Outpatient service problem: developers illegally build houses, which leads to property buyers not getting real estate licenses. How to deal with it?

　　Outpatient specialist:

　　Ma Lianzhen, Associate Professor of South China Normal University

　　Wang Ping, Procurator of Panlong District Procuratorate, Kunming, Yunnan

　　Expert opinion:

　　◇ According to the relevant regulations, an application must be made to the relevant departments before the floor is stamped, and it can only be stamped after approval.

　　◇ Illegal building does not necessarily mean that you can’t get the real estate license. If the developer changes the floor area ratio without authorization, you can readjust the floor area ratio if you want to pass the acceptance.

　　◇ Disputes arising from developers illegally adding floors or building planned green spaces belong to contract disputes.

　　The relevant government law enforcement departments should strengthen supervision, standardize the market behavior of real estate development enterprises, and cultivate a healthy and standardized commercial housing market.

　　Recently, Ms. Liu, a resident of a residential area in Anhui Province, told reporters that the commercial house she bought has been paid and moved in, but so far she can’t get the real estate license, and the developer always replies that it is being processed. When buying a house, the developer has complete pre-sale procedures. Who knows that the house can’t get the real estate license when it is bought? What causes this result? How should buyers protect their rights? Our reporter interviewed Ma Lianzhen, associate professor of South China Normal University, and Wang Ping, procurator of Panlong District Procuratorate in Kunming, Yunnan Province.

　　Why do developers illegally build houses?

　　Compared with the sales plan of the community, Ms. Liu found that a small high-rise building stood impressively in the part originally planned as green space; The original planning of several buildings have been stamped with the floor. Ms. Liu told reporters that it was the developers who illegally built houses that caused them to get the real estate license.

　　The reporter learned that this phenomenon is not uncommon. According to Wenzhou Metropolis Daily, a residential area in Rui ‘an City, Zhejiang Province failed to pass the project completion acceptance for seven years, resulting in more than 800 suites unable to obtain real estate licenses. The relevant person in charge of the Planning and Construction Bureau of the Management Committee of Anyang Central City, Ruian City said that the green area has shrunk seriously. The biggest possibility is that the design unit passed the project approval to cooperate with the owner at that time, and the greening rate designed on the drawings reached the standard. In fact, it is difficult to reach the specified greening rate, and in the end, it is often necessary to compensate for the garden construction. This situation is more common in the construction of resettlement houses in Anyang. According to the Chutian Times, in Ezhou City, Hubei Province, there are also cases in which the developer illegally added floors, resulting in the project failing to pass the acceptance, and the buyers failed to get the real estate license for six years.

　　Why do you want to reduce the green space to build a house, or build a floor on the top floor of a building? Mr. He, the developer, told reporters that there are generally two situations. First, in order to meet the needs of more relocated households, we can only reduce green space and increase Gai Lou; Second, developers build an extra floor for their own convenience.

　　In this regard, Wang Ping believes that in order to pursue commercial interests, developers build floors or build planned green spaces into buildings, and increase the actual living area of the community. The consequences are that the living environment and living comfort of the houses purchased by property buyers become worse, and the value of the houses is relatively reduced. According to the relevant regulations, an application must be made to the relevant department before the floor is stamped, and it can only be stamped after it is approved. If it is illegal to build a house without authorization, the construction project will not pass the completion acceptance, and the property buyers will certainly not get the real estate license.

　　Ma Lianzhen said, "According to the Measures for the Management of Floor Area Ratio of Construction Land promulgated by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development in 2012, after the completion of the house, the competent urban and rural planning department of the local government at or above the county level should strictly examine whether the construction project meets the floor area ratio requirements when verifying the construction project. Without verification or verification does not meet the requirements of the volume rate, the construction unit shall not organize the completion acceptance. Obviously, these communities that do not meet the prescribed greening rate do not meet the requirements of the floor area ratio, so it is impossible to obtain the "Construction Project Completion Record Form", which will inevitably affect the property buyers to apply for real estate licenses. "

　　"The so-called plot ratio refers to the ratio of the total construction area to the construction land area in a certain plot." Ma Lianzhen said that for developers, the floor area ratio determines the proportion of land cost in housing; For residents, the floor area ratio is directly related to the comfort of living. The lower the floor area ratio, the higher the living comfort, and vice versa. Generally, if the floor area ratio is low, the green space ratio will be higher and the building density will be lower. The less area developers can use to recover funds, the more comfortable the residents will be. Therefore, the ratio of floor area ratio and green space ratio determines whether developers design a community from the perspective of people’s living needs or from the perspective of purely making money.

　　Must I not get the real estate license if I build a house illegally?

　　"Building a house illegally does not mean that you will not get a real estate license." Ma Lianzhen said, "In the case that developers change the floor area ratio without authorization, if they want to pass the acceptance, they can readjust the floor area ratio."

　　Wang Ping explained that the developer can pay the land transfer fee or accept a fine in accordance with the provisions of the Urban and Rural Planning Law, and then re-sign the state-owned land transfer contract with the relevant departments. After regaining the right to use the state-owned construction land after adjusting the floor area ratio, apply for the "Construction Project Planning Permit" for adding floors or building the planned green space, which will also enable buyers to get the real estate license.

　　However, it should be noted that the situation of paying the land transfer fee and adjusting the floor area ratio belongs to the situation that measures can be taken to adjust. If the developer illegally covers the floor or builds the planned green space into a building, or it is impossible to obtain the construction project planning permit for various reasons, or fails to carry out the construction in accordance with the provisions of the construction project planning permit, and it is confirmed to be an illegal building, it should be demolished according to the regulations.

　　Wang Ping believes that administrative punishment cannot exempt developers from civil liability for breach of contract. Most of the existing commercial housing sales contracts are standard contracts, and the contents of residential planning, community planning and liability for breach of contract in the commercial housing sales contract signed by buyers and developers are generally not stipulated in the contract. However, once the two sides signed the "Commercial Housing Sales Contract", it means that property buyers and developers have determined the corresponding rights and obligations. If the property buyers can’t get the real estate license because of the developer’s reasons, the developer’s behavior should be considered as a violation of the Commercial Housing Sales Contract. In addition, at the beginning of selling the house, the developer has explained and promised the houses and related facilities within the scope of the commercial housing development plan before signing the contract with the buyers, and it has a significant impact on the conclusion of the commercial housing sales contract and the determination of the housing price, which should be regarded as an offer. Even if the explanation and promise are not included in the Commodity House Sales Contract, they should also be regarded as the contents of the contract. If the developer violates it, he shall bear the liability for breach of contract. Of course, if disputes arise, in practice, the burden of proof for this content is borne by the buyers.

　　How should buyers protect their rights?

　　What should I do if the property buyers can’t get the real estate license and even face the risk of being forcibly demolished because the developers build houses illegally?

　　Wang Ping said that for buyers, after the developer defaults, the buyers can choose the following rights protection methods: First, ask the developer to bear the liability for breach of contract and return the house after compensating for the losses; Second, the developer is required to bear the liability for breach of contract and continue to perform the contract after compensating for the losses. The responsibilities that developers should bear include liability for breach of contract and liability for compensation. Article 18 of the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in the Trial of Disputes over Commercial Housing Contracts (hereinafter referred to as the Interpretation) stipulates: "If the buyer fails to obtain the certificate of ownership of the house at the expiration of the following time limit due to the seller’s reasons, the seller shall bear the liability for breach of contract unless otherwise agreed by the parties: (1) The time limit for handling the registration of ownership of the house as stipulated in the commercial housing sales contract; (two) the subject matter of the commercial housing sales contract is the unfinished house, 90 days from the date of delivery of the house; (3) If the subject matter of the commercial housing sales contract is a completed house, 90 days from the date of conclusion of the contract. " Accordingly, property buyers have the right to ask the developer to terminate the contract and compensate for the losses. According to the provisions of the contract law, if the contract has not been performed after dissolution, the performance shall be terminated; If it has been performed, according to the performance and the nature of the contract, the buyer may request restitution and take other remedial measures, and have the right to claim compensation for losses.

　　Ma Lianzhen said that Article 19 of the Interpretation stipulates: "If the time limit for registering the ownership of the house stipulated in the commercial housing sales contract or Article 33 of the Regulations on the Administration of Urban Real Estate Development and Operation expires more than one year, the buyer cannot register the ownership of the house due to the seller’s reasons, and the buyer requests to cancel the contract and compensate for the losses, it shall be supported." If the property buyer asks the developer to bear the liability for breach of contract, the developer should compensate in accordance with the contract; If there is no liquidated damages stipulated in the contract or the amount of loss is difficult to determine, it can be calculated according to the total amount of paid house purchase price and with reference to the standard for financial institutions to collect interest on overdue loans stipulated by the People’s Bank of China.

　　For buyers, it may not be the best choice to cancel the contract and return the house after check-in. Ms. Liu’s experience reminds buyers that before signing the Commercial Housing Sales Contract, they should agree with the developer on a high liquidated damages in the purchase contract to deter the developer, and at the same time, it can guarantee that the developer will be required to pay high compensation when it defaults.

　　How to strengthen supervision by relevant government departments

　　The reporter learned that some property buyers are petitioning everywhere because they can’t get the real estate license, and hope that the relevant government departments will intervene to resolve disputes as soon as possible. In this regard, Wang Ping said that the disputes arising from the developers illegally adding floors or building planned green spaces are contract disputes. A contract is legally binding only on the contracting parties, but not on the third party outside the contractual relationship. This is determined by the principle of relativity of contract stipulated by Chinese law, which reflects the idea of respecting the autonomy of the parties and the freedom of contract. Once the Commercial Housing Sales Contract is signed, it is regarded as the true intention of both the developer and the purchaser. The contractual relationship can only occur between the developer and the purchaser, and only one of the parties to the contract (the developer or the purchaser) can make a request or bring a lawsuit to the other party of the contract. Other units and individuals, including the government, have no right to make demands on the contract content or rights protection methods. From this perspective, the relevant government departments should not intervene and intervene in the real estate market in principle, nor should they intervene in the settlement of disputes over commercial housing sales contracts.

　　However, illegal buildings have repeatedly "flashed", which is not unrelated to the lack of supervision by relevant government departments. It is not a one-off event for a building or group of buildings to start construction. If the relevant departments are properly supervised during the construction process, the situation that property buyers can’t get the real estate license can be avoided. Ma Lianzhen said that China’s urban and rural planning law stipulates the supervision and inspection responsibilities of governments at or above the county level in Chapter V. Article 53 of the Law stipulates that the competent department of urban and rural planning of the government at or above the county level shall supervise and inspect the implementation of urban and rural planning, and have the right to take the following measures: (1) require relevant units and personnel to provide documents and materials related to supervision matters and make copies; (two) to require the relevant units and personnel to explain and explain the problems involved in the supervision matters, and to enter the site for investigation as needed; (three) to order the relevant units and personnel to stop violating the laws and regulations on urban and rural planning. Article 56 stipulates that if administrative punishment should be given in accordance with the provisions of this Law, but the competent department of urban and rural planning does not give administrative punishment, the competent department of urban and rural planning of the higher level government has the right to order it to make a decision on administrative punishment or suggest that the relevant government order it to give administrative punishment. Accordingly, relevant government departments should strengthen daily supervision and law enforcement. For illegal acts that challenge laws and regulations, we should not turn a blind eye. We should always carry out special clean-up and rectification of illegal and illegal housing. For unauthorized housing, building houses with less batches and more areas, we will be punished according to relevant regulations. Relevant departments can also establish a reward system for reporting to stimulate the enthusiasm of the masses to report.Ensure that the relevant government departments grasp the illegal building information at the first time, and publicly expose and deal with typical cases with bad influence, and forcibly dismantle them. At the same time, it is necessary to increase publicity on the construction site, strengthen the legal awareness of developers and workers, make them understand the seriousness of the law, and better restrain their behavior.

　　Wang Ping also believes that the relevant government departments should strengthen the dynamic supervision of real estate development enterprises, strengthen the supervision of the whole process of approving projects under construction, intensify the efforts to clean up illegal enterprises, promote real estate development enterprises to standardize market behavior, and cultivate a healthy and standardized commercial housing market.

CCTV News:Employment is the biggest livelihood of the people. Recently, the State Council issued the "14th Five-Year Plan for Employment Promotion", which defined seven key tasks of China’s employment work during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, among which "improving the employment support system for key groups and enhancing employment security capacity" will become the focus of future employment work.

Since the beginning of this year, a series of policies have been issued from the central government to the local government, and key groups, including college graduates, migrant workers, retired soldiers and people out of poverty, have been regarded as the top priority of current employment.

In Henan Province, there are more than 700,000 college graduates this year, ranking first in the country. Coupled with the dual effects of epidemic and disaster, the employment situation is very severe. Shortly after Zhang Yonggang, a college student, was assigned to the street office, she gained a new identity — — Volunteers for epidemic prevention and control.

This year, in order to stabilize the employment of college students, Henan Province has once again expanded the scale of "three supports and one support", and many college students like Zhang Yong have been recruited to grass-roots posts to engage in supporting doctors, teaching and supporting agriculture. At present, the government has introduced 13 measures to solve this year’s graduates’ employment through such measures as enterprises absorbing 300,000 people, recruiting 200,000 people for policy posts, starting their own businesses and flexibly employing 150,000 people.

In Hebei, in order to ensure that college students can stay and use well at the grassroots level, the government has also launched a green card for talents, providing public rental housing and various subsidies and preferential policies.

Yuan Hongzhi, Director of Civil Service Bureau of Hebei Province:Take out 30% of the county and township job plans & mdash; 50% of the special positions recruit college graduates, and encourage and guide college graduates to make contributions at the grassroots level; In the way of examination, the township position is put forward separately, which makes the civil servants employed at the grassroots level more grounded and homesick.

For college students who have not yet achieved employment after graduation season, various places are also innovating. In Qingdao, the government set up a "public service platform for youth internship and training", which attracted more than 700 high-quality enterprises to provide internship positions for fresh college students and build a "buffer zone" for employment. Wu Xiaoshuang, who hasn’t found a job since graduation, found a trainee position through the platform last month.

At present, 12,000 college students have found internship positions since the platform was launched, and the city has granted 1.134 million yuan in employment internship subsidies to college students.

Experts pointed out that entering the third quarter is the peak period for college graduates to apply for jobs in the workplace. Since the second half of the year, with a series of measures, including encouraging small and medium-sized enterprises to absorb employment, encouraging college students to work at the grassroots level, and encouraging self-employment, the employment of college graduates will remain generally stable.

Mo Rong, Vice President of China Academy of Labor and Social Security:In the second half of the year, I think it is more important to do a good job of the measures that have been introduced. For example, for college graduates, it is necessary to put their employment and employment services after they leave school in place.

　　Reading tips

　　On the Internet complaint platform, complaints about training loans are endless. Many job seekers fall into this trap, not only fail to find a job, but also pay back the loan on time, which is miserable. In this regard, professionals remind that the job itself does not require any fees, and in the process of job hunting, if you need training and apply for loans, you must be cautious.

　　Nearly a year after graduation, Zhang Haoyu not only failed to find a job, but also got a loan, paying back 1,200 yuan a month, which has not been paid off yet.

　　"In the beginning, this company invited me to an interview. After the interview, I said that I had no work experience and wanted to train me. As a result, not only did my work fail, but I was also fooled into running a training loan. " Recently, Zhang Haoyu told the reporter of Workers Daily about his experience of training loan.

　　The reporter’s investigation found that Zhang Haoyu was far from the only job seeker caught in the training loan scam. Some institutions take "guarantee employment", "get high salary" and "refund fees if you can’t find a job" as gimmicks to induce job seekers to borrow money from lending institutions for pre-job training. Many job seekers fall into this trap because they are eager to find a job.

　　Called recruitment, it actually induces job seekers to borrow money.

　　In July 2022, after graduating from a vocational and technical college in Jiangxi, Zhang Haoyu planned to find a job in Chongqing. At the end of the month, he received a phone call from a software company in Chongqing inviting an interview. "I didn’t send my resume to this company, but I thought I hadn’t found a job yet, so I went to see it."

　　During the interview, the recruiter of the company said that Zhang Haoyu was inexperienced and needed training before he could recommend him a job, and promised to get a job after training. Persuaded by the recruiter, Zhang Haoyu signed the Training Agreement with the company, accepted the training for three months, and borrowed 19,800 yuan through an installment loan platform to pay the training fee.

　　The reporter saw in this Training Agreement that the company claimed to be a professional technical company engaged in the field of software testing, with a strong expert technical team and extensive employment resources for enterprises, focusing on providing software testing consulting and training for enterprises and providing customized software testing personnel training. The training content is to improve the skills in the direction of software testing, as well as to cultivate the ability of expression, communication and interview.

　　During the training, Zhang Haoyu found that the training content of the company was seriously inconsistent with the publicity. Not only was there no practical training, but the teaching content could also be found online. "The so-called recommendation work is just to forward online recruitment information. Even the teaching staff falsely filled in the work items and work experience that they did not participate in to improve the quality of resumes, thus defrauding interview opportunities. "

　　The reporter learned that to carry out skills upgrading training, it is necessary to obtain school qualifications. After consulting the relevant departments, Zhang Haoyu learned that the company has not obtained the corresponding qualification for running a school. He realized that the company was called recruitment, but what it actually did was to train and induce job seekers to borrow money.

　　It is a routine to get a job and get a high salary.

　　The reporter searched on the black cat complaint platform and found that many job seekers complained about the software company, reflecting that after inviting interviews in the name of recruitment, they tricked job seekers into handling training loans.

　　The reporter noted that the Training Agreement stipulates that the company provides employment recommendation services for students who have completed the training and met the graduation standards. 80 working days after the trainees become qualified graduates, if the company fails to fulfill the agreement, resulting in the trainees being unable to find employment, 50% of the tuition fees will be refunded; After 120 working days after the trainees become qualified graduates, if the company fails to fulfill the agreement, resulting in the trainees being unable to find employment, the remaining 50% of the tuition fees will be refunded.

　　It has been more than half a year since the end of the training, but Zhang Haoyu still hasn’t found a job, but the company refused to refund the training fee. He also contacted the lending platform to ask for a refund, and the platform said that it was looking for a refund from the training company. At present, Zhang Haoyu pays back 1,200 yuan a month, which will be paid back in July this year.

　　The reporter learned that there are still many people who are caught up in training loans if they fail to find a job. In May 2022, job seeker Xia Chenfei trained in an institution in Nanjing for three months. The agency claims that after the training, it will be employed with high salary, and if it has not been employed for 3 months, the full tuition fee will be refunded. As a result, Xia Chenfei borrowed 18,000 yuan in tuition fees from the agency. What he didn’t expect was that the training content was "watery" and it didn’t help much to find a job. Xia Chenfei contacted the agency for a refund and was rejected by the agency.

　　In addition, the media in Changsha, Xi ‘an, Wuhan and other places have also reported that local enterprises have a scam of "recruiting and changing training".

　　Based on the complaint information of many job seekers, the reporter sorted out the routine of this kind of training loan: on the grounds that job seekers have insufficient work experience, they are recommended to receive pre-job training, and job seekers are required to borrow 10,000 yuan from designated lending institutions to pay for training expenses. After the training, it is often difficult for these institutions to fulfill their promises, or the recommended work is far from their promises, which leads to job seekers not achieving employment, but also falling into the "trap" of borrowing.

　　It is suggested that multi-departments should cooperate to strengthen supervision.

　　Some psychological analysts pointed out that the "recruiting and training" routine is a scam to take advantage of the weak psychology of job seekers. Recruiters will use words such as "pre-job training can help you get started quickly" and "better career prospects" to make job seekers feel that the starting point and solution of the interview unit is to help him, and after doing so, there will be high income, and then they will gradually unload their defenses, fall into a psychological game in which training fees are compared with future high salary and opportunities, gradually lose their minds and eventually fall into this psychological trap.

　　Then, is the agreement signed by both parties valid, and can job seekers ask for a refund?

　　In this regard, lawyer Zhang Zhiyou, a partner of Beijing Fumao Law Firm, said that if an enterprise signs a contract with a job seeker by deception, the contract itself is fraudulent, and the job seeker can bring a lawsuit to the court or file an arbitration with an arbitration institution within one year after knowing that he has been defrauded, requesting that the training contract be revoked according to law. After the training contract is revoked according to law, the job seeker can ask the training institution to refund the training fee.

　　"As for the loan problem, since most job seekers use real identity loans and are required by training institutions to sign the" Informed Consent for Tuition Stages ",it can be said that it is a normal loan contract, and it is difficult to cancel this contract." Zhang Zhiyou said.

　　Liu Junhai, a professor at the Law School of Renmin University of China, pointed out that according to the provisions of the Labor Contract Law, an employer may not ask the employee to provide a guarantee or collect property from the employee in other names. Therefore, the job itself does not require any fees. In the process of job hunting, if you need training and apply for training loans, you must be cautious, verify whether there is a legal basis for charging, and pay attention to retaining relevant materials.

　　In Liu Junhai’s view, the training loan trap persists, exposing loopholes in supervision and management. He suggested that a multi-sectoral supervision mechanism should be established to coordinate law enforcement, and institutions that carry out training loans should be punished and cracked down, so as to enhance the supervision deterrent and purify the market environment for online recruitment.

　　(Some interviewees are pseudonyms)

In the running domestic waste sorting collection point, citizens can automatically open the door without touching it.

Small garbage leads people’s livelihood and is connected with civilization. According to statistics, the per capita output of domestic garbage is about 0.8-1.2 kg per person per day. In 2022, the national urban domestic waste removal capacity reached 244 million tons, and the harmless treatment rate reached 99.9%. As a city with a population of over 20 million, Chengdu has been "competing" with garbage.

It is clearly stated in the Action Plan for Deepening Domestic Waste Classification in Chengdu for Three Years (2023-2025) that by the end of 2023, the whole process of harmful waste and recyclable materials will be classified in the whole city, and the party and government organs and institutions will fully implement compulsory classification, and 14 pilot demonstration towns (streets) will take the lead in building a household kitchen waste collection and transportation system; In 2024, 60% of the towns (streets) in the city will realize compulsory classification of domestic garbage; In 2025, the whole region will achieve full coverage of mandatory classification of domestic waste.

How to mobilize more residents’ enthusiasm and participate in garbage sorting? How to make it easier for residents to sort garbage and make the garbage stations in the city more "smart"? Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star journalist recently conducted a survey on this.

one

The garbage sorting and cleaning house is built in the community.

"The purity of kitchen waste in residential area reaches over 80%"

On November 6th, at the entrance of Ruyirenjia Community in the south third section of Chengdu Second Ring Road, the garbage sorting clean house was officially put into operation. This is also the first garbage sorting and cleaning house built in a residential area in the city. The cleaning house is equipped with mosquito killer, deodorizing equipment, air conditioning, garbage sorting barrels, etc. Each sorting trash can uses the method of changing barrels to transfer garbage.

Ruyi Renjia Community is an old community with more than 300 households and more than 1,000 people. The clean house should undertake the garbage sorting and temporary storage functions of the whole community. In the past, kitchen waste in residential areas was mixed with other garbage, but now, the purity of kitchen waste in residential areas is over 80%. Chen Meixu, a staff member of Bauhinia Community in Fangcao Street, Chengdu High-tech Zone, revealed the reason, "more publicity and more guidance". Since March this year, community micro-grid members, property management organizations and autonomous organizations have begun to publicize garbage classification.

The reporter saw that in the home of 81-year-old resident Wang Guiqing, a number of classified garbage bins were specially prepared. "We didn’t pay attention to garbage sorting in the past few decades, and now it can be said to be a’ revolution’. Through garbage classification, different kinds of garbage can be used in different degrees, and the pollution is less. Fruit peels and vegetable leaves are thrown into the green bucket, and waste paper and milk boxes are put into the recyclable trash can. " Wang Guiqing’s home is on the first floor. She said that in the past, the door of life balcony was afraid to open. "In summer, flies and mosquitoes fly around, and after the garbage is sorted and treated in time, the environment has become better."

According to reports, in addition to publicity, the community also guides garbage classification through appropriate rewards-the supervisor issues a "garbage classification passbook" to the residents before cleaning the house. As long as the garbage is correctly classified, it can be stamped with points, and finally according to the number of seals. In exchange for small gifts.

2

Building an integrated center for garbage classification

It’s not only classified garbage disposal, but also a popular science base.

How to mobilize the enthusiasm of more residents and let them accept garbage sorting? "Many residents have concerns. They are worried that if they divide the garbage at home, they will eventually use a unified vehicle for transshipment. Our approach is to eliminate residents’ concerns. " Chen meixu said.

Fangcao Vein Home is the garbage classification and integration center of Fangcao Street in Chengdu High-tech Zone, where kitchen waste, other garbage, harmful waste, recyclables and large pieces of garbage will be "gathered". According to reports, kitchen waste is directly disposed of, while other wastes, harmful waste, recyclables and bulky wastes are temporarily stored, and then transported to other places for disposal. Different garbage has different transport vehicles, and the body will be marked with "special transport vehicle for kitchen waste" and "special transport vehicle for other garbage".

"From the perspective of classification, the amount of harmful waste in cities is very small, and the amount of kitchen waste is large." Fu Jiang, the person in charge of Chengdu Gaojian Environmental Sanitation (Fangcao Vein Home), revealed that the collected kitchen waste, organic dry residue and crude oil formed after treatment can be reused. After each ton of kitchen waste is treated, about 30 kilograms of crude oil can be obtained for making biodiesel, about 65 kilograms of protein feed and about 150 kilograms of insect manure organic fertilizer.

According to reports, in Fangcao Vein Home, the purity of kitchen waste collected has gradually increased from 70% to 90%, which has also improved the disposal efficiency and capacity within the jurisdiction.

This "journey" belonging to domestic garbage is gradually being known by more people. In addition to garbage disposal, it is also a popular science base with a special garbage classification science museum. "This is not just a garbage disposal station, we also want to become a garbage propaganda station. We take the initiative to invite the public to visit, so that more people can understand the garbage classification and participate. " Fu Jiang said.

three

Put into use intelligent garbage station

Residents can see the "life cycle" of garbage at a glance.

In addition to day-to-day publicity, residents should be willing to sort garbage, and they should try their best to understand that garbage sorting is not a hassle, so garbage stations in cities should be smarter and smarter.

Yuyuan Community, located in Hongyun Street, Wuhou District, Chengdu, is a 28-year-old community. There are 420 households and more than 800 people living here, of which over 70% are elderly. Recently, three new domestic waste sorting collection points have been added in the community, which have many intelligent functions such as automatic sensing, camera capture, garbage traceability treatment and so on.

Huang Meiying, 83, has lived in Yuyuan Community for more than 20 years. In the past, trash cans were distributed under every unit, and it was easy to produce unpleasant odor in summer. Now, residents only need to get close to the domestic waste sorting point, and the corresponding garbage door will slowly open, and the TV on the side will also track the follow-up garbage disposal.

"This set of equipment is to make it easy for ordinary people to put garbage in an intelligent way and prevent residents from reaching out. The TV screen on the side will also monitor the’ full life cycle’ of domestic garbage in real time, the disposal route of domestic garbage, and whether the garbage in the community has been reduced, which can be seen clearly. " Li Hanrong, Party Secretary of Jifu Community, explained this.

Garbage sorting can be roughly divided into four processes: investment, collection, transportation and disposal. The first two processes require residents’ high participation and cooperation. "In the link of classified delivery, we rely on the guidance of party building and micro-grid, and take the building as the unit to make the publicity in place. In the process of classified collection, we have established a team of unified supervisors to guide the garbage throwing process and establish corresponding incentive mechanisms. " Li Hanrong introduced that the vote was good and there was a gift reward. For a long time, after being recorded by the on-site camera, supervisors, property managers and others will give guidance and advice one by one.

Li Hanrong said that the purpose of this is to let more residents understand every step of garbage disposal.

In addition to more "smart" garbage sorting stations, a social garbage recycling company has been introduced in Yuyuan Community to provide paid garbage recycling services to residents. 75-year-old Tang Wanqiong is putting her bad shoes in the smart recycling bin. Through this delivery, she gained 2.13 yuan. Clothes, cartons, plastic bottles, toys, etc. are all paid recycling scope of intelligent recycling boxes, and residents in the community can exchange money in the community. According to reports, smart recycling equipment like this is currently being piloted in several communities to provide residents with convenient classified delivery conditions.

four

Let more residents participate in garbage sorting.

In-depth promotion of domestic waste classification for three years

Since 2000, China has carried out pilot waste sorting in eight cities including Shanghai. At present, from the national perspective, 46 key cities have all issued domestic waste classification laws and government regulations.

Huang Meiying, a resident of Yuyuan Community, is from Shanghai, and her younger brother lives in Shanghai. Huang Meiying’s younger brother also told her some experiences of garbage sorting in Shanghai. "In Shanghai, every household has a small bucket, which is specially used to store kitchen waste, and directly dumps it into the corresponding garbage sorting bucket. This advantage is to avoid the problem of’ broken bags’ of kitchen waste in plastic bags. " In Yuyuan Community, where Huang Meiying lives, residents who have done a good job in garbage sorting will send gifts, including sorting trash cans, which are convenient for holding kitchen waste.

On November 3rd, Chengdu Classification Office also organized a TV and telephone training meeting for Chengdu’s domestic waste classification business, and invited Dr. Song Wei, a professor-level senior engineer from China Urban Planning and Design Institute, to give a lecture to "recharge" the backbone of the domestic waste classification business in Chengdu. Song Wei suggested that garbage sorting should be done well through policies and regulations, management system, supervision and assessment, publicity and education, organization and mobilization.

Chengdu also puts forward new requirements for garbage sorting. In the "Three-year Action Plan for Deepening Domestic Waste Classification in Chengdu (2023-2025)" issued by the Municipal Classification Office, it is clear that by the end of 2023, the whole process of harmful waste and recyclable materials will be classified in the whole city, and the party and government organs and institutions will fully implement compulsory classification, and 14 pilot demonstration towns (streets) will be established. In 2024, 60% of the towns (streets) in the city will realize compulsory classification of domestic garbage; In 2025, the whole region will achieve full coverage of mandatory classification of domestic waste.

According to the relevant person in charge of the Municipal Classification Office, in view of the obvious shortcomings such as "grassroots organization construction and community governance, organization mobilization and publicity and education, classified delivery, collection, transportation and disposal" in Chengdu, and the fact that many points were lost in the evaluation of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, we will vigorously carry out actions such as "grassroots governance and publicity, classified delivery, classified collection and transportation, and classified disposal" to speed up the construction and improvement of the full-cycle classification system. In addition, we should grasp the three key points of "harmful waste’s whole-process classification, standardized collection and transportation of kitchen waste, and convenient collection and transportation of large-sized waste" to improve citizens’ sense of happiness and acquisition with "small incision and small investment".

Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star Journalist Yan Xue’s Photo Report

When we talk about famous Korean Mesozoic actors, we have to mention Lee Dong Wook, who is famous for her immortal beauty.

In 2005, starring in "My Girl" exploded, and the corner of Xue Gongcan became the standard for countless girls to choose a spouse; In 2016, "Lonely and Brilliant God: Ghosts", the messenger of Yin Cao was refreshed to a new level of cuteness, and several generations of sadism with Sunny earned enough tears from the audience.

In 2019, "Others are Hell" became a phenomenal explosion, and all the villains set up+madly approved killer characters, which made people want to stop. Recently, starring in the new drama "Evil and Madness" is a challenge to the "double-faced personality" of the elite police, bringing the audience the story of Gao Shuang, who scored 8.2 points as soon as she went online.

First, dark suspense stories

In Evil and Madness, Lee Dong Wook plays Liu Xiuyue, a policeman who has climbed all the way from the bottom and finally got a chance to be promoted to the head of the major crimes unit. He is a hypocritical philistine.

At the beginning, I tried the exciting picture of Jin policeman, who is also a policeman, and asked him why he wanted to kill his companion Zhuo Minshui policeman. It seems to be seeking justice for the deceased Zhuomin water police, but it is actually a show for the police chief. Because the director had a personal feud with the interrogated police officer Jin, and Liu Xiuyue was trying to please her boss regardless of the existence of the bottom line, a few cameras were set up and stood firm.

However, things are unpredictable. In the process of promotion, a related household was killed, which led to the place that originally belonged to Liu Xiuyue. In order to get back the quota, Liu Xiuyue reached a cooperation with the powerful congressmen through the bridge of his superiors: Liu Xiuyue helped Councillors to deal with the disaster of "beating the police" committed by his younger brother, so as not to affect the political election, and Councillors guaranteed Liu Xiuyue’s promotion.

From here on, the story of Evil and Madness officially entered the high-energy stage. Under the double-line narrative, the case of Du Councilman’s brother beating the police and the disappearance of drug addict Zheng Jun ‘e were closely linked — —

The beaten policeman named Wu Jingtai was viciously attacked by his brother, who was also a policeman, while tracing the cause of Zheng Jun ‘e’s disappearance. Obviously, Wu Jingtai was not allowed to continue the investigation. When dealing with this case, Liu Xiuyue actually found something wrong, but she finally chose to ignore it for fame and power.

At this time, it was the turn of the mysterious K. Every appearance is a hilarious form of "beating up Liu Xiuyue", accusing Liu Xiuyue of ignoring justice to help others.

Liu Xiuyue was forced by the mysterious person K to find the truth of the case together, and the stories of high-energy units, such as disregard for human life, a political high-ranking congressman, colluding with drug dealers to make profits, and the existence of an umbrella for drug dealers in the police station, continued to unfold, and the police in the black system of the South Korean government were bold and dared to shoot again.

In addition to the genre of unit stories, the whole story of Evil and Madness is connected in series by the same story line: Zheng Jun ‘e, a woman who was killed by a member of parliament, was an anti-drug informant who died at the beginning of Zhuomin Water Police; The gold policeman who was accused of killing Zhuo Minshui police was not a good person either. He had already reached a deep cooperative relationship with Councillor Du and the drug trafficking groups behind him, and even had something to do with the death of Zhuo Minshui police.

In the case of a large number of characters, the series did not give the audience a sense of confusion. But through multi-line narrative, the characters appear one after another, and the pace is very fast. After all the characters appeared, they closed the net bit by bit, followed the perspective of Liu Xiuyue and the mysterious man K to trace the truth, and connected all these clues in series. Finally, when they revealed the secret, there was quite a pleasure in solving the mystery.

Second, nonsense absurd comedy

When the first episode was first broadcast, the audience thought that the mysterious man K who always appeared suddenly was a Korean enthusiastic citizen. Because he hated Liu Xiuyue’s bourgeois attitude of "bowing to power", he repeatedly beat Liu Xiuyue up and forced him to investigate the case with himself.

It was not until the last 5 minutes of the second episode that the screenwriter finally understood that Liu Xiuyue, a hypocritical philistine, and the mysterious K were the same person.

Under this setting, the series quickly became nonsense and absurd: Liu Xiuyue wanted to cover up the truth, but K wanted to punish the wicked, so she kicked the murderer in the face in front of everyone, and the scene was once very hilarious.

K always ran away after the disaster, so that Liu Xiuyue had to clean up the mess. From making an apology to Councillor Du, I went to the river at night to find evidence that could prove Councillor Du’s crime, and I was soaked to the skin. Coupled with Liu Xiuyue’s helplessness, she sat by the river and said to herself, "My life is finished and ruined." All the pictures revealed a sense of joy.

On this side, it is the love and killing between Liu Xiuyue and the second personality K. When trapped in the elevator, K suddenly appeared the line "Do you miss me so much" to make the audience laugh at the abdominal muscles; When K rode a motorcycle to force Liu Xiuyue to investigate the truth of the case, Liu Xiuyue said, "How can I walk backwards?" The picture of the collapse was even more funny when it was said twice in a row.

The funniest thing is that in order to make K disappear, Liu Xiuyue is willing to believe in the unreliable idea therapy of the half-assed psychologist, chanting "Only I am the real guy is an illusion" while posing strange gestures, and the absurd atmosphere is full of nonsense.

On the other hand, there is a "magical love triangle" between Liu Xiuyue, the second personality K and Liu Xiuyue’s ex-girlfriend Li Xiqian. Liu Xiuyue has broken up with Li Xiqian, but K fell in love with Li Xiqian at first sight. Every night, K will secretly ride out to send flowers to Li Xiqian while Liu Xiuyue is asleep. When Li Xiqian was mistaken for a murderer, he wrote one childish love letter after another to comfort him. Every time I meet Li Xiqian, I am very shy.

It seems that the love triangle is presented in the form of dual personality, but it actually conveys the romantic love core of "people who like it will not like it only once", and at the same time, there are many comedy elements to bless, and the whole process of watching the drama is very comfortable.

Third, evil and madness

Finally, let’s get back to the original intention of the setting that the protagonist in Evil and Madness is a "double-faced personality". Obviously, this setting is based on the movie Fight Club, with the intention of completing the discussion of evil and madness in the process of the second personality leading the main personality to break the rules crazily.

Liu Xiuyue undoubtedly represents "evil". Fully aware of the dark crimes of power and political parliamentarians, but pretending not to see them; Even in cases where justice needs to be done again, as long as the other party gives enough money, they will sew up their mouths. Bow to the superior, panic and admit your mistake when you are caught, and live a false image of a bad policeman.

The second personality K is synonymous with "madness". I’m K from HIJK, crazy and cute. When I took off my motorcycle helmet for the first time and appeared in front of the audience, I was accompanied by a high-burning line: I specialize in executing hopeless scum, and I am the last hero of our time. Almost instantly, the atmosphere became dry. Every time Liu Xiuyue can’t successfully deal with criminals, K will just appear, and the criminals will be beaten with fists and meat. Although it is evil against evil and violence against violence, it seems to be cool enough to take off.

In the first half of the story, it was the second personality K that forced Liu Xiuyue to trace the truth of the case, and there was coercion in it. However, with the continuous development of the story, the powerful and powerful embarrassed Liu Xiuyue’s family and his ex-girlfriend Li Xiqian to be framed as murderers, and Liu Xiuyue began to have the idea of confronting the powerful and the dark forces. It is no longer Liu Xiuyue who said that "people who have no power can only kneel and apologize", but completely reconciled with the second personality K and became both good and evil.

Here, the idea of the drama "Evil and Madness" is clearly revealed. It is Gao Shuang when Liu Xiuyue punched and kicked evil people, and it is also the irony and exposure that "justice can only be recovered by violent means under power". Corruption in the system forced Liu Xiuyue to go along with it and do whatever it takes to climb to a higher position; At the same time, the inner justice never goes out, so it splits into another reckless crazy personality.

Obviously, the main theme of this drama is the audience’s favorite drama of using evil to control evil, and it is also the best drama in South Korea to satirize the dark legal system of the government. The two complement each other. In addition, each episode has a reversed suspense story, and the hilarious mode between Liu Xiuyue and the second personality K, the coexistence of crime and comedy, and a proper explosion drama.

Everyone knows that there are many snacks in old Beijing, among which thirteen are the most representative, which are collectively called "Thirteen Unique Snacks in Old Beijing". Which thirteen are they? Have you tasted them all? Which one do you like best?

rolling donkey, a Beijing snack

Bean flour cake, also known as snowballing usury, is one of the ancient snacks in Beijing. Its raw material is steamed with yellow wheat water, and the dough is slightly softened with more water. In addition, the soybeans are fried and rolled into flour. When making, the steamed yellow rice flour is covered with soybean flour and rolled into pieces, then coated with red bean paste (brown sugar can also be used), rolled up, cut into small pieces of about 100 grams, and sprinkled with white sugar. When making, the stuffing is required to be rolled evenly, with distinct layers and yellow appearance, which is characterized by fragrance, sweetness, stickiness and strong flavor of soybean powder.

Yellow bean is the main raw material of bean flour cake, so it is called bean flour cake. But why is it also called "snowballing"? It seems to be an image metaphor. After it is made, it is rolled in the yellow bean, as if the countryside is really snowballing and raising dust, hence the name. Nowadays, many people only know the nickname, but don’t know its proper name. At present, snack bars are available all year round, but most of them have changed from yellow wheat to Jiangmi noodles, because the color of soybean noodles is still yellow, which is a favorite snack of the masses.

steamed cake/bun made of glutinous rice with sweet filling

Aiwowo, a traditional snack in Beijing, is served in snack bars in Beijing around the Lunar New Year every year and sold until late summer and early autumn, so Aiwowo is also a spring and autumn variety, and it is now available all year round.

Aiwowo has a long history. In the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, "Taking glutinous rice with sesame seeds as a cold cake and filling it with pills as a nest" is also true in ancient times.

It can be seen that this kind of food is washed and soaked with glutinous rice, then steamed in a steamer, cooled and kneaded evenly, pulled into small doses, pressed into round skins, wrapped with peach kernels, sesame seeds, melon seeds, green plums, golden cakes and sugar, and mixed into stuffing, which became the food called Wowo in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. But why did it become a love nest later? Because an emperor loved this kind of nest, when he wanted to eat it or wanted to eat it, he ordered, "Love the nest." Later, when this kind of food was introduced to the people, ordinary people could not and dared not say the word "imperial", so they omitted the word "imperial" and called it "love nest".

The glutinous rice used for the skin of Aiwowo has been steamed, and the stuffing is also fried with peach kernel, melon kernel, sesame kernel and sugar in advance, so it can be eaten after it is cooked.

Candy roll

The main ingredients of the candied fruit are yam and jujube, with auxiliary materials such as plum, peach kernel and melon kernel. Fresh yam is nutritious and contains protein, refined fiber and vitamins, which is a traditional Chinese medicine. Chinese medicine believes that yam is warm, sweet and non-toxic. It enters the spleen, lung and kidney meridians, and has the functions of invigorating the middle energizer, invigorating the spleen and stomach, growing muscles, stopping diarrhea and strengthening the spleen. Functions of consolidating essence and benefiting lung. Jujube is a tonic commonly used by Chinese medicine and people. The sugar content per 100g of dried product is 63-76.3g, and it also contains protein, fat and various vitamins and minerals. Among them, the content of vitamin C ranks first among all kinds of fresh fruits, reaching 300-600 mg per 100 g of fresh jujube meat, and the average utilization rate of human body is 86.3%. Chinese medicine believes that jujube meat is sweet and warm, and has the functions of invigorating spleen and stomach, nourishing qi and promoting fluid production, and can treat spleen and stomach weakness, deficiency of qi and blood, disharmony between camp and health, anemia, palpitation, irritability and dreaminess. The main ingredients of rolled fruit are yam and jujube, which is a veritable medicinal diet.

Sliced ginger fork

It is to peel fresh ginger and stamp it into fine powder, add a certain proportion of alum powder to flour, put it into a basin together, and use cold water to make dough. Another method is to knead dough with water, roll it on a dough rolling machine for five or six times until the flakes are even and smooth, then sprinkle fine starch flour on the flakes, fold them into strips, cut them into rows of forks with a knife, stack the two flakes together, cut them three times in the middle, spread them into single pieces, turn them over, and fry them with warm oil. The fried pork chops are honey-dipped. The method of honey-dipping is to peel fresh ginger, cut it into filaments, boil the shredded ginger with water, then take out the shredded ginger, add white sugar, add caramel and osmanthus fragrans after boiling, continue to boil, then move to low fire, and then fork the fried pork chops into the sweet-scented osmanthus caramel boiled by the shredded ginger for honey-dipping. After honey, the fork is light yellow, which has the characteristics of crisp, sweet and fragrant, and has ginger flavor when eating.

Cream fried cake

Cream fried cake is a nutritious snack variety in Beijing snacks. It uses good flour as raw material, first burns a proper amount of boiling water, then turns to low fire, pours the flour into the pot, and quickly stirs it until the dough turns from gray to white, and when it doesn’t stick to hands, takes it out and dries it into instant noodles. Dissolve the white sugar and vanilla powder with water, stir the appropriate amount of egg liquid in a bowl, add it into the instant noodle several times, and add the cream, sugar water and vanilla powder for the last time, and knead evenly.

Tangerduo

Honey twist is a famous product in Beijing snacks, also known as sugar ear, because it is named after being shaped like a human ear. There is a poem by predecessors: "Ears can be eaten? I often accompany my partner, honey twist, to ask who is good and point to a second bus ahead. " And the note said: "Sugar Ear honey twist is a food made for Qingzhen people. Its raw materials are nothing more than sugar flour and small sugar, which is commonly known as thin."

seasoned flour mush

Noodle tea is a nourishing snack in Beijing. It is made by frying flour in a pot until the color turns yellow and hemp seeds turn brown, adding osmanthus fragrans and bovine bone marrow oil, mixing and rubbing evenly, then putting the evenly rubbed noodle tea in a bowl, adding white sugar, and making it paste with boiling water. Face tea tastes sweet and can be used as breakfast or lunch, which is very popular among the people.

Noodle tea is usually sold in the afternoon among Beijing snacks. There is a poem that says: "When you wake up in the afternoon, you must always add dried ginger and sesame sauce."

Drinking noodles is very particular about how to eat. When eating, you don’t need chopsticks, spoons and other tableware, but you can drink the bowl in circles along the bowl with one hand. I am afraid that non-old Beijingers can’t eat this way.

sanzi twist

Twist with prickly heat is a fine product in Beijing Muslim snacks, which is very popular with the people, and its production is more troublesome. In advance, put alum, alkali, brown sugar and sweet osmanthus in a basin and melt it with warm water, then pour the flour into it and mix it evenly. After mixing, roll it up in long strips for a while, and then pull it into a small dose of 40 grams.

Mix the hemp seeds with boiling water, stick the small dose on the mixed hemp seeds, and crush them into small bar codes with a length of 10 cm in a plate, with 3-4 layers of yards before baking. After cooking, pick up two small strips and crush them into two even long rope strips by hand, fold them back and forth into eight, and knead the two ends together to form a jujube pit or fan shape with two sharp ends and medium size, and fry them until cooked. When frying, the peanut oil in the pan is 50% hot. Take the dough twist, put the blank into the oil pan and swing it back and forth to shape it. When the blank is slightly stiff, fry it in the oil and fry it brown. The twist of prickly heat is brown and yellow in color, crisp in texture, sweet and delicious.

saqima

Saqima is a famous Manchu pastry, and the folklore was handed down by a Manchu general. Because it is good at hunting and convenient to carry, it makes such a cake. Its raw materials are thin strips made of eggs and white flour, fried in oil, and then honey, white sugar and melon seeds are made into golden cake strips. The cake noodles are covered with green and red silk, which tastes sweet and delicious.

Inby

Inby, a snack in Beijing, is loved by men, women and children. Its crispy and oily taste really makes people unable to eat enough. Beijingers eat baked wheat cakes, often like to eat inby, and they must eat inby when drinking bean juice. Inby is an ancient food, and it is troublesome to make it. Because of the low labor efficiency, general restaurants are unwilling to make it, so it is often blocked for a while. When it comes to bombing inby, everyone in Beijing knows that a "handsome king of inby" was originally a "Nanlaishun" employee who died. His skills can’t be compared with those of ordinary people. The fried inby is brown and average in size, especially with the characteristics of fragrance, crispness and crispness. If it is put on the table, it will be broken at the slightest touch, and it will never feel hard.

Tanghuoshao

Tanghuoshao is one of the breakfast snacks that Beijingers often eat. It has a history of more than 300 years, and Dashunzhai’s tanghuoshao is the most famous. Sugar fire is fragrant and sweet, soft and non-sticky, suitable for the elderly. Kiln-oven sesame seed cake was originally a snack in Hebei province, and later it was introduced to Beijing and became a snack in Beijing. It is characterized by making a furnace out of a cylinder, and baking the biscuit green body directly on the cylinder wall.

Toad spits honey

Bean-filled sesame seed cake is a common variety of snacks in Beijing, which is named because it is filled with bean paste. In the baking process, because there is a natural opening on the side of the sesame seed cake, the bean paste is spit out and hung on the side of the sesame seed cake, so people call this kind of sesame seed cake toad spitting honey.

Pea Cake

A seasonal delicacy in Beijing in spring and summer. Originally a folk snack, it was introduced into the court. The official pea yellow, made of fine white peas, is light yellow in color, delicate and pure, melts in the mouth, tastes sweet, cool and refreshing. Famous for Cixi’s love of food. Its preparation method is that peas are ground, peeled, washed, boiled, fried in sugar, coagulated and cut into pieces. Traditionally, it is also embedded with jujube meat. Fangshan restaurant is the most famous one.

(Pictures and texts are organized from the network)

Friends who have cars know that, generally speaking, 95 # gasoline will be a little more expensive than 92 # gasoline. Some car owners will subconsciously feel that it must be more expensive gasoline. Is 95 gasoline really better than 92 gasoline? What is the difference between them? Do you really know?

Is 95 oil purer than 92 oil?

There are rumors on the Internet that the higher the gasoline label, the better the quality of gasoline.

That was not the case.

In fact, the base oil of 92 # gasoline and 95 # gasoline is the same, but different additives are used to make them have different antiknock properties, which has nothing to do with the quality of gasoline itself. It does not mean that the higher the label, the less impurities there are, and there is no saying that the higher the label, the more fuel-efficient it is.

The biggest difference between No.92 and No.95 gasoline: anti-explosion.

What distinguishes 92 # gasoline from 95 # gasoline is actually the ratio of isooctane to n-heptane. 92 # gasoline is rich in 92% isooctane and 8% n-heptane. No.95 gasoline is rich in 95% isooctane and 5% n-heptane.

When the cylinder in the automobile engine is in piston motion, gasoline and air will be mixed and compressed in the cylinder. If the pressure in the cylinder is too high, it is easy to knock. The antiknock substance in gasoline is isooctane. The higher the label, the higher the isooctane content, and of course the stronger the antiknock performance.

The engine of a good car generally has a high power and compression ratio, and it is undoubtedly easy to knock when adding 92 # gasoline, which is why the better the car, the higher the requirement for gasoline label.

Can different grades of gasoline be mixed?

Last time, the Shaker saw a news on the Internet. When a Bentley owner went to the gas station to refuel, he saw that the oiler added 98 to 95 by mistake. He was so angry that he rushed up on the spot and gave the oiler a fat beating. Seeing this, someone should be tempted to ask: Is it really so serious to add the wrong oil?

If you originally added 92% oil, you accidentally added 95, which actually doesn’t matter; If a car that was originally fueled with 95 # gasoline was mistakenly fueled with 92 # gasoline, the problem is not very serious once or twice. However, if it is mistakenly fueled or mixed for a long time, the pressure in the cylinder of the car will not meet the requirements of the combustion of the oil-gas mixture, which will easily lead to knocking. In addition, it will also lead to an increase in engine carbon deposition, an increase in fuel consumption, and a knock on the cylinder, which will affect the life of the engine.

Since gasoline should not be mixed, what should we do? In fact, just add gasoline in strict accordance with the label requirements posted on the tank cover. This is not wrong. There is not much need to spend more money to add high-grade oil (of course, you don’t care about the better money), and you can’t add low-grade oil to save money!

Have you ever filled the wrong tank?

Welcome to chat with 8 craftsmen.

　　Originally, it was just an ordinary criminal case, but when the police routinely tested DNA, it led to another child abduction case that had been covered up for 17 years. Recently, the People’s Court of Futian District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province made a first-instance judgment on this child abduction case. The defendants Zhang, Zhong Moumou and Zhang Mouying constituted crime of trafficking in children and were sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment ranging from 2 years and 6 months to 5 years respectively.

　　At about 19: 00 on March 31st, 2001, Mr. and Mrs. Lin, who were doing small business in a market in Futian District, took their two daughters and their twin sons Xiao Da (a pseudonym) and Xiao Di (a pseudonym) to the supermarket. Soon after leaving home, everyone could not help laughing when they saw Xiao Da’s feet covered with her mother’s shoes. Because he was worried that he would not walk well, he asked Xiao Da to go home and find his grandmother to change shoes, so he didn’t have to follow him.

　　After that, Lin and others visited the supermarket for more than an hour. After returning home, they were told by their grandmother that Xiao Da went out to find them alone after changing his shoes, and has not returned yet. The distance from the supermarket to home is not far, but Lin launched relatives and friends to look back and forth several times, but did not find Xiao Da.

　　According to the security guard in the parking lot, he once saw a man in his 40 s holding Xiao Da, who was crying all the time. When the security guard saw it, he asked him. The man claimed that he and the child’s parents were fellow villagers, but he could also tell the situation of the child’s family, and the security guard did not stop him after listening.

　　Who is this man? Lin failed to check one by one from his acquaintances, thinking that Xiao Da must have been taken away by traffickers, so he quickly called the police and embarked on a long road of finding children.

　　In March 2018, in a detention center in a city in Guangdong Province, 22-year-old Jing Tsai (pseudonym) was detained according to law for theft. According to the results of police DNA test, Jingzai has no blood relationship with his parents registered in the household registration, but is in line with the blood sample of Lin and his wife, that is, Jingzai is Xiao Da, a lost child of Lin 17 years ago.

　　When Lin’s family cried with joy for this sudden good news, Shenzhen police quickly attacked and dug up clues from Jingzai’s adoptive parents. In September 2018, Zhang, his brother-in-law Zhong Moumou and his sister Zhang Mouying, who participated in the trafficking of Xiaoda, took the initiative to surrender to the public security organs.

　　According to Zhang’s confession, he lived near the crime scene that year. On the day of the crime, shortly after Xiao Da disappeared, a man named "A Jun" whom he knew brought him a little boy (Xiao Da), saying that he was an illegitimate child that others didn’t want, and gave it to Zhang Yangyang. Zhang did not ask again, and after accepting it, he was taken care of by his mother. More than 10 days later, because her mother was old and unwell, Zhang informed her brother-in-law, Zhong Moumou, to bring Xiao Da back to his hometown, a village in a town in Heyuan City.

　　After the child was brought back to the village, it quickly attracted the attention of other villagers, but Zhong Moumou and his wife claimed that the child was the illegitimate child of a friend from other places according to the reasons told by Zhang in advance. The child’s father died in a car accident, and the mother wants to remarry, so I want to entrust them to find a family to adopt.

　　After hearing the news, Zhu, who lives in the same village, quickly rushed to Zhong’s home. It turned out that just two years ago, Zhu’s 3-year-old grandson accidentally fell into the pond and drowned because of poor care by adults, and the whole family was heartbroken. Zhu and his wife, who have always felt guilty about their daughter, liked Xiao Da very much after seeing him healthy. After discussion, they decided to adopt Xiao Da on behalf of their daughter and son-in-law.

　　On April 29, 2001, the two sides signed a custody contract, stipulating that Zhong Moumou agreed to entrust the child to Zhu for custody, and Zhu paid Zhong Moumou 10,000 yuan as the original custody fee. The contract also stated that if there was abduction, Zhong Moumou would take full responsibility. After receiving the money, Zhong Moumou paid 3,000 yuan for milk powder according to Zhang’s request.

　　In this case, due to the long time interval between the incidents, coupled with the limited technical means of investigation in that year, and some important witnesses have died or left Shenzhen. Although the existing evidence can prove that the three defendants have committed the crime of abducting and selling children for profit, there are several chances hidden behind their "confession". In particular, Zhang’s confession either evaded the importance or said that he was too old to remember, resulting in some doubts about the details of the child’s transfer.

　　In order to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of victims, crack down on crimes accurately and effectively, and ensure the quality of case handling, Futian District People’s Procuratorate undertook the careful deployment of prosecutors, took a multi-pronged approach, actively communicated with public security organs, coordinated and guided evidence collection, and helped victims to correctly defend their rights and get out of the shadows as soon as possible to return to normal life.

　　At the trial stage of the court, all three defendants argued that Xiao Da was left for his own adoption, and was later given to others because of real economic difficulties. There was no "selling for the purpose" of abducting children, and Zhang even put forward two new witnesses to prove it.

　　The prosecutor in charge made a strong complaint in court, which broke their luck psychology while popularizing the law: Zhang and Zhong each had four children and both had boys at the time of the crime. At that time, Zhang’s family income was about 1,500 yuan, and Zhong’s family income fluctuated between 500 and 1000 yuan, so they were hard-pressed when raising their own children. Therefore, it was not reasonable to adopt Xiao Da from the economic conditions or traditional ideas.

　　Xiao Da stayed in the two families for only about 29 days before and after, but Zhong Moumou and others charged Zhu an amount nearly 10 times more than his monthly income. As a nominal "original support", it is obviously unreasonable. According to article 17 of the opinions of the two high schools on punishing the abduction and trafficking of women and children according to law in March 2010, it should be recognized that Zhong Moumou and others have the subjective purpose of illegally profiting.

　　After the trial, the procuratorate and the public security organs started a new round of investigation and evidence collection on the new evidence presented in Zhang’s court. Investigators also went to Chongqing and found two witnesses in Zhang’s mouth. It was verified that they were not at the scene when the crime was committed, and the testimony they said was actually the situation that Zhang suddenly called a year ago. And this time is just after Xiao Da’s true identity is exposed. That is to say, the testimony was actually a confession after the event and did not have the real effect of on-site witness, so the court did not adopt it.

　　In the second trial, Zhang and his defenders did not put forward any new defense opinions in the face of this investigation result.

　　Finally, the court ruled that the defendants Zhang, Zhong Moumou and Zhang Mouying were convicted of crime of trafficking in children. At the same time, it was determined that Zhong Moumou and Zhang Mouying could truthfully confess the facts of the crime and had the plot of surrender. Finally, the defendant Zhang was sentenced to 5 years in prison and fined 10,000 yuan; The defendants Zhong Moumou and Zhang Mouying were each sentenced to 2 years and 6 months in prison and fined 10,000 yuan. (Reporter Tang Rong correspondent Wang Qian)

Chefs from all walks of life show off their cooking skills in a circle of friends. Can you stand it? So I moved all kinds of baking pans and pots and pans home every day, and finally, your kitchen couldn’t be piled up. The messy kitchen is getting more and more angry. What should I do? Julie R. Thomson, the food editor of Huffington Post, teaches you how to easily expand your kitchen storage space with these 11 tips.

This article is compiled with a few abridgements.

The kitchen is always the dirtiest place in the house. There are so many grotesque big electrical appliances and odds and ends waiting to be stored there, it’s strange not to be chaotic. Standing in a messy kitchen, everyone will fly into a rage.

However, there are some clever tricks that can help you cope with all this easily. They are simple and affordable, and you can do it yourself. They will make your kitchen more organized than you can imagine. Get ready, my friends. I promise you will fall in love with your kitchen again.

Customize a storage drawer for your small kitchen utensils.

This method can ensure that everything has its own specific position. All you need is to go to a home improvement shop and learn to use an electric drill.

Clever use of vertical storage box

Many people will use this kind of thing to store documents, but it is also very useful in the kitchen. Things that are not easy to store, such as chopping boards and baking pans, can be stored in them very neatly.

turn waste into treasure

This eliminated closet door not only allows you to store many small objects, but also looks quite artistic.

Label, label, label!

These clearly classified labels are not only practical, but also can be a part of your kitchen decoration.

Wonderful hole board

The hole board is nothing new, and the famous chef Julia Child is very good at using it. Use your imagination and give it a pot or something.

Start with a super-value storage rack for pots and pans

Yes, this thing really exists. You can install it yourself. Gone are the days when there is no room for cupboards to clean up all kinds of pots and pans. With this kind of shelf, everything can be put back in its original place, and it is very convenient to pick up.

Do some articles with wall-hung storage bags

This kind of storage bag can be hung behind the cupboard door of food, which can accommodate all kinds of small objects to the greatest extent and is quite useful.

Convert a cupboard into a pull-out trash can

Finding a suitable place to throw garbage is sometimes a tricky thing. Stuff the trash can into the cupboard and everything will be fine. In addition to the garbage bin with pulley, you can also choose to use a large jar.

look up (at sth)

On the top of the cupboard, there is often a little storage space. Of course you won’t put the most commonly used things there, but you can put some other things that need to be stored.

Make good use of those walls

We are often reluctant to use vertical storage in the kitchen, because not everyone has exquisite kitchen utensils worth displaying on the wall. However, if kitchen utensils and flowers are placed together, the eye-catching degree will be greatly improved.

The little magic of the turntable

This is absolutely a genius’s creation, and every cupboard should have one (or ten) of these round turntables.

　　[car home New Car Listed] On April 22nd, Jietu Brand Night officially kicked off, during which a number of brand-new models appeared on stage, among which (|) was officially listed.The new car has launched three models.The price range is 179,900-209,900 yuan.; Jetway T1 ushered in the first launch, and the new car was positioned as a compact plug-in hybrid SUV, which can be called the "personality responsibility" of the T product line. In addition, Jetway Shanhai T5 appeared simultaneously, and Jetway Shanhai T7 and pickup truck Shanhai P5 appeared on the screen. Next, let’s take a look at what are the key contents of this Jietu Night.

● Jietu Shanhai T2

　　Looking at the shape, we can easily guess that Shanhai T2 is a representative model of "Travel+"strategy, and its square and hard-core shape makes it have a very good visual experience. Different from many models with retro design on the market at present, the new car adopts a square lampshade design, and with the wide front enclosure, the overall gas field is still relatively strong.

　　In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the new car are 4785/2006/1875mm and the wheelbase is 2800mm respectively. Judging from the 208km Shan Ye model that we have shot before, the details such as the rim and the roof are integrated with fluorescent yellow design elements, which injects a little vitality into the vehicle. In terms of configuration, the 129km version is equipped with 255/60 R19 tires, while the 208km version is equipped with 255/55 R20 tires.

　　At the rear of the car, the new car also adopts the common design ideas on hard-core off-road vehicles. The polygonal spare tire cover is located in the middle, with longitudinal taillights on both sides, and the internal light strip is designed like a "T" shape, which is highly recognizable after lighting. In addition, the horizontal/vertical line design is integrated on both sides of the rear enclosure of the new car and above the lamp group, which makes the visual effect of the tail more layered.

　　Entering the car, the new car uses the mainstream design language in the current market. The center console is equipped with a 15.6-inch large screen, and almost all functions are integrated in this screen. Of course, as a product with off-road attributes, the new car also integrates the driving mode selection knob and other function buttons separately. It is worth mentioning that the new car will provide Qualcomm Snapdragon 8155 chip, which means that although it is a car that focuses on traveling and off-road, it will have the mainstream level of the current automobile market in terms of car experience.

　　In terms of more configuration, the new car will come standard with rear parking radar, panoramic image, transparent chassis, driving mode selection (sports, economy, standard, snow, etc.), ramp assist, electric tailgate, roof rack, keyless start/entry, App remote car control, 10.25-inch LCD instrument, automatic headlights, intelligent partition temperature control, rear air outlet, 15.6-inch central control screen and intelligent partition voice.

　　In addition, the middle and high-end models will provide lane departure warning, lane keeping, road traffic sign recognition, fatigue driving monitoring, front collision warning, adaptive cruise, high-speed cruise assistance, traffic congestion assistance, 64-inch panoramic sunroof, steering wheel heating, 50W mobile phone wireless fast charging, adaptive far and near light, customized ambient light, passenger leg rest, electric adjustment of front seat, ventilation/heating/memory of front seat, FACE ID, etc.

　　In terms of power, Shanhai T2 is equipped with a 1.5TD DHE+3DHT hybrid system, with a maximum power of 115kW and a maximum torque of 220N·m, which is matched with a three-speed electric hybrid special gearbox. The comprehensive maximum power of the system is as high as 280kW and the maximum torque is 610 N m. In terms of battery, the 129km version is equipped with lithium iron phosphate battery from AVIC with a capacity of 26.7 kWh; The 208km version is equipped with lithium iron phosphate battery from Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited with a capacity of 43.24kW.. In terms of energy consumption, the comprehensive fuel consumption of the 129km version of WLTC is 1.41L/100km, and that of the 208km version is 0.93L/100km. In terms of battery life, the 129km version of WLTC has a pure battery life of 100km, and the 208km version has a pure battery life of 161km. The official said that the car can achieve a comprehensive battery life of 1300km when it is full of oil and electricity.

● Jietu Shanhai T1

　　During the Jietu Brand Night, Jietu Shanhai T1 made its debut, and the new car positioned a compact plug-in hybrid SUV. From the design point of view, it has a high similarity with the previously released Jietu Shanhai T-L. It is understood that the new car will be officially listed in the fourth quarter of this year.

　　On the design level, the new car is built in family-style design language, and the front grille of digital light and shadow will not be absent. At the same time, the interior of the new headlight group adopts a petal-like shape, and the recognition is still very high. The interior of the grille will also integrate LED strip and extend to the headlight groups on both sides, forming a similar penetrating visual effect. We also know that when the vehicle starts, the light strip will blink rhythmically.

　　On the car side, the new car still adopts a square design, showing a certain tough guy attribute. There are obvious bulges at the front and rear fenders, creating a "three-stage" visual effect. It is understood that the body length of the new car is close to 4.7 meters and the wheelbase is 2800 mm.

　　In the rear part, the new car also adopts a rather tough overall design, similar to the front part. The rear part also incorporates some fashion elements in addition to the hard-core, such as the unique taillight group, which can play a very good role in embellishment.

　　Entering the car, similar to the appearance, the details of the new car also incorporate many common elements on hard-core off-road SUVs. For example, the front of the co-pilot will be equipped with a large handle. However, on the overall design level, Shanhai T1 chose to cater to the needs of the home market. The combination of full LCD instrument panel and large-size central control screen is a hot match at present. Of course, in order to make it more convenient to use, a row of physical buttons with common functions are reserved at the bottom of the screen.

　　In terms of power, Jietu Shanhai T1 adopts Chery Kunpeng super hybrid C-DM technology, equipped with Chery 1.5TGDI hybrid engine and matched with DHT gearbox. It is worth mentioning that the car has electric four-wheel drive function, and the comprehensive output power can reach up to 450kW.

● Jietu Shanhai T5

　　Shanhai T5 vehicle is tall and powerful, designed in a hard-core style, and the spot light group at the front of the vehicle has high recognition. The car has a 5/6/7-seat layout and is equipped with a 2.0T+2DHT+2-gear P4 motor. The total power of the system is 560kW and the total torque is 795 Nm. Officially, it has a full battery life of 1400km. It is reported that the car is expected to be officially listed in 2025.

● Jietu Shanhai T7

　　Shanhai T7 is expected to be launched in 2025. The car is positioned as a million-class SUV, built on an 800V platform, equipped with four motors and an intelligent lifting suspension system. The official said that the car has amphibious, plateau oxygen cabin, bullet-proof and explosion-proof, drone detection and other functions. Its minimum ground clearance is 351mm, the rear wheel can turn to plus or minus 6 degrees, and it has a climbing mode.

● Jietu Shanhai P5

　　Jietu Shanhai P5 will be designed in a hard-core mecha style, equipped with a 2.0T+2DHT+2-gear P4 motor, with a pure electric cruising range of 150km and a comprehensive cruising range of over 1400km. The car will also be equipped with a three-stage reversible multifunctional tailgate. It is reported that the car will be officially listed in 2025.

● Edit comments

　　Today, Jetway has a very rich product line, and the positioning of each series is gradually clear. In terms of series, Jietu brand can be basically divided into X series, and the representative models are X90, etc. Traveler series, representative models are travelers, etc.; L series, the representative model is L9, etc. T series, the representative model is T2, etc. From the positioning point of view, it can basically be divided into two parts: "family travel" and "cross-country travel", and the T series models we see today should belong to the cross-country travel sequence. With the continuous promotion of the "Travel+"strategy, we will see more new products in the future. At the Beijing Auto Show, all the models on display at this Jietu Night are expected to appear on the stage, and interested friends can also come to the auto show site to experience the new car on the spot. (Text/car home Duandi)