-old father, Liu Guangjie, was injured in his right foot in the earthquake, and the villagers in the village carried him to a safe place. They couldn’t walk on the way, so they had to put him on the mountain to wait for help. The woman pleaded, "Comrade police, go and save my father’s life!" "

　　　　In the face of the eager desire of the masses, the Chongqing Special Police Corps immediately organized 17 special police officers to go to the mountains. Cliffs, broken walls and rolling stones may fall down the mountain and be shattered if you don’t pay attention. The special police officers put their hearts in their throats and used their hands and feet. It took more than three hours to finally find Liu Laohan, who was eager to wear.

　　　　It’s not easy to go up the mountain, and it’s even harder to go down. The special police officers were divided into several groups and rotated. Some people opened the way in front, steadied their heels, and the police who carried people stepped on the feet of the police in front and walked down step by step. At 10 o’clock in the morning, he began to go down the mountain. At 5 o’clock in the afternoon, the old man was carried down the mountain. Every policeman’s feet were soaked with blood, and several people sprained their ankles. After going down the mountain, Liu Laohan repeatedly said with gratitude, "My family has a lot of bacon. Come back to my house and eat bacon!"

　　　　If you can save a life, you will try your best to save a life; What can be done for the masses, what to do with all one’s strength, this is the common wish of the special police officers fighting in the disaster area. On the first day of trekking from Dujiangyan to Xuankou Town, the hardest hit area, the Hefei Special Police Detachment did not hesitate to donate a generator that had been painstakingly carried. The swat team members gave everything they had and donated 30 thousand yuan in cash to the town government. In Longhushan village, I saw that the tents built by the villagers were very simple. They gave up six of the seven tents they carried, and dozens of special police officers squeezed into one tent. It rained heavily that night, and the police sat in the tent all night, listening to the sound of the rain, feeling very gratified.

　　　　The masses are reluctant to part with each other and send them away with tears.

　　　　According to the data provided by the frontline command of earthquake relief of the Ministry of Public Security, as of May 23rd, the special police participating in the war had rescued 215 buried personnel, among whom 20 survived, rescued and transferred 34,383 people, rescued and escorted 19.028 million yuan in cash, assisted in investigating 192 cases and arrested 256 suspects. The team members spontaneously donated 536,990 yuan in cash to the people in the disaster area.

　　　　After eight days of fighting in the hardest hit area, according to the command of the headquarters, the special police team evacuated from the disaster area and transferred to other areas to perform public security prevention and control tasks. I heard that they were leaving, and the people in the disaster area were reluctant to part with each other and sent them away with tears.

　　　　Teachers and students of Shenghu Primary School in Xuankou Town, Wenchuan County are reluctant to let Jiujiang Special Police officers go. In just a few days, Jiujiang Special Police not only rescued books and desks for the children, but also helped the school to get through the road. It also donated 20,000 yuan to the school, which deeply touched the teachers and students of the school. The headmaster felt that there was no return and insisted on giving a banner to the special police. Unable to make it locally, they specially sent people to Dujiangyan, spent seven hours back and forth, customized a banner and gave it to the special police. When the special police officers set out, the school sent someone to accompany them to Dujiangyan.

　　　　When Fuzhou Public Security Special Police Detachment left Jizhong Village, Xuankou Town, all the villagers came out to bid farewell spontaneously, and some people even set off firecrackers. Gong Daliang, a 70-year-old widowed man, put together more than 20 fresh eggs and salted eggs he had accumulated, cooked them and gave them to special police officers. The special police insisted on not accepting it, and the white-haired old man had to kneel down in the street for the special police who were equivalent to his children and grandchildren.

　　　　Guo Jiangning, from Jiujiang Public Security Special Police Detachment, said: "The days on the front line of earthquake relief are the days when I shed the most tears and moved the most, and also the days when my mind was purified and my spirit was improved. In these days, the police and ordinary people moved each other in giving each other, and the relationship between people was close in the face of catastrophe. " Zhang Qian of Shijiazhuang Special Police Detachment said: "We have done something for the disaster area, but the people in the disaster area have given us more and more precious. They give us spiritual touch and education, which is our lifelong wealth. " The words of these two young policemen expressed the common aspiration of the special police.

　　　　Beijing, June 2 nd

　　　　

Detailed rules for the implementation of reservoir dam safety management in Guangdong Province

(Promulgated by Guangdong Government [1994] No.9 on January 18, 1994, first revised according to Order No.242 of Guangdong People’s Government on July 20, 2017, and second revised according to Order No.251 of Guangdong Provincial People’s Government on January 23, 2018)

the first　In order to strengthen the safety management of reservoir dams (hereinafter referred to as dams) and ensure the safety of people’s lives and property, according to the Regulations of the State Council on the Safety Management of Reservoir Dams (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations), combined with the actual situation in our province, these detailed rules are formulated.

the second　These rules apply to dams with a dam height of more than 15 meters or a reservoir capacity of more than 1 million cubic meters in this province.

Dams include permanent water retaining structures, flood discharge, water conveyance and ship passing structures matched with them, and power plants and other buildings connected with the dam body.

Dam height below 15 meters, more than 10 meters or storage capacity below 1 million cubic meters, more than 100,000 cubic meters, which is potentially dangerous to the safety of important towns, traffic trunk lines, important military facilities and industrial and mining areas, shall be managed with reference to these rules.

Article　The preliminary design documents for dam expansion, reconstruction and reinforcement must be compiled by qualified units in accordance with the technical management procedures formulated by the relevant departments of the state and the province, submitted to the relevant competent departments for examination and approval, and implemented in accordance with the approved design scheme.

Article 4　Dam engineering design includes the main project and engineering observation items matching with the main project, such as seepage pressure, seepage flow, deformation, subsidence, displacement, rainfall, water level, outflow, etc., as well as the design of communication, power, lighting, transportation, fire control, management room and other facilities.

The existing dams with imperfect facilities mentioned above should be supplemented and improved in the design of expansion, reconstruction or reinforcement.

Article 5　Dam construction must be undertaken by the construction unit with corresponding qualification certificate. The construction unit must carry out construction and management in accordance with the requirements of design documents and drawings stipulated in the construction contract and the norms and procedures formulated by the relevant departments of the state and province.

Article 6　When building a dam, the construction unit shall, according to the approved design scheme, draw the people’s governments at or above the county level to delimit the management scope and protection scope according to the following standards, and set up boundary markers. The delineation of the dam management scope within the urban planning area must conform to the urban planning.

(a) large reservoirs (storage capacity of more than 100 million cubic meters) and important medium-sized reservoirs, the horizontal distance from the foot of the dam is not less than 200 meters, and the horizontal distance from the left and right bank walls (or dam heads) is not less than 50 meters.

(II) For dams of medium-sized reservoirs (with a storage capacity of more than 10 million cubic meters but less than 100 million cubic meters) and important small reservoirs, the horizontal distance shall be not less than 100 meters from the dam toe and not less than 30 meters from the left and right bank walls (or dam heads).

(3) The management scope of small reservoirs (with a storage capacity of more than 100,000 cubic meters and less than 10 million cubic meters) shall be delineated by the people’s government at the county level according to the actual situation.

The reservoir dam management unit shall, according to the actual needs, draw the local people’s government to delimit the scope of reservoir dam protection.

Large and medium-sized reservoir spillway beyond the scope of dam management and protection, the scope of management and protection from the spillway lateral wing wall, the horizontal distance of not less than 15 meters.

(four) the management and protection scope of dams that fail to meet the design standards can be appropriately expanded.

The scope of management and protection of reservoir dams that have been delineated exceeds the above standards and will not be changed. If it fails to meet the above standards, it shall be redrawn according to the above standards.

Where the scope of management and protection of a built dam has not been demarcated, the dam administrative department shall, according to the needs of safety management, report to the people’s government at or above the county level for demarcation in accordance with the standards stipulated in these Detailed Rules.

The ownership and use right of the land within the management scope and protection scope of the reservoir dam shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant laws, regulations and rules of the state.

Article 7　Blasting, drilling wells, quarrying, mining, dredging, earth borrowing, grave repairing, land reclamation, fish frying, underground resources exploitation and other activities endangering dam safety are prohibited within the scope of dam management and protection.

Houses and other buildings shall not be built within the scope of dam management and protection without approval. The original buildings that hinder dam safety within the scope of dam management and protection should be demolished; Approved by the competent department of the dam to suspend the demolition, should be measured and registered, no expansion or reconstruction.

Article 8　It is forbidden to drive tracked tractors, hard-wheeled vehicles and heavy vehicles on the dam crest and dam slope; Without the permission of the dam management unit, no motor vehicle may be used on the dam, which is not a dam and a dam slope.

Article 9　The dam authorities should be equipped with qualified full-time safety management personnel as required:

No less than 5 people in large reservoirs; No less than 3 people in medium-sized reservoirs; Small reservoirs are not less than 2 people.

Article 10　Reservoir dams that fail to meet the flood control standards and seismic fortification standards stipulated by the relevant state departments, or have serious quality defects, must formulate control and operation plans.

The control operation plan shall be compiled by the project management unit, examined by the dam authorities, approved and put on record according to the following procedures: for large reservoirs, after soliciting the opinions of the county-level three-prevention headquarters where they are located, it shall be reported to the municipal three-prevention headquarters for review, approved by the provincial three-prevention headquarters, and sent to the provincial people’s government and the national flood control and drought relief headquarters for record. The medium-sized reservoir is audited by the county-level three-prevention headquarters, approved by the municipal three-prevention headquarters, and sent to the provincial three-prevention headquarters for the record. Small reservoirs by the township water conservancy management institutions put forward opinions, approved by the county three defense headquarters, sent to the city three defense headquarters for the record.

Article 11　Dam management units must reserve the main materials for flood control and emergency rescue in accordance with the following standards:

Article 12　The competent department of the dam shall formulate the scope of the flooded area and the emergency plan for the evacuation of the residents in the flooded area caused by the dangerous situation, and report it to the three defense headquarters at the same level for approval. Involving adjacent areas, it shall be approved by the competent three-prevention headquarters in conjunction with the three-prevention headquarters in the relevant areas, or submitted to the higher-level three-prevention headquarters for approval.

Article 13　When the dam shows signs of danger, the dam management unit shall immediately report to the competent department of the dam and the competent three-prevention headquarters, and take rescue measures; When there is danger of dam break, an alarm should be given to the expected dam break flooded area in time.

Article 14　The competent department of the dam shall establish a regular safety inspection and appraisal system for the dam.

Dam inspection and appraisal projects include:

(1) Earth dams. Cracks in dam body, collapse pit, landslide, uplift, ant damage, rat hole, wind and wave erosion, vortex, infiltration, leakage, seepage prevention and decompression, filtration and drainage facilities, and pressure permeability of blanket, etc.

(2) Concrete dams. Cracks, leakage, erosion, erosion, abrasion, cavitation and dealkalization; Sealing of expansion joints, stability of dam piers and bases, leakage of corridors, grouting curtain, filtration and drainage equipment, water seepage, etc.

(3) Mortar masonry dam. Loose, collapsed and local deformation of block stones, cracks and perforations of clay impervious body, cracks, bulges, blisters, creep and aging of asphalt concrete slope protection, etc.

(4) Metal structural parts and electrical equipment. Deformation, crack, corrosion, cavitation, paint peeling, wear, vibration, weld, hammer nail, etc. of metal structural parts; Electrical equipment aging, incomplete, loose, etc.

(5) Gate and hoist. Including the items listed in the fourth item, door leaf frame, panel distortion, door slot and water stop, operation agility of hoist, noise and vibration, screw bending, wear and corrosion of machine parts, wire rope corrosion, wire breakage and fatigue, lifting point combination, stress status and electrical safety protection devices, etc.

(6) Observation of water flow pattern. Including the water flow pattern at the inlet, behind the sluice and weir, and the backwater blocking condition of trash racks, fish blocking facilities and floating objects.

(seven) the dam ancillary works, power, lighting, transportation, communication, safety protection, lightning protection facilities and observation facilities in good condition.

Article 15　The dam shall establish a regular observation system.

Items that must be observed for large and medium-sized reservoir dams:

(1) Earth dams and earth-rock mixed dams: settlement, displacement, saturation line, leakage, confined water of dam foundation, seepage pressure near dam foundation and dam foot, seepage around the dam, etc.

(2) Concrete dams and masonry dams: settlement, displacement, expansion joints, uplift pressure, leakage, temperature and stress in the concrete dam and water temperature in front of the dam, etc.

(3) Drainage and water conveyance structures: subsidence, displacement, uplift pressure, fracture, water seepage, water flow pattern, upstream and downstream riverbed deformation, etc.

(four) the water level in front of the dam and the rainfall in the reservoir area.

The observation of small reservoir dams shall be formulated by the water administrative department at the county level with reference to the observation contents of large and medium-sized reservoir dams.

Article 16　In violation of the "Regulations" and these rules, according to the relevant provisions of the state and province.

Article 17　These rules shall come into force as of February 1, 1994.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 28th

Constitution of the Communist Party of China

(The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China partially revised, adopted on October 24, 2017)

general principles

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) is the vanguard of the working class in China, the people of Chinese and the Chinese nation, the leading core of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause, representing the development requirements of China’s advanced productive forces, the direction of China’s advanced culture and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China. The highest ideal and ultimate goal of the party is to realize communism.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) took Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents, Scientific Outlook on Development and the Supreme Leader’s New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought as his guide to action.

　　Marxism–Leninism has revealed the law of the historical development of human society, and its basic principle is correct and has great vitality. The highest ideal of communism pursued by the Communist Party of China (CPC) people can only be realized on the basis of full development and high development of socialist society. The development and perfection of the socialist system is a long historical process. Adhering to the basic principles of Marxism–Leninism and taking the road suitable for China’s national conditions voluntarily chosen by the people of China, China’s socialist cause will surely win the final victory.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) people, with Comrade Mao Zedong as the main representative, combined Marxism–Leninism’s basic principles with the concrete practice of the China Revolution and founded Mao Zedong Thought. Mao Zedong Thought is the application and development of Marxism–Leninism in China, the correct theoretical principle and experience summary of China’s revolution and construction that has been proved by practice, and the crystallization of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s collective wisdom. Under the guidance of Mao Zedong Thought, the Communist Party of China (CPC) led the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country. After a long-term revolutionary struggle against imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capitalism, he won the victory of the new-democratic revolution and established People’s Republic of China (PRC) under the people’s democratic dictatorship. After the founding of New China, the socialist transformation was successfully carried out, the transition from new democracy to socialism was completed, the basic socialist system was established, and the socialist economy, politics and culture were developed.

　　Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the Communist Party of China (CPC) people, with Comrade Deng Xiaoping as the main representative, have summed up the positive and negative experiences since the founding of New China, emancipated their minds, sought truth from facts, realized the shift of the work center of the whole party to economic construction, implemented reform and opening up, opened up a new era of socialist development, gradually formed the line, principles and policies for building Socialism with Chinese characteristics, clarified the basic problems of building socialism, consolidating and developing socialism in China, and founded Deng Xiaoping Theory. Deng Xiaoping Theory is the product of the combination of Marxism–Leninism’s basic principles with the practice of contemporary China and the characteristics of the times. It is the inheritance and development of Mao Zedong Thought under the new historical conditions, the new stage of the development of Marxism in China, the Marxism of contemporary China, and the crystallization of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s collective wisdom, which guides the continuous progress of China’s socialist modernization.

　　Since the Fourth Plenary Session of the 13th Central Committee, the Communist Party of China (CPC) people, with Comrade Jiang Zemin as the main representative, have deepened their understanding of what socialism is, how to build socialism, what kind of party to build and how to build the party, accumulated new valuable experience in managing the party and the country, and formed Theory of Three Represents. Theory of Three Represents is the inheritance and development of Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory, which reflects the new requirements of the development and changes of the contemporary world and China for the work of the party and the state. It is a powerful theoretical weapon to strengthen and improve party building and promote the self-improvement and development of socialism in China. It is the crystallization of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s collective wisdom and the guiding ideology that the party must adhere to for a long time. Always achieving "Theory of Three Represents" is the foundation of our party, the foundation of its governance and the source of its strength.

　　Since the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Communist Party of China (CPC) people, with Comrade Hu Jintao as the main representative, have adhered to the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents, deeply understood and answered major questions such as what kind of development and how to achieve it under the new situation, and formed a people-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development Scientific Outlook on Development. Scientific Outlook on Development is a scientific theory that is in the same strain as Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents and keeps pace with the times. It is a concentrated expression of Marxist world outlook and methodology on development, a major achievement of China Marxism, a crystallization of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s collective wisdom, and a guiding ideology that must be adhered to for a long time in developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Communist Party of China (CPC) people, with the Supreme Leader as the main representative, have followed the development of the times, systematically answered the important issue of what kind of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and how to uphold and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era from the combination of theory and practice, and founded the Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era. Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era is the inheritance and development of Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents and Scientific Outlook on Development, the latest achievement of Marxism in China, the crystallization of the practical experience and collective wisdom of the Party and the people, an important part of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s theoretical system, and an action guide for the whole party and the people to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, which must be adhered to and continuously developed for a long time. Under the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, the Communist Party of China (CPC) led the people of all ethnic groups in China, took charge of great struggles, great projects, great undertakings and great dreams, and pushed Socialism with Chinese characteristics into a new era.

　　The fundamental reasons for all the achievements and progress we have made since the reform and opening up can be summed up as follows: opening up the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, forming the system of Socialism with Chinese characteristics theory, establishing the system of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture. All comrades in the Party should cherish, persist in and constantly develop this road, this theoretical system, this system and this culture that the Party has worked hard to create, hold high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, strengthen road confidence, theoretical confidence, institutional confidence and cultural confidence, implement the Party’s basic theory, basic line and general plan, and realize "two hundred years" for the three historical tasks of promoting modernization, reunifying the motherland, safeguarding world peace and promoting common development.

　　Our country is in and will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time. This is an insurmountable historical stage of building socialist modernization in China, which was originally economically and culturally backward, and it will take hundreds of years. China’s socialist construction must proceed from China’s national conditions and take the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. At the present stage, the main contradiction in our society is the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced development. Due to domestic factors and international influence, class struggle still exists for a long time in a certain range, and may intensify under certain conditions, but it is no longer the main contradiction. The fundamental task of China’s socialist construction is to further emancipate, develop and gradually realize socialist modernization, and to this end, reform the relations of production and the aspects and links in the superstructure that are not suitable for the development of productive forces. We must adhere to and improve the basic economic system with public ownership as the mainstay and various forms of ownership developing together, and the distribution system with distribution according to work as the mainstay and multiple modes of distribution coexisting, encourage some regions and some people to get rich first, gradually eliminate poverty and achieve common prosperity, continuously meet the people’s growing needs for a better life and promote their all-round development on the basis of production development and social wealth growth. Development is the top priority of our party in governing and rejuvenating the country. We must adhere to the people-centered development concept and the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing. All work should be conducive to developing the productive forces of socialist society, enhancing the comprehensive national strength of socialist countries,It is conducive to improving people’s living standards. As the general starting point and test standard, we should respect labor, knowledge, talents and creation, so that development is for the people, development depends on the people and development results are shared by the people. Entering the new century, China has entered a new development stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way and accelerating socialist modernization. We must promote economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction and ecological civilization construction in an all-round way in accordance with the "five in one" overall layout and "four comprehensive" strategic layout of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause, and coordinate and promote the building of a well-off society in an all-round way, comprehensively deepen reform, comprehensively govern the country according to law and strictly manage the party in an all-round way. In the new century and era, the strategic goal of economic and social development is to build a well-off society in an all-round way by the centenary of the founding of the party; By the centenary of the founding of New China, we will have built a socialist modernization power in an all-round way.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s basic line in the primary stage of socialism is: leading and uniting the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country, focusing on economic construction, adhering to the Four Cardinal Principles, persisting in reform and opening up, self-reliance and hard work, and striving to build China into a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful socialist modern power.

　　In leading the socialist cause, the Communist Party of China (CPC) must persist in taking economic construction as the center, and all other work is subordinate to and serves this center. We should implement the strategies of rejuvenating the country through science and education, strengthening the country through talents, innovation-driven development, rural revitalization, regional coordinated development, sustainable development and integration of defense and civilian technologies development, give full play to the role of science and technology as the primary productive force, and give full play to the role of innovation as the primary driving force for development, and rely on scientific and technological progress to improve the quality of workers and promote the higher quality, more efficient, fairer and more sustainable development of the national economy.

　　Adhering to the socialist road, the people’s democratic dictatorship, the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership and Marxism–Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought are the foundation of our country. In the whole process of socialist modernization, we must adhere to the four cardinal principles and oppose bourgeois liberalization.

　　Persisting in reform and opening up is our road to becoming a strong country. Only through reform and opening up can we develop China, socialism and Marxism. It is necessary to comprehensively deepen reform, improve and develop the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. It is necessary to fundamentally reform the economic system that restricts the development of productive forces and adhere to and improve the socialist market economic system; In line with this, it is necessary to reform the political system and other fields. We should adhere to the basic national policy of opening to the outside world and absorb and learn from all the achievements of civilization created by human society. Reform and opening up should be bold in exploration and pioneering, improve the scientific nature of reform decision-making, pay more attention to the systematicness, integrity and coordination of reform, and create a new path in practice.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) led the people to develop the socialist market economy. Unswervingly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy and unswervingly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector of the economy. Give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, better play the role of the government, and establish a sound macro-control system. Coordinate urban and rural development, regional development, economic and social development, harmonious development between man and nature, domestic development and opening up, adjust economic structure, change economic development mode, and promote supply-side structural reform. Promote the synchronous development of new industrialization, informationization, urbanization and agricultural modernization, build a new socialist countryside, take the road of new industrialization with China characteristics, and build an innovative country and a world science and technology power.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) led the people in developing socialist democracy. Adhere to the organic unity of the party’s leadership, the people being the masters of the country and governing the country according to law, take the road of political development in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, expand socialist democracy, build a legal system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, build a socialist country ruled by law, consolidate the people’s democratic dictatorship and build a socialist political civilization. Adhere to and improve the system of people’s congresses, the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation led by the Communist Party of China (CPC), the system of regional ethnic autonomy and the system of grassroots mass autonomy. We will develop more extensive, full and sound people’s democracy, promote the extensive, multi-layered and institutionalized development of deliberative democracy, and effectively protect the people’s rights to manage state affairs and social affairs, and manage economic and cultural undertakings. Respect and protect human rights. Broadly open the way, establish and improve the systems and procedures of democratic election, democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision. Improve the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, strengthen the implementation of laws, and realize the rule of law in all state work.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) leads the people to develop advanced socialist culture. Building socialist spiritual civilization, combining the rule of law with the rule of virtue, improving the ideological and moral quality and scientific and cultural quality of the whole nation, providing strong ideological guarantee, spiritual motivation and intellectual support for reform, opening up and socialist modernization, and building a socialist cultural power. Strengthen the construction of the socialist core value system, adhere to the guiding ideology of Marxism, establish the common ideal of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, carry forward the national spirit with patriotism as the core and the spirit of the times with reform and innovation as the core, cultivate and practice the socialist core values, advocate the socialist concept of honor and disgrace, enhance national self-esteem, self-confidence and self-improvement, resist the erosion of decadent ideas of capitalism and feudalism, sweep away all kinds of social ugly phenomena, and strive to make our people become people with ideals, morality, culture and discipline. We should educate party member on the lofty ideals of communism. Vigorously develop education, science and culture, promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture, inherit revolutionary culture, develop advanced socialist culture and improve the soft power of national culture. Firmly grasp the leadership of ideological work, constantly consolidate the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field, and consolidate the common ideological foundation of the United struggle of the whole party and the people of the whole country.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) leads the people to build a harmonious socialist society. In accordance with the general requirements of democracy and the rule of law, fairness and justice, honesty and friendship, vitality, stability and order, and the principle of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, we will focus on safeguarding and improving people’s livelihood, solve the most concerned, direct and realistic interests of the people, make more and more development achievements benefit all the people fairly, continuously enhance the people’s sense of gain, and strive to form a situation in which all the people do their best and live in harmony. Strengthen and innovate social governance. Strictly distinguish and correctly handle two different kinds of contradictions, namely, the contradiction between ourselves and the enemy and the contradictions among the people. Strengthen the comprehensive management of social security, resolutely crack down on all kinds of criminal activities and criminals that endanger national security and interests, social stability and economic development, and maintain long-term social stability. Adhere to the overall concept of national security and resolutely safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) leads the people in building socialist ecological civilization. Establish the concept of ecological civilization of respecting nature, conforming to nature and protecting nature, enhance Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets’s consciousness, adhere to the basic national policy of saving resources and protecting the environment, adhere to the policy of giving priority to saving, giving priority to protection and restoring nature, and adhere to the civilized development path of production development, affluent life and good ecology. Efforts will be made to build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society, implement the strictest ecological environment protection system, form a spatial pattern, industrial structure, production mode and lifestyle of resource conservation and environmental protection, create a good production and living environment for the people, and realize the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) adheres to the absolute leadership of the People’s Liberation Army and other people’s armed forces, implements the supreme leader’s idea of strengthening the army, strengthens the construction of the People’s Liberation Army, persists in building the army politically, reforming and strengthening the army, developing the army through science and technology, and managing the army according to law, and builds a people’s army that listens to the party’s command, can win battles, and has a good style of work, so as to effectively ensure that the People’s Liberation Army effectively performs its mission and tasks in the new era and give full play to its role in consolidating national defense, defending the motherland and participating in socialist modernization.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) maintains and develops socialist ethnic relations of equality, solidarity, mutual assistance and harmony, actively cultivates and selects ethnic minority cadres, helps ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas to develop their economic, cultural and social undertakings, casts a solid sense of the Chinese nation community, and realizes the common unity, struggle and prosperity of all ethnic groups. We will fully implement the party’s basic principles for religious work and unite religious believers to make contributions to economic and social development.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) unites with the workers, peasants and intellectuals of all ethnic groups in China, with the patriotic forces of all democratic parties, personages without party affiliation and all ethnic groups, and further develops and expands the broadest patriotic United front composed of all socialist workers, builders of socialist cause, patriots who support socialism, patriots who support the reunification of the motherland and patriots who are committed to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Constantly strengthen the unity of the people of the whole country, including compatriots in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region, Taiwan Province and overseas Chinese. In accordance with the principle of "one country, two systems", we will promote the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong and Macao and accomplish the great cause of the reunification of the motherland.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) adheres to an independent foreign policy of peace, a path of peaceful development, an open strategy of mutual benefit and win-win, co-ordinates the overall situation at home and abroad, actively develops foreign relations, and strives for a favorable international environment for China’s reform, opening up and modernization. In international affairs, we should adhere to the correct concept of justice and interests, safeguard China’s independence and sovereignty, oppose hegemonism and power politics, safeguard world peace, promote human progress, promote the building of a community of human destiny, and promote the building of a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity. On the basis of the five principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence, we will develop China’s relations with other countries in the world. Constantly develop China’s good-neighborly and friendly relations with neighboring countries and strengthen unity and cooperation with developing countries. Follow the principle of mutual cooperation, joint construction and sharing, and promote the construction of the "Belt and Road". In accordance with the principles of independence, complete equality, mutual respect and non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, we will develop our Party’s relations with communist party and other political parties.

　　In order to lead the people of all ethnic groups in China to achieve the goal of "two hundred years" and realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the Communist Party of China (CPC) must closely focus on the party’s basic line, insist on the party’s management of the party, strengthen the party’s long-term ruling ability, advancement and purity, comprehensively promote the new great project of party building with the spirit of reform and innovation, and comprehensively promote the party’s political construction, ideological construction, organizational construction, work style construction and discipline under the guidance of the party’s political construction. Insist on building the party for the public and governing for the people, carry forward the party’s fine tradition and style of work, constantly improve the party’s leadership and ruling level, improve its ability to resist corruption, change and risks, constantly enhance its ability of self-purification, self-improvement, self-innovation and self-improvement, constantly strengthen its class foundation and expand its mass base, constantly improve its creativity, cohesion and combat effectiveness, and build a learning, service-oriented and innovative Marxist ruling party, so that our party will always Party building must resolutely realize the following five basic requirements:

　　First, adhere to the party’s basic line. The whole party should use Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents, Scientific Outlook on Development, the Supreme Leader’s New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought and the Party’s basic line to unify their thinking and actions, and unswervingly stick to it for a long time. We must unify reform and opening up with the Four Cardinal Principles, fully implement the Party’s basic line, oppose all "left" and right erroneous tendencies, and be wary of the right, but mainly prevent "left". Strengthen the construction of leading bodies at all levels, train and select good cadres needed by the party and the people, train and bring up millions of successors to the socialist cause, and ensure the implementation of the party’s basic theory, line and general plan organizationally.

　　Second, persist in emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, advancing with the times and being pragmatic. The party’s ideological line is to proceed from reality, integrate theory with practice, seek truth from facts, test truth and develop truth in practice. The whole Party must adhere to this ideological line, actively explore, boldly experiment, blaze new trails, creatively carry out work, constantly study new situations, sum up new experiences, solve new problems, enrich and develop Marxism in practice, and promote Marxism in China.

　　Third, persist in serving the people wholeheartedly. Apart from the interests of the working class and the overwhelming majority of the people, the Party has no special interests of its own. At all times, the Party puts the interests of the masses first, shares weal and woe with the masses, maintains the closest ties, insists that power is used by the people, affection is tied to the people, and benefits are sought for the people, and does not allow any party member to be divorced from the masses and be above them. The greatest political advantage of our party is to keep close contact with the masses, and the greatest danger after the party is in power is to be divorced from the masses. The party’s style of work and the relationship between the party and the people are issues that affect the life and death of the party. The Party implements the mass line in its own work, doing everything for the masses, relying on the masses, coming from the masses and going to the masses, and turning the Party’s correct ideas into the conscious actions of the masses.

　　Fourth, adhere to democratic centralism. Democratic centralism is a combination of centralism on the basis of democracy and democracy under the guidance of centralism. It is not only the party’s fundamental organizational principle, but also the application of the mass line in the party’s life. We must give full play to inner-party democracy, respect party member’s dominant position, safeguard party member’s democratic rights, and give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of party organizations at all levels and party member. We must implement correct centralization, firmly establish political consciousness, overall situation consciousness, core consciousness and conformity consciousness, firmly safeguard the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the supreme leader as the core, ensure the unity and unity of the whole party and the unity of actions, and ensure the rapid and effective implementation of the party’s decisions. Strengthen and standardize the political life within the party, enhance the political nature, times, principles and militancy of the political life within the party, develop a positive and healthy political culture within the party, and create a good political ecology with a clean atmosphere. The Party correctly carries out criticism and self-criticism in its own political life, struggles ideologically on the issue of principle, upholds the truth and corrects mistakes. Strive to create a political situation that is both centralized and democratic, disciplined and free, with a unified will and a happy and lively individual.

　　Fifth, adhere to the strict management of the party. Strictly administering the party in an all-round way is always on the road. Under the new situation, the test of governance, reform and opening up, market economy and external environment faced by the party is long-term, complex and severe, and the danger of mental slack, lack of ability, separation from the masses and negative corruption is more acute in front of the whole party. Strict standards and strict measures should run through the whole process and all aspects of managing the party. Adhere to the rule of the party, treat both the symptoms and the root causes, persist in putting discipline ahead, strengthen organizational discipline, and everyone is equal before the party’s discipline. Strengthen the main responsibility and supervision responsibility of managing the party, strengthen the supervision of the party’s leading organs and leading cadres in party member, especially leading cadres, and constantly improve the inner-party supervision system. We will further promote the building of a clean and honest party style and the fight against corruption, punish corruption with a zero-tolerance attitude, and build an effective mechanism that does not dare to rot, cannot rot, and does not want to rot.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership is the most essential feature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest advantage of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system. Party, government, military and civilian studies, east, west, north and south, the party is the leader of everything. The Party should adapt to the requirements of reform, opening up and socialist modernization, adhere to scientific, democratic and legal governance, and strengthen and improve its leadership. The party must play a leading role in various organizations at the same level in accordance with the principle of overall situation and coordination of all parties. The Party must concentrate on leading economic construction, organize and coordinate all forces, make concerted efforts, carry out work around economic construction and promote all-round economic and social development. The Party must implement democratic and scientific decision-making, formulate and implement correct lines, principles and policies, do a good job in Party organization and publicity and education, and give full play to the vanguard and exemplary role of all party member. The Party must act within the scope of the Constitution and laws. The party must ensure that the state’s legislative, judicial, administrative and supervisory organs, economic and cultural organizations and people’s organizations work actively, independently and responsibly, and in a coordinated manner. The party must strengthen its leadership over trade unions, communist youth leagues, women’s federations and other mass organizations, so that they can maintain and enhance their political, advanced and mass nature and give full play to their roles. The Party must adapt to the development and changes of the situation, improve the leadership system, improve the leadership style and enhance its ruling ability. Communist party member must work closely with the non-party masses and work together to build Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

The first chapter party member

　　Article 1 China workers, peasants, soldiers, intellectuals and advanced elements of other social strata who have reached the age of 18, recognize the Party’s program and articles of association, and are willing to join an organization of the Party, actively work in it, implement the Party’s resolutions and pay party dues on time, may apply to join the Communist Party of China (CPC).

　　Article 2 members of the Communist Party of China (CPC) is a pioneer fighter with communist consciousness of the working class in China.

　　Members of the Communist Party of China (CPC) must serve the people wholeheartedly, at the expense of everything, and strive for the realization of communism all his life.

　　Members of the Communist Party of China (CPC) will always be an ordinary member of the working people. Except for personal interests and work authority within the scope of laws and policies, all Communist party member shall not seek any personal interests and privileges.

　　Article 3 party member must fulfill the following obligations:

　　(a) seriously study Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents, Scientific Outlook on Development, the supreme leader of the new era Socialism with Chinese characteristics thought, study the party’s line, principles, policies and resolutions, study the party’s basic knowledge, study science, culture, law and business knowledge, and strive to improve the ability to serve the people.

　　(2) Implement the Party’s basic line, principles and policies, take the lead in reform, opening up and socialist modernization, drive the masses to work hard for economic development and social progress, and play a vanguard and exemplary role in production, work, study and social life.

　　(three) adhere to the interests of the party and the people above all else, personal interests subordinate to the interests of the party and the people, suffering first, enjoying later, self-denial, and making more contributions.

　　(4) Consciously abide by the party’s discipline, first of all, the party’s political discipline and rules, abide by the laws and regulations of the state, strictly observe the secrets of the Conservative Party and the state, implement the party’s decisions, obey the organization and distribution, and actively complete the party’s tasks.

　　(5) Maintain the unity and unity of the Party, be loyal and honest to the Party, match words with deeds, resolutely oppose all factional organizations and clique activities, and oppose double-dealing and all intrigues.

　　(6) Effectively carry out criticism and self-criticism, dare to expose and correct words and deeds that violate the Party’s principles and shortcomings and mistakes in work, and resolutely fight against negative corruption.

　　(7) Keep close contact with the masses, publicize the Party’s ideas to the masses, consult with the masses when something happens, reflect the opinions and demands of the masses to the Party in a timely manner, and safeguard the legitimate interests of the masses.

　　(8) Carry forward the new socialist fashion, take the lead in practicing socialist core values and socialist concept of honor and disgrace, advocate communist morality, carry forward the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, and stand up and fight bravely at all difficult and dangerous times in order to protect the interests of the country and the people.

　　Article 4 party member enjoys the following rights:

　　(1) Attend relevant meetings of the Party, read relevant documents of the Party, and receive Party education and training.

　　(2) To participate in discussions on the policies of the Party at Party meetings and in Party newspapers and periodicals.

　　(3) To put forward suggestions and initiatives on the work of the Party.

　　(4) Criticizing any Party organization and any party member at Party meetings, exposing and exposing to the Party the fact that any Party organization and any party member violated the law and discipline responsibly, demanding that party member, who violated the law and discipline, be punished and that incompetent cadres be removed or replaced.

　　(five) to exercise the right to vote and vote, and to be elected.

　　(6) I have the right to take part in and defend party member when the Party organization discusses and decides to punish him or make an appraisal, and other party member can testify and defend him.

　　(7) If you have different opinions on the party’s resolutions and policies, you can declare reservations on the premise of resolutely implementing them, and you can put your own opinions to the party’s higher-level organizations and even the Central Committee.

　　(8) To make requests, appeals and accusations to the Party’s higher-level organizations and even to the Central Committee, and ask the relevant organizations to give responsible answers.

　　Party organizations at any level up to the Central Committee have no right to deprive party member of the above rights.

　　Article 5 To develop party member, we must put political standards in the first place and stick to the principle of individual absorption through Party branches.

　　Those who apply to join the Party should fill in the application form for joining the Party, and have two official party member as references. They must be approved by the branch meeting and the higher party organization, and they can become the official party member after the preparatory inspection.

　　Introducers should carefully understand the applicant’s thought, quality, experience and work performance, explain to him the party’s program and articles of association, explain party member’s conditions, obligations and rights, and make a responsible report to the party organization.

　　Party branch committees should pay attention to soliciting the opinions of relevant people inside and outside the Party and conduct strict examination on those who apply to join the Party, and then submit them to the Party branch meeting for discussion.

　　Before approving the applicant to join the Party, the Party organizations at higher levels should send people to talk with him, make a further understanding and help him to improve his understanding of the Party.

　　Under special circumstances, the Central Committee of the Party and the committees of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may directly accept party member.

　　Article 6 To prepare for party member, party flag must be sworn in as a Party member. The oath is as follows: I volunteer to join the Communist Party of China (CPC), support the party’s program, abide by the party’s constitution, fulfill the obligations of party members, implement the party’s decisions, strictly observe the party’s discipline, keep the secrets of the Conservative Party, be loyal to the party, work actively, fight for communism for life, and be ready to sacrifice everything for the party and the people at any time, and never betray the party.

　　Article 7 The preparation period for preparing party member is one year. Party organizations should seriously educate and inspect the preparations for party member.

　　The obligation to prepare party member is the same as that of formal party member. The right to prepare for party member is the same as that of formal party member, except that it has no right to vote, vote and stand for election.

　　When the preparatory period for party member expires, the Party branch shall discuss in time whether he can become a formal party member. Seriously fulfill the obligations of party members, with the conditions of party member, it should be turned into a formal party member on schedule; Need to continue investigation and education, can extend the preparatory period, but not more than one year; Those who fail to fulfill their obligations as Party members and do not meet the requirements of party member shall be disqualified from preparing for party member. Preparing party member to become a formal party member, or extending the preparatory period, or canceling the qualification of preparing party member, should be discussed and approved by the branch meeting and approved by the higher party organizations.

　　The preparatory period for preparing party member is counted from the date when the Party branch meeting approved him to prepare for party member. Party member’s party age is counted from the date when the preparatory period expires and he becomes a formal party member.

　　Article 8 Every party member, regardless of his position, must join a branch, group or other specific organization of the Party, participate in the organizational life of the Party, and accept the supervision of the masses inside and outside the Party. Party member leading cadres must also participate in democratic life meetings of Party committees and leading groups. There is no special party member who does not participate in the party’s organizational life and does not accept the supervision of the masses inside and outside the party.

　　Article 9 party member has the freedom to quit the Party. Party member asked to quit the party, it should be announced by the branch meeting after discussion, and reported to the higher party organizations for the record.

　　Party member lacks revolutionary will, fails to fulfill his obligations as a party member, and does not meet the conditions of party member. The Party branch should educate him and ask him to make corrections within a time limit; If he has not changed after education, he should be advised to quit the party. To persuade party member to quit the Party, it should be discussed and decided by the branch meeting and reported to the higher party organization for approval. If party member, who has been advised to quit the Party, insists on not quitting, he shall be submitted to the Party branch meeting for discussion and decided to remove him from the Party, and reported to the higher party organization for approval.

　　If party member fails to participate in the Party’s organizational life for six consecutive months without justifiable reasons, or fails to pay membership dues, or fails to do the work assigned by the Party, he is considered to have left the Party by himself. The Party branch meeting shall decide to remove such party member from the list and report it to the higher party organization for approval.

Chapter II Organizational System of the Party

　　Article 10 The Party is a unified whole organized according to its own program and articles of association and democratic centralism. The basic principles of the party’s democratic centralism are:

　　(1) Individuals in party member are subordinate to Party organizations, the minority to the majority, lower organizations to higher organizations, and all organizations in the Party and all party member to the Party’s National Congress and the Central Committee.

　　(2) The leading organs of the Party at all levels, except their representative organs and leading groups in non-party organizations, are all elected.

　　(3) The highest leading organ of the Party is the National Congress of the Party and its Central Committee. The local leading organs of the Party at all levels are the local Party congresses at all levels and their committees. Party committees at all levels are responsible and report their work to the congresses at the same level.

　　(4) The Party’s higher-level organizations should always listen to the opinions of lower-level organizations and the masses in party member, and solve their problems in a timely manner. The party’s lower organizations should not only ask for instructions and report their work to the higher organizations, but also independently and responsibly solve problems within their own responsibilities. The superior and subordinate organizations should exchange information, support and supervise each other. Party organizations at all levels should make Party affairs public according to regulations, so that party member can have more understanding and participation in Party affairs.

　　(5) Party committees at all levels implement the system of combining collective leadership with individual responsibility. All major issues should be discussed collectively and decided by the Party Committee in accordance with the principles of collective leadership, democratic centralism, individual deliberation and meeting decision. Committee members should earnestly perform their duties according to the collective decision and division of labor.

　　(6) The Party prohibits any form of personal worship. It is necessary to ensure that the activities of party leaders are under the supervision of the party and the people, and at the same time safeguard the prestige of all leaders who represent the interests of the party and the people.

　　Article 11 The election of deputies and committees to Party congresses at all levels should reflect the will of the electors. The election was held by secret ballot. The list of candidates should be fully discussed by party organizations and voters. The formal election can be directly conducted by the difference election method in which the number of candidates is more than the number of candidates to be elected. You can also use the method of differential election to conduct pre-selection, produce a list of candidates, and then conduct formal elections. Voters have the right to know about the candidates, to ask for a change of candidates, not to choose any candidate and to choose others. No organization or individual may in any way force voters to vote or not to vote for someone.

　　If the election of local Party congresses and grass-roots congresses violates party constitution, the Party committee at the next higher level shall, after investigation and verification, make a decision that the election is invalid and take corresponding measures, report it to the Party committee at the next higher level for examination and approval, and formally announce its implementation.

　　Deputies to the Party’s congresses at all levels shall practise a term system.

　　Article 12 The Party’s central and local committees at all levels shall convene meetings of representatives when necessary to discuss and decide on major issues that need to be resolved in time. The number of deputies to the conference and the method for their formation shall be decided by the committee that convened the conference.

　　Article 13 The establishment of a new party organization or the dissolution of the original party organization must be decided by the party organization at a higher level.

　　When the local party congresses at various levels and grass-roots congresses are not in session, the party organizations at higher levels may mobilize or assign the responsible persons of the party organizations at lower levels when they think it necessary.

　　The party’s central and local committees at all levels may send representative organs.

　　Article 14 The Central Committee of the Party and the committees of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall implement a patrol system, and within a term of office, the party organizations of the localities, departments, enterprises and institutions under their management shall be fully covered.

　　Party groups (party committees) of relevant ministries and commissions of the central government and state organs and departments carry out inspections according to the needs of their work.

　　The party’s municipal (prefecture, league) and county (city, district, flag) committees establish inspection systems.

　　Article 15 When making decisions on important issues related to subordinate organizations, the leading organs of the Party at all levels should, under normal circumstances, seek the opinions of subordinate organizations. It is necessary to ensure that subordinate organizations can exercise their functions and powers normally. If there are no special circumstances, the leading organs at higher levels should not interfere with any problems that should be handled by lower-level organizations.

　　Sixteenth major national policy issues, only the CPC Central Committee has the right to make decisions, and party organizations in various departments and localities can make suggestions to the Central Committee, but they are not allowed to make decisions and express their opinions to the outside world without authorization.

　　The lower party organizations must resolutely implement the decisions of the higher party organizations. If the subordinate organization thinks that the decision of the superior organization is not in line with the actual situation of the region and department, it can request changes; If the superior organization insists on the original decision, the subordinate organization must implement it, and shall not publicly express different opinions, but has the right to report to the organization at the next higher level.

　　Newspapers and other propaganda tools organized by the Party at all levels must publicize the Party’s line, principles, policies and resolutions.

　　Article 17 Party organizations must implement the principle that the minority is subordinate to the majority when discussing and deciding issues. Decide on important issues and vote on them. We should seriously consider the different opinions of a few people. If there is a dispute on an important issue, and the number of the two sides is close, except in case of emergency, the decision should be postponed, further investigation and study should be carried out, and opinions should be exchanged, and the vote should be held next time; Under special circumstances, the dispute can also be reported to the superior organization for a ruling.

　　Party member personally expressed important opinions on behalf of the Party organization, and if it is beyond the scope of the party organization’s existing decisions, it must be submitted to the party organization where it is located for discussion and decision, or ask for instructions from the higher party organization. No party member, regardless of his position, can personally decide major issues; In case of emergency, when a decision must be made by an individual, it should be reported to the party organization quickly afterwards. No leader is allowed to practice personal arbitrariness and put individuals above organizations.

　　Article 18 The Party’s central, local and grass-roots organizations must attach importance to Party building, often discuss and check the Party’s propaganda work, education work, organization work, discipline inspection work, mass work and United front work, and pay attention to studying the ideological and political situation inside and outside the Party.

Chapter III Central Organization of the Party

　　Article 19 The National Congress of the Party is held every five years and convened by the Central Committee. The National Congress may be held in advance if the Central Committee deems it necessary, or if more than one third of provincial organizations request it; If there are no extraordinary circumstances, it shall not be postponed.

　　The number of deputies to the National Congress and the method of election shall be decided by the Central Committee.

　　Article 20 The functions and powers of the Party’s National Congress are:

　　(1) To hear and examine the report of the Central Committee;

　　(2) Examining the report of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection;

　　(3) To discuss and decide on major issues of the Party;

　　(4) amending the party’s articles of association;

　　(5) Electing the Central Committee;

　　(6) Electing the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.

　　Article 21 The functions and powers of the Party’s National Congress are: to discuss and decide on major issues; Adjust and co-elect some members of the Central Committee and the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. The amount of adjustment and co-election of Central Committee members and alternate Central Committee members shall not exceed one-fifth of the total number of Central Committee members and alternate Central Committee members elected by the Party’s National Congress.

　　Article 22 The term of office of the Central Committee of the Party is five years. If the National Congress is held in advance or postponed, its term of office will change accordingly. Members and alternate members of the Central Committee must have a Party standing of five years or more. The number of members and alternate members of the Central Committee shall be determined by the National Congress. Vacancies on the Central Committee shall be filled by its alternate members in the order of the number of votes by which they were elected.

　　The plenary session of the Central Committee is convened by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and held at least once a year. The Political Bureau of the Central Committee reports his work to the plenary session of the Central Committee and accepts supervision.

　　When the National Congress is not in session, the Central Committee implements the resolutions of the National Congress, leads all the work of the Party and represents the Communist Party of China (CPC).

　　Article 23 the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Party shall be elected by the plenary session of the Central Committee. The general secretary of the Central Committee must be elected from the members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee.

　　The Political Bureau of the Central Committee and its Standing Committee exercise the functions and powers of the Central Committee when the plenary session of the Central Committee is not in session.

　　The Central Secretariat is the office of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and its Standing Committee; Members were nominated by Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and adopted by the plenary session of the Central Committee.

　　The General Secretary of the Central Committee is responsible for convening meetings in Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party and Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and presiding over the work of the Central Secretariat.

　　The composition of the Party’s the Central Military Commission (CMC) is decided by the Central Committee, and the Central Military Commission (CMC) implements the chairman responsibility system.

　　The central leading bodies and leaders produced by each Central Committee will continue to preside over the party’s regular work during the next session of the National Congress until the next Central Committee produces new central leading bodies and leaders.

　　Article 24 Party organizations of the China People’s Liberation Army shall work according to the instructions of the Central Committee. The Central Military Commission (CMC) is responsible for the Party’s work and political work in the army, and stipulates the Party’s organizational system and institutions in the army.

Chapter IV Local Organization of the Party

　　Article 25 The Party’s congresses of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, cities divided into districts and autonomous prefectures, and counties (flags), autonomous counties, cities not divided into districts and municipal districts are held every five years.

　　Local Party congresses at all levels are convened by Party committees at the same level. Under special circumstances, it may be held in advance or postponed with the approval of the next higher committee.

　　The number of deputies to the Party’s local congresses at various levels and the method of election shall be decided by the Party committee at the same level and reported to the Party committee at the next higher level for approval.

　　Article 26 The functions and powers of local party congresses at various levels are:

　　(a) to listen to and review the report of the Committee at the same level;

　　(two) review the report of the Commission for Discipline Inspection at the same level;

　　(three) to discuss major issues within the scope of the region and make resolutions;

　　(4) Electing Party committees at the same level and Party discipline inspection committees at the same level.

　　Article 27 The term of office of Party committees in provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, cities divided into districts and autonomous prefectures is five years. Members and alternate members of these committees must have been party members for more than five years.

　　Party committees in counties (banners), autonomous counties, cities not divided into districts and municipal districts are elected for a term of five years. The members and alternate members of these committees must have been party members for more than three years.

　　If the local party congresses at all levels are held in advance or postponed, the term of office of the committees elected by them will change accordingly.

　　The number of members and alternate members of local Party committees at all levels shall be decided by the committees at the next higher level. Vacancies among members of local Party committees at all levels shall be filled by alternate members according to the number of votes.

　　Plenary meetings of local Party committees at all levels are held at least twice a year.

　　When the Congress is not in session, the local Party committees at all levels carry out the instructions of the Party organizations at higher levels and the resolutions of the Congress at the same level, lead local work, and report their work to the Party committees at higher levels on a regular basis.

　　Twenty-eighth plenary sessions of local party committees at all levels elect their standing committees, secretaries and deputy secretaries, and report them to the party committees at higher levels for approval. The standing committees of local party committees at all levels exercise the functions and powers of the Committee when the plenary session of the Committee is not in session; During the meeting of the next Congress, he will continue to preside over the regular work until the new Standing Committee is formed.

　　The standing committees of local party committees at all levels regularly report their work to the plenary session of the Committee and accept supervision.

　　Article 29 The Party’s regional committees and organizations equivalent to regional committees are representative organs dispatched by the Party’s provincial and autonomous regional committees in several counties, autonomous counties and cities. It leads the work in this area under the authorization of the provincial and autonomous region committees.

Chapter V Grassroots Organizations of the Party

　　Thirtieth enterprises, rural areas, government agencies, schools, scientific research institutes, street communities, social organizations, companies of the People’s Liberation Army and other grass-roots units, where there are more than three official party member, should establish grass-roots organizations of the party.

　　According to the needs of work and the number of people in party member, the Party’s grass-roots organizations set up the Party’s grass-roots committees, general branch committees and branch committees with the approval of the higher-level party organizations. Grassroots committees are elected by general party membership meeting or the Congress, while general branch committees and branch committees are elected by general party membership meeting. Candidates for membership should be widely consulted by party member and the masses.

　　Article 31 The term of office of the Party’s grass-roots committees, general branch committees and branch committees is three to five years. The secretaries and deputy secretaries of grass-roots committees, general branch committees and branch committees, after being elected, shall be reported to the higher party organizations for approval.

　　Article 32 The Party’s grass-roots organizations are the fighting bastion of the Party among social grass-roots organizations, and the basis of all the Party’s work and combat effectiveness. Its basic tasks are:

　　(a) to publicize and implement the party’s line, principles and policies, publicize and implement the resolutions of the CPC Central Committee, the higher-level organizations and the organization, give full play to party member’s vanguard and exemplary role, actively strive for excellence, unite and organize cadres and the masses inside and outside the party, and strive to complete the tasks undertaken by the unit.

　　(2) Organize party member to seriously study Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents, Scientific Outlook on Development and Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, promote the normalization and institutionalization of "two studies and one doing" study and education, learn the party’s line, principles, policies and resolutions, learn the party’s basic knowledge, and learn scientific, cultural, legal and professional knowledge.

　　(3) Educate, manage, supervise and serve party member, improve the quality of party member, strengthen ideals and beliefs, strengthen party spirit, strictly organize the life of the party, carry out criticism and self-criticism, maintain and enforce the party’s discipline, supervise party member to earnestly fulfill its obligations, and ensure that party member’s rights are not infringed. Strengthen and improve the management of mobile party member.

　　(four) close contact with the masses, often understand the criticism and opinions of the masses on the work of party member and the party, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the masses, and do a good job in the ideological and political work of the masses.

　　(5) Give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of party member and the masses, discover, cultivate and recommend outstanding talents among them, and encourage and support them to contribute their talents in reform, opening up and socialist modernization.

　　(6) Educate and train activists who want to join the Party, do a good job in the regular development of party member, and attach importance to the development of party member in the front line of production and work and among young people.

　　(seven) to supervise party member cadres and any other staff to strictly abide by the laws and regulations of the state, strictly abide by the financial and economic regulations and personnel system of the state, and shall not encroach on the interests of the state, the collective and the masses.

　　(8) Educate party member and the masses to consciously resist unhealthy tendencies and resolutely fight against all kinds of violations of discipline and law.

　　Thirty-third street, township and town party committees and village and community party organizations, leading the local work and grass-roots social governance, support and ensure that administrative organizations, economic organizations and mass autonomous organizations fully exercise their functions and powers.

　　Party committees (party groups) of state-owned enterprises play a leading role, take the direction, manage the overall situation and ensure the implementation, and discuss and decide major issues of enterprises in accordance with regulations. Grass-roots Party organizations in state-owned enterprises and collective enterprises carry out their work around the production and operation of enterprises. Ensure and supervise the implementation of the principles and policies of the party and the state in this enterprise; Support the shareholders’ meeting, the board of directors, the board of supervisors and the manager (factory director) to exercise their functions and powers according to law; Rely on the masses of workers and support the work of the workers’ congress wholeheartedly; Participate in the decision-making of major issues of enterprises; Strengthen the self-construction of party organizations and lead ideological and political work, spiritual civilization construction and trade unions, the Communist Youth League and other group organizations.

　　Grass-roots organizations of the Party in non-public economic organizations implement the Party’s principles and policies, guide and supervise enterprises to abide by national laws and regulations, lead trade unions, the Communist Youth League and other mass organizations, unite and unite the masses of workers, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of all parties, and promote the healthy development of enterprises.

　　Grass-roots Party organizations in social organizations publicize and implement the Party’s line, principles and policies, lead trade unions, the Communist Youth League and other mass organizations, educate and manage party member, lead in serving the masses, and promote career development.

　　Grass-roots organizations of the Party in institutions that implement the responsibility system of administrative leaders play the role of fighting bastion. Grass-roots organizations of the Party in institutions that implement the responsibility system for administrative leaders under the leadership of the Party Committee discuss and make decisions on major issues, and at the same time ensure that administrative leaders fully exercise their functions and powers.

　　Party organizations at all levels and grass-roots organizations of the Party in state organs assist the administrative leaders to complete their tasks and improve their work, educate, manage and supervise every party member, including the administrative leaders, and do not lead the business work of their own units.

　　Article 34 The Party branch is the basic organization of the Party, and is responsible for directly educating party member, managing party member, supervising party member, organizing, publicizing, rallying and serving the masses.

Chapter VI Party cadres

　　Thirty-fifth party cadres are the backbone of the party’s cause and the public servants of the people, and they should be loyal and clean. The Party selects cadres according to the principle of having both ability and political integrity and putting morality first, adheres to all corners of the country, appoints people on their merits, puts career first, is fair and upright, opposes cronyism, and strives to realize the revolutionization, youthfulness, knowledge and specialization of cadres.

　　The Party attaches great importance to education, training, selection, assessment and supervision of cadres, especially the training and selection of outstanding young cadres. Actively promote the reform of the cadre system.

　　The party attaches importance to training and selecting female cadres and minority cadres.

　　Article 36 Leading cadres at all levels of the Party must have firm convictions, serve the people, be diligent and pragmatic, dare to take responsibility, be honest and clean, and perform the obligations of party member as stipulated in Article 3 of the Articles of Association in an exemplary manner, and must meet the following basic conditions:

　　(1) Having the level of Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents and Scientific Outlook on Development required to perform their duties, taking the lead in implementing the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, trying to analyze and solve practical problems with Marxist standpoints, viewpoints and methods, persisting in stressing study, politics and righteousness, and being able to stand the test of various storms.

　　(2) Having the lofty ideal of communism and the firm belief of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, resolutely implementing the Party’s basic line, principles and policies, determined to reform and open up, devoted to the cause of modernization, working hard in socialist construction, establishing a correct outlook on political achievements, and making achievements that can stand the test of practice, people and history.

　　(3) Persisting in emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, advancing with the times, pioneering and innovating, and earnestly investigating and studying, we can combine the Party’s principles and policies with the reality of our region and department, carry out our work effectively, tell the truth, do practical things and seek practical results.

　　(four) have a strong sense of revolutionary dedication and political responsibility, practical experience, organizational ability, cultural level and professional knowledge.

　　(5) correctly exercise the rights entrusted by the people, adhere to principles, act in accordance with the law, be honest and upright, be diligent for the people, set an example, be hard-working and simple, keep close contact with the masses, adhere to the party’s mass line, consciously accept the criticism and supervision of the party and the masses, strengthen moral cultivation, stress party spirit, pay attention to conduct, set an example, be self-respecting, introspective, self-vigilant, and self-motivated, and oppose formalism and bureaucracy.

　　(6) Adhere to and safeguard the party’s democratic centralism, have a democratic style of work, have an overall concept, and be good at uniting comrades, including those who have different opinions.

　　Thirty-seventh party member cadres should be good at working with non-party cadres, respect them, and learn from their strengths with an open mind.

　　Party organizations at all levels should be good at discovering and recommending non-Party cadres with real talents and practical knowledge to take leadership positions, ensuring that they have the right to hold positions and give full play to their roles.

　　Article 38 The leading cadres at all levels of the Party, whether democratically elected or appointed by leading organs, are not lifelong and can be changed or dismissed.

　　Cadres whose age and health are not suitable for continuing to work shall retire in accordance with the provisions of the state.

Chapter VII Party Discipline

　　Article 39 Party discipline is a code of conduct that Party organizations at all levels and all party member must abide by, and it is a guarantee for safeguarding the unity and unity of the Party and accomplishing its tasks. Party organizations must strictly enforce and maintain Party discipline, and Communist party member must consciously accept the constraints of Party discipline.

　　Article 40 Party discipline mainly includes political discipline, organizational discipline, honesty discipline, mass discipline, work discipline and life discipline.

　　Insist on learning from the past and saving lives, be strict in discipline, investigate violations, grasp early and small, and prevent delays, and give criticism and education until disciplinary action according to the nature and seriousness of mistakes. Using the "four forms" of supervision and discipline, "blushing and sweating" has become the norm, and disciplinary action and organizational adjustment have become important means to manage the party. party member, who has seriously violated discipline and criminal law, must be expelled from the party.

　　It is strictly forbidden to treat party member in violation of the laws of party constitution and the state, and it is strictly forbidden to take revenge and falsely accuse and frame up. Organizations or individuals who violate these regulations must be investigated by the party’s discipline and national laws.

　　Article 41 There are five kinds of disciplinary actions against party member: warning, severe warning, revocation of post in the Party, probation in the Party and expulsion from the Party.

　　The longest probation period is no more than two years. Party member has no right to vote, to vote and to stand for election during the probation period. If party member has indeed corrected his mistakes after staying in the party for inspection, he shall restore his right to party member; Those who persist in correcting their mistakes should be expelled from the party.

　　Expelling from the party is the highest punishment within the party. Party organizations at all levels should comprehensively study relevant materials and opinions and adopt a very cautious attitude when deciding or approving the expulsion of party member from Party membership.

　　Forty-second disciplinary action against party member must be discussed and decided by the party branch meeting and reported to the party’s grassroots Committee for approval; If the issues involved are more important or complicated, or party member is dismissed from the Party, it should be reported to the Party’s Disciplinary Inspection Committee at or above the county level for examination and approval according to different situations. Under special circumstances, Party committees and discipline inspection committees at or above the county level have the right to directly decide to give disciplinary action to party member.

　　Members and alternate members of the Central Committee of the Party shall be given warnings and severe warnings, which shall be reviewed by the Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and reported to the Party Central Committee for approval. Warning and severe warning should be given to members and alternate members of local party committees at all levels, which should be approved by the discipline inspection Committee at the next higher level and reported to the party Committee at the same level for the record.

　　For members and alternate members of the Central Committee of the Party and local committees at all levels, the punishment of dismissal from the Party, probation in the Party or expulsion from the Party must be decided by a majority of more than two-thirds of the plenary meetings of the Committee to which I belong. When the plenary session is not in session, the Standing Committee of the the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and local committees at all levels may make a decision on handling the matter, which will be ratified when the plenary session of the Committee is convened. The above-mentioned sanctions against members and alternate members of local committees at all levels must be considered by the Standing Committee of the higher-level Commission for Discipline Inspection, which shall report to the Party Committee at the same level for approval.

　　The Political Bureau of the Central Committee decided to expel members and alternate members of the Central Committee who seriously violated the criminal law; Members and alternate members of local committees at various levels who seriously violate the criminal law shall be expelled from the Party membership by the Standing Committee of the Committee at the same level.

　　Article 43 When making a disciplinary decision against party member, the Party organization shall seek truth from facts. The facts and materials on which the punishment decision is based and the punishment decision must meet with me and listen to my explanation and defense. If I am not satisfied with the punishment decision, I can lodge a complaint, and the relevant party organizations must be responsible for handling it or transmitting it quickly, and shall not withhold it. Those who really insist on wrong opinions and unreasonable demands should be criticized and educated.

　　Article 44 Party organizations must be held accountable if they neglect their duties in maintaining party discipline.

　　For party organizations that seriously violate party discipline and cannot be corrected by themselves, the party committee at the next higher level shall, after checking and verifying, make a decision on reorganization or dissolution according to the seriousness of the circumstances, and report it to the party committee at the next higher level for examination and approval, and formally announce its implementation.

Chapter VIII Party’s Discipline Inspection Organs

　　Article 45 The Party’s Central Commission for Discipline Inspection conducts its work under the leadership of the Party’s Central Committee. The party’s local discipline inspection committees at all levels and grass-roots discipline inspection committees work under the dual leadership of the party committees at the same level and the discipline inspection committees at higher levels. The Party’s Disciplinary Inspection Committee at a higher level strengthens its leadership over the Disciplinary Inspection Committee at a lower level.

　　The term of office of the Party’s disciplinary inspection committees at all levels is the same as that of the Party committees at the same level.

　　The plenary session of the Party’s Central Commission for Discipline Inspection elects the Standing Committee and the secretary and deputy secretary, and reports them to the Party’s Central Committee for approval. The party’s local disciplinary inspection committees at all levels elect their standing committees, secretaries and deputy secretaries, which are adopted by the party committees at the same level and reported to the party committees at higher levels for approval. Whether the Party’s grass-roots committee should set up a disciplinary inspection committee or a disciplinary inspection committee shall be decided by the Party organization at the next higher level according to the specific situation. The Party’s general branch committee and branch committee shall have discipline inspection members.

　　The party’s central and local discipline inspection committees have fully stationed the party’s discipline inspection team to the party and state organs at the same level. The head of the discipline inspection team attended the relevant meetings organized by the leading party in the department. Their work must be supported by the leading organizations of the Party in this organ.

　　Article 46 The Party’s disciplinary inspection committees at all levels are specialized organs for inner-party supervision. Their main tasks are: to safeguard the Party’s constitution and other inner-party laws and regulations, to check the implementation of the Party’s line, principles, policies and resolutions, and to assist the Party’s committees in promoting the comprehensive and strict administration of the Party, strengthening the party style construction and organizing and coordinating anti-corruption work.

　　The party’s disciplinary inspection committees at all levels are responsible for supervision, discipline and accountability. They should always educate party member about discipline and make decisions on safeguarding party discipline; Supervise the party organizations and leading cadres in party member to perform their duties and exercise their powers, accept and dispose of reports from the people in party member, and carry out conversation reminders, interviews and letters; To examine and deal with important or complicated cases in which Party organizations and party member violate the Party’s articles of association and other internal laws and regulations, and decide or cancel the punishment of party member in these cases; Accountability or suggestions for accountability; Accepting complaints and complaints from party member; Safeguard the rights of party member.

　　Disciplinary inspection committees at all levels should report the problems and results of handling particularly important or complicated cases to the party committees at the same level. The party’s local discipline inspection committees at all levels and the grass-roots discipline inspection committees should report to the higher-level discipline inspection committees at the same time.

　　Disciplinary inspection committees at all levels may conduct preliminary verification when they find that members of the Party committees at the same level have violated the Party’s discipline. If it is necessary to put on record for inspection, they shall report to the Party committees at the same level and to the disciplinary inspection committees at the next higher level. Those involving the Standing Committee members shall be reported to the Commission for Discipline Inspection at the next higher level for preliminary verification, and those requiring review shall be reported to the Party Committee at the same level for approval.

　　Article 47 The superior commission for discipline inspection has the right to inspect the work of the subordinate commission for discipline inspection and to approve and change the decisions made by the subordinate commission for discipline inspection on cases. If the decision of the lower disciplinary inspection committee to be changed has been approved by the party committee at the same level, such change must be approved by the party committee at the next higher level.

　　If the party’s local disciplinary inspection committees at all levels and the grassroots disciplinary inspection committees have different opinions on the decision of the party committees at the same level to handle cases, they may request the disciplinary inspection committees at the next higher level to review them; If it is found that the Party committee at the same level or its members have violated the Party’s discipline, when the Party committee at the same level fails to solve it or give it a correct solution, it has the right to lodge a complaint with the superior Commission for Discipline Inspection and ask for assistance in handling it.

Chapter IX Party Group

　　Article 48 Party groups may be established in the leading organs of central and local state organs, people’s organizations, economic organizations, cultural organizations and other non-party organizations. The party group plays a leading role. The task of the party group is mainly to implement the party’s line, principles and policies; Strengthen leadership over party building in this unit and fulfill the responsibility of strictly administering the party in an all-round way; Discuss and decide on major issues of the unit; Do a good job in cadre management; Discuss and decide on important matters such as the establishment, adjustment and development of party member and the punishment of party member in grass-roots party organizations; Unite non-party cadres and the masses to complete the tasks assigned by the party and the state; Work of Party organizations of leading organs and directly affiliated units.

　　Forty-ninth members of the party group shall be decided by the party organization that approved the establishment of the party group. The party group shall have a secretary and, if necessary, a deputy secretary.

　　The party group must obey the leadership of the party organization that approved its establishment.

　　Article 50 State departments that exercise centralized and unified leadership over subordinate units may establish party committees, and the methods of formation, powers and tasks of party committees shall be formulated separately by the Central Committee.

Chapter X Relationship between the Party and the Communist Youth League

　　Article 51 The Communist Youth League of China is a group organization of advanced youth led by the Communist Party of China (CPC), a school for young people to learn Socialism with Chinese characteristics and communism in practice, and an assistant and reserve army of the Party. The Central Committee of the Communist Youth League is under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee. The local organizations of the Communist Youth League at all levels are led by the Party committees at the same level, and at the same time by the Communist Youth League organizations at higher levels.

　　Article 52 Party committees at all levels should strengthen their leadership over the Communist Youth League and pay attention to the selection and training of its cadres. The Party should resolutely support the Communist Youth League to work in a lively and creative way according to the characteristics and needs of the vast number of young people, and give full play to the role of the regiment as a commando and a bridge to connect with the vast number of young people.

　　The secretaries of the Communist Youth League committees at or below the county level and the Communist Youth League committees of enterprises and institutions are from party member and may attend the meetings of the Party committees and standing committees at the same level as nonvoting delegates.