The foundation of national rejuvenation lies in education, while the whole education lies in primary and secondary schools.

　　A 70-year history of basic education in China is also a true portrayal of new China’s development from backwardness to revitalization. At the beginning of the founding of New China, China’s per capita education was only 1.6 years. In 2018, this figure has risen to 10.6 years, and China’s education has made remarkable achievements.

　　Since the founding of New China, China’s basic education has achieved great-leap-forward development. From 1949 to 2018, the gross enrollment rate of preschool education in China increased from 0.4% (in 1950) to 81.7%, the net enrollment rate of primary school increased from 20% to 99.95%, the gross enrollment rate of junior high school increased from 3.1% to 100.9%, and the gross enrollment rate of senior high school increased from 1.1% to 88.8%, which left a great legacy in the history of human education.

　　70 years of hard work, 70 years of spring and autumn.

　　In the past 70 years, the face of China’s weak education foundation has been completely changed, among which basic education has played an important role. Over the past 70 years, China’s basic education has always walked with the tide of the times, condensed China’s experience for human education, issued China’s voice and contributed China’s wisdom.

　　Re-establish order and get on the right track

　　To rebuild order and stabilize the situation, at the beginning of the founding of New China, China’s basic education was gradually standardized in the process of exploration.

　　In December 1949, the first national conference on education was held after the founding of New China, which defined the general policy of national education and marked the transformation of China from semi-colonial and semi-feudal education to new-democratic education.

　　According to the general policy of education, the decision on the reform of the educational system, the first educational system document in New China, was promulgated in 1951, which made new provisions on the status, years and mutual connection of schools at all levels, and a team of professional teachers was initially formed. In 1952, the Provisional Regulations for Primary Schools (Draft) and the Provisional Regulations for Middle Schools (Draft) were officially promulgated, which comprehensively standardized the education and teaching of primary and secondary schools in China and formed the basic framework of the curriculum of primary and secondary schools in China. According to these two documents, the Ministry of Education has formulated a new syllabus for primary and secondary schools, and a new basic education curriculum system has been initially established in New China.

　　However, the old society left a mess for the education in new China, with illiteracy and semi-illiteracy accounting for more than 80% of the total population, and the enrollment rate of school-age children is only about 20%. Universal education, especially universal primary education, has become the top priority of education in new China.

　　By the end of 1965, China’s basic education had been fully restored, with 14.32 million students in secondary schools and 116.269 million students in primary schools, which were 6.9 times and 3.9 times higher than the highest in 1946 before the founding of New China, respectively, and the enrollment rate of school-age children reached 85%. General secondary education has trained more than 20 million graduates and a large number of labor reserve forces for the country, laying the foundation for the training of senior professionals. From 1949 to 1965, 102.723 million people were illiterate in China, with an average annual literacy rate of 6.043 million.

　　In 1977, education in China ushered in the long-awaited spring. At the beginning of his comeback, Deng Xiaoping volunteered to be in charge of education and science and technology. School education is out of chaos and back on track.

　　China entered the new period of reform and opening up with a heavy historical burden. Although many large-scale literacy campaigns have been carried out throughout the country before, and many times it has been proposed to popularize primary education within a time limit, in the early 1980s, primary education in China was still not universal.

　　The Constitution of People’s Republic of China (PRC) promulgated in 1982 put forward "universal primary compulsory education", which was the first time since the founding of New China that it was determined in the form of a constitution to popularize primary compulsory education in China, and became the fundamental follow-up for popularizing primary compulsory education everywhere.

　　After the reform and opening-up, China has entered a new situation of all-round socialist modernization. Where should the reform of primary and secondary education go? In 1983, the teaching reform experiment of Jingshan School in Beijing has gradually entered a new stage of comprehensive reform of primary and secondary education from a single experiment. With such questions, the teachers and students of this school put questions to Deng Xiaoping in a letter of more than 500 words. A few days later, Deng Xiaoping wrote an inscription for Beijing Jingshan School: "Education should face modernization, the world and the future." These "three aspects" set the beacon of modern education in China and became the general policy of education reform in China.

　　In 1985, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Education System Reform (hereinafter referred to as the Decision) was promulgated. The "Decision" proposed for the first time that "nine-year compulsory education should be implemented step by step". In order to achieve the grand goal of popularizing nine-year compulsory education, according to the national conditions at that time, the responsibility for developing basic education was handed over to local governments, and the state mobilized the enthusiasm of local governments for developing basic education, while local governments also relied on the people to run education. This system reform has promoted the rapid popularization of compulsory education in China.

　　In order to ensure the smooth implementation of compulsory education, in 1986, the nine-year compulsory education was written into the newly promulgated Compulsory Education Law, which provided special legal guarantee for the popularization of compulsory education, and China’s basic education embarked on the track of legalization.

　　A leap towards a big country in human resources

　　An educational history is a historical portrayal of a country’s revitalization and development.

　　From the establishment of universal compulsory education system in the form of national legislation in 1986, education equity rose to the will of the state for the first time, and the goal of "two basics" was fully realized in 2011. In these 25 years, China’s basic education opened a road of "quantity compensation" and "scale expansion".

　　This is a shining link in the history of China: on the one hand, it is connected with China’s century-old dream of popularizing compulsory education, and on the other hand, it is connected with China’s bright future of building a powerful country with human resources.

　　Achieving nine-year compulsory education in an all-round way and basically eliminating illiteracy among young and middle-aged people is a brilliant milestone in the history of education in China and the most ambitious foundation stone project for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　In the mid-1980s, the Republic faced the reality that knowledge regained respect, education order was restored soon, primary education was just popularized, and more than 200 million people were still illiterate and semi-illiterate.

　　In 1992, the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward that "by the end of this century, nine-year compulsory education will be basically popularized and illiteracy among young people will be basically eliminated" as an important goal for the development of China’s education in the 1990s.

　　Throughout the 1990s, education in China has been asking: When will nine-year compulsory education be popularized so that all school-age children can enter schools?

　　In 1993, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Outline of Education Reform and Development in China, which opened a new era of education reform and development in China, and formally took "two basics" as a new goal.

　　At the national conference on education held in 1994, the "two basics" really changed from a goal to a national action, which became the top priority of China’s education work, and a military order was issued in 1996, 1998 and 2000.

　　Dezhou, located in the northwest of Shandong Province, had a local fiscal revenue of only 740 million yuan in 1996. In the three years since the Ninth Five-Year Plan, a total of 860 million yuan was allocated for education. On December 25, 1997, with the last county in Texas passing the acceptance of "Pujiu", this "Pujiu" attack, which lasted for three years and went up and down to Qi Xin, was fully completed.

　　Like Texas, in the 1990s, "Nine-Year Compulsory Education" was launched vigorously throughout the country. At that time, the national construction was still in its infancy, and under the condition of very tight financial resources, the multi-channel school-running strategy was adopted to widely mobilize local governments and the people to hold compulsory education. This has made a great historical contribution to basically achieving the goal of "two basics".

　　On January 1st, 2001, the government of China solemnly announced to the world that China had achieved the strategic goal of basically popularizing nine-year compulsory education and basically eliminating illiteracy among young people as scheduled. By the end of 2000, the population coverage rate in the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" area reached 85%, and the illiteracy rate among young and middle-aged people dropped below 5%.

　　As a result, the Republic has turned from "basic realization ‘ Two basics ’ " To "fully realize ‘ Two basics ’ " Another chapter in. In 2003, the State Council held the first national conference on rural education since the founding of New China, and put forward the requirements for tackling the "two basics" in the western region: realizing the "two basics" goal in the western region in 2007.

　　Achieving this goal faces extremely difficult conditions and special difficulties. Among the 410 counties that have not achieved the "two basics", there are 215 poverty-stricken counties, 309 minority counties and 51 border counties, and the level of compulsory education lags far behind the national average.

　　The biggest denominator of education in China is in rural areas, and the weakest link is also in rural areas. The compulsory education in rural areas, especially in western rural areas, covers a wide range, involving almost all the difficulties of educational equity.

　　In order to solve the funding gap of rural compulsory education, in 2001, the State Council’s Decision on the Reform and Development of Basic Education made a major reform on the management system of rural basic education, which clearly stated that the management of rural compulsory education was "county-oriented" and "people’s education is run by the people" began to shift to the track of "people’s education is run by the government".

　　However, in the central and western regions of China, the county-level finance with weak financial resources is unable to support the funding of rural compulsory education, and there is a general dilemma of "small horse-drawn carts". In 2005, the State Council’s Notice on Deepening the Reform of Rural Compulsory Education Funding Guarantee Mechanism proposed to establish a rural compulsory education funding guarantee mechanism that is divided into projects and shared by the central and local governments in proportion. Rural compulsory education is fully included in the scope of public financial security.

　　In 2006, the newly revised Compulsory Education Law clarified the principle of free compulsory education in legal form, and established the main contents of the reform of compulsory education funding guarantee mechanism. Under the background of abolishing agricultural tax, from the spring semester of 2006, students in rural compulsory education in the western region were exempted from tuition and miscellaneous fees, which were extended to rural areas throughout the country in spring of 2007 and nationwide in autumn of 2008. At this point, compulsory education is "completely free", and the dream of several generations of Chinese has finally come true.

　　Policies such as rural boarding school construction project, "two exemptions and one subsidy" project, modern distance education project in rural primary and secondary schools, and "special post plan" for rural teachers are closely linked and promoted as a whole. In this context, in 2007, the "two basics" attack in the western region was completed as scheduled, and the education in the western region achieved historic changes. In 2011, China achieved universal nine-year compulsory education and basically eliminated illiteracy among young people.

　　This is an honor worthy of being remembered in the annals of history: it took China 25 years to complete the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" task that took the United States 100 years to complete, and completed the perfect turn from a populous country to a big country in human resources.

　　We have fully realized the "two basics" in a country that accounts for one-fifth of the world’s population and made great contributions to the civilization and progress of all mankind. According to UNESCO statistics, the enrollment rate of children in the world has increased from 80% to 84%, and China has contributed; From 1990 to 2005, there were 100 million illiterates in the world, including 90 million in China. Among the nine populous developing countries, China is the only country that has fully realized nine-year compulsory education, and has become an important force to promote the development of education for all in the world.

　　In this great journey towards equality of educational opportunities, the "two basics", like a spark, have played an important turning point in basic education in series. Educational supervision system originated from "two basics", free compulsory education was realized in "two basics", balanced development started in "two basics", and the concept of quality education was born out of "two basics" … …

　　When quantity is no longer the biggest problem faced by basic education, the voice of quality improvement is getting higher and higher. People are more and more aware of the disadvantages of one-sided pursuit of enrollment rate, and begin to pay attention to people’s all-round development and understand the law of education better.

　　In this context, in 1999, the third national conference on education since the reform and opening up was held in Beijing, with the theme of "deepening education reform and comprehensively promoting quality education". In the same year, the Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Deepening Education Reform and Promoting Quality Education in an All-round Way was promulgated, which clarified the objectives, contents and safeguard measures of quality education.

　　Make a final decision Taking this as a symbol and paying attention to connotation development has become an important melody of basic education in China since the new century, bringing a new atmosphere to education in China.

　　The wind rises and sails again, and the development of basic education opens a new voyage.

　　Pursue fair and quality education

　　Seeking happiness for the people is the initial intention of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that people’s yearning for a better life is our goal.

　　When the Communist Party of China (CPC) put forward the ruling idea of "people-centered", people found that this idea was also implemented in the educational action in China.

　　The basic education that has entered the new era has changed from "learning" to "learning", which reflects the people’s yearning for a better life and their expectation for the future. People’s sense of gain has become an important value orientation of basic education, and balanced development and quality improvement have become the new coordinates of the development of basic education in China.

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward that "every child should strive to enjoy a fair and quality education". From basic balance to high-quality balance, from fair educational opportunity to pursuing high-quality educational fairness, it constitutes the main theme of basic education in China in the new period. They all point to the proper meaning of education: paying attention to the all-round development of people and giving every child a chance to shine in life.

　　From basic balance to high-quality balance, a series of measures have landed:

　　In 2002, the "Notice of the Ministry of Education on Strengthening the Management of Basic Education" formally put forward the goal of "actively promoting the balanced development of schools in the compulsory education stage". Since then, "key schools and key classes" have been gradually cancelled.

　　According to the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan (2010— In 2020), a series of major basic education projects, such as the nutrition improvement plan for rural compulsory education students and "all-round thinning", have been implemented one after another. These projects are beneficial to the present and the future, and the bottom of basic education can’t be reached. Balanced development is empty talk.

　　In order to speed up the overall allocation of compulsory education resources in urban and rural areas, in 2016, the State Council issued "Several Opinions on Promoting the Integrated Reform and Development of Compulsory Education in Urban and Rural Areas in Counties", and ten measures such as eliminating large classes were subsequently introduced.

　　With the promulgation of "Measures for Supervision and Evaluation of High-quality and Balanced Development of County Compulsory Education" in 2017, China’s compulsory education has entered the stage of "high-quality and balanced" from "basic balance". By the end of 2018, 92.8% of counties (cities, districts) in China had passed the supervision and evaluation of the balanced development of compulsory education.

　　On the premise of paying attention to the degree of fair access to educational opportunities, basic education is focusing on the quality of the people’s acquisition process and the satisfaction of the results, comprehensively and systematically improving the quality, promoting the comprehensive reform of basic education, and constantly approaching the goal of quality education equity.

　　Who to train is the primary problem of education. In 2014, when General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited Peking University, he pointed out that "the buttons of life should be buckled from the beginning"; During the investigation in Haidian District Ethnic Primary School in Beijing, it was pointed out that children should "remember the requirements, set an example, start from an early age and accept help" when cultivating and practicing socialist core values. On September 10, 2018, at the National Education Conference, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader delivered an important speech, pointing out that "efforts should be made to strengthen moral cultivation, educate and guide students to cultivate and practice socialist core values, improve their moral character in a down-to-earth manner, and become a person with great love, virtue and great feelings."

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has issued the Guide to Moral Education in Primary and Secondary Schools and compiled the Implementation Manual of the Guide to Moral Education in Primary and Secondary Schools, and made great efforts to build a moral education system with correct direction, perfect content, cohesive learning segments, rich carriers and normal development.

　　Classroom is the most critical link of quality. Since the launch of the eighth curriculum reform, the classroom has changed from imparting knowledge to students’ active learning, and "teaching and learning" has undergone profound changes, strengthening the role of the classroom as the main position; In the autumn of 2017, the textbooks of ethics and rule of law, Chinese and history of compulsory education were put into use in the initial grade of compulsory education, which marked that the textbooks of the three subjects had changed from "one syllabus and many books" to unified compilation, examination and use. This was a major deployment to run compulsory education with China characteristics and safeguard the long-term stability of the country with an eye to the requirements of the times.

　　Basic education is the foundation of education, and teachers are the foundation of foundation. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader is very concerned about the construction of the teaching staff, and calls on teachers to be "four haves" and "four guides" for students.

　　In order to make up for the shortcomings of rural teachers, since 2012, the "National Training Program" has trained more than 14 million teachers. The central and western provinces recruited 510,000 special post teachers, optimizing the structure of rural teachers. In addition, the establishment and improvement of the salary guarantee system and the evaluation and employment system of teachers’ professional titles have enhanced the professional attraction of grassroots teachers. In January 2018, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Opinions on Comprehensively Deepening the Reform of Teachers’ Team Construction in the New Era, which described the grand blueprint for teachers’ team construction in the new era.

　　At the same time, the "baton" of evaluation is also turning. In 2014, the "Implementation Opinions of the State Council on Deepening the Reform of Examination Enrollment System" was promulgated, which established the examination enrollment model of classified examination, comprehensive evaluation and multiple admission. In the same year, the new college entrance examination was first implemented in Shanghai and Zhejiang. At the same time, since the Ministry of Education issued the "Guiding Opinions on Further Promoting the Reform of Entrance Examination System in Senior High Schools" in 2016, most provinces and cities have successively announced the implementation plan for the reform of the senior high school entrance examination suitable for the region. The gradual establishment of a scientific evaluation system oriented to the development of quality education has forced the front line of basic education to accelerate the pace of reform.

　　Basic education concerns everyone and is a basic project to improve the quality of the people and realize the prosperity of the country. Implementing the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, making efforts to improve quality and promote fairness, and striving to run a basic education that the people are satisfied with will become the strongest note for the future development of basic education.

　　After the National Education Conference, the central government successively issued three documents on the reform and development of preschool education, compulsory education and ordinary senior high schools: Several Opinions on Deepening the Reform and Normalization of Preschool Education, Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Reform of Educational Methods in Ordinary Senior High Schools in the New Era, and Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Education and Teaching and Improving the Quality of Compulsory Education in an All-round Way, which made a systematic design for the reform of basic education in the new era, marking that China’s basic education has entered a new stage of comprehensively improving the quality of educating people. The publication of China Education Modernization 2035 has become a programmatic document to accelerate the modernization of basic education in the new era.

　　From 1.6 years of education per capita to 10.6 years in 2018, from a big illiterate country to the full realization of nine-year compulsory education, from "not going to school" to "going to school" to "going to school" … … Looking back on the 70-year history, basic education has laid the foundation of national education in China, achieved great changes from scale expansion to connotation construction, and embarked on a road of basic education with China characteristics.

　　Today, China has more than 500,000 schools with nearly 240 million students in the basic education stage, which has provided strong intellectual support and talent reserve for the vigorous development of education at all levels and for China’s economic and social development and the improvement of comprehensive national strength.

　　Learning to teach determines the future of each child, affects the joys and sorrows of countless families and concerns the hope of a nation. Stepping into a new era, from a big education country to a strong education country, basic education will continue to write a new chapter for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. (Reporter Wang Jiayuan)

　　A few days ago, the 2017 "Top Ten Scientific and Technological Progress of Chinese Colleges and Universities" organized and selected by the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Education was announced in Beijing after the evaluation process of college declaration and publicity, formal review, preliminary evaluation of the department and final review of the project.

　　The selection of "Top Ten Scientific and Technological Progress in Chinese Colleges and Universities" has been held for 20 times since it was launched in 1998. This selection activity has played a positive role in improving the overall level of science and technology in colleges and universities and enhancing their scientific and technological innovation ability, and has had a great social impact and won a high reputation.

　　The list of selected projects in 2017 (attached) is now published. The list of selected projects is sorted according to the phonetic order of the host unit, in no particular order.

List of Selected Projects of "Top Ten Scientific and Technological Progress of Chinese Colleges and Universities" in 2017

　　Note: Sorted according to the phonetic order of the reporting host, in no particular order.

Introduction of Selected Projects of "Top Ten Scientific and Technological Progress in Chinese Colleges and Universities" in 2017

　　1. Research on the new principle of light field regulation in asymmetric microcavity.

　　The conservation of momentum is one of the objective laws of nature, which reflects the nature of time and space. The generalized momentum of a closed system always remains unchanged. As one of the main physical systems to enhance the interaction between light and matter, the direct coupling between optical microcavity and external light field needs to meet the momentum matching condition, but it is often only realized in a narrow spectral range, which makes the broadband optical physics and application of microcavity face challenges.

　　Academician Gong Qihuang and researcher Xiao Yunfeng of Peking University’s "extreme optics innovation research team" put forward a new principle of chaos-assisted photon momentum conversion in asymmetric optical microcavity, which realized efficient and ultra-wide spectrum optical coupling in optical microcavity. Asymmetric optical microcavity breaks the spatial rotational symmetry and regulates the local light field, thus obtaining a quasi-continuous chaotic mode while supporting the discrete echo wall mode. Photons first refract from the nano-waveguide into the chaotic mode of microcavity; Chaotic motion makes the angular momentum of incident photons increase rapidly in picosecond time scale; Then the dynamic tunneling process realizes its efficient coupling with the echo wall mode. Chaos-assisted coupling no longer needs momentum matching between microcavity and waveguide mode photons, and is expected to play an important role in integrated photonics and information processing. In addition, they also used the nonlinear modulation of optical Kerr effect to observe the spontaneous symmetry breaking of microcavity light field for the first time in experiments, and obtained the chiral light field of microcavity.

　　The research results were published in Science and Physical Review Express respectively, which attracted wide attention from international academic circles, and were featured by more than ten international scientific and technological media such as Phys.org and ScienceDailey, marking that the research on microcavity optics in China has reached a new height.

　　Second, 5 nm carbon nanotube CMOS devices

　　Chip is the foundation and driving force of the information age, and the existing CMOS technology will touch its limit. Carbon nanotube technology is considered as an important option in the post-Moore era. Theoretical research shows that carbon nanotube transistors are expected to provide higher performance and lower power consumption, and it is easier to realize three-dimensional integration, and the comprehensive advantages at the system level will be as high as thousands of times, so chip technology may be promoted to a new height. Professor Peng Lianmao’s team from the Department of Electronics of Peking University made a major breakthrough in the physics, preparation technology and performance limit exploration of carbon nanotube CMOS devices, abandoned the traditional doping process, controlled the polarity of the transistor by controlling the electrode material, and suppressed the short channel effect. For the first time, a high-performance carbon nanotube transistor with a gate length of 5 nm was realized, which surpassed the best silicon-based transistor at present and approached the physical limit determined by the principle of quantum mechanics, and it is expected to push CMOS technology to a technical node below 3 nm. On January 20, 2017, the landmark achievement was published online in Science (2017, 355: 271-276) with the title of Scaling Carbon Nanotube Complete Transistors to 5-nm Gate Lengths. It has been publicly and positively cited by peers including IBM researchers for 24 times in journals such as Science and Natural Nanotechnology, and has been selected as a highly cited paper of ESI.Related work was reported by mainstream academic media at home and abroad such as Nature Index, IEEE Spectrum, Nano Today, Science and Technology Daily and Xinhua News Agency. People’s Daily (Overseas Edition) commented that the working speed of carbon tube transistor is three times that of Intel’s most advanced commercial silicon transistor with 14 nm, and the energy consumption is only one quarter of it, which means that China scientists are expected to catch up with their foreign counterparts in chip technology and it is a new milestone in the development of information technology in China.

　　Third, early intervention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

　　Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third major cause of death in China. The prevalence rate of COPD among people aged 40 and above in China is 8.2%, of which 70.6% are early patients with no obvious symptoms. These patients are easily overlooked and missed diagnosis because of their mild symptoms or even no obvious symptoms. When patients have obvious symptoms such as shortness of breath, most of them are in the middle and late stage of the disease. During this period, the treatment effect of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is poor, and the mortality rate, readmission rate and disability rate are high, which brings a heavy burden to patients’ families and society.

　　For the first time, the team of Ran Pixin of Guangzhou Medical University carried out a multi-center clinical trial for patients with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and found that inhalation of anticholinergic drug tiotropium bromide can significantly improve the lung function and quality of life of patients with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, slow down the annual decline rate of lung function and reduce acute exacerbation. In view of the low popularity of pulmonary function examination and the high missed diagnosis rate of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China, a new screening technology for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was developed, which provided support for early diagnosis and early intervention. In order to cooperate with drug treatment, a community-based stratified and accurate comprehensive prevention and treatment model was established, and it was found that reducing the exposure of biofuel smoke could reduce the risk of COPD.

　　This study puts forward the early intervention strategy of COPD for the first time. It is suggested that high-risk groups who smoke for a long time and are exposed to polluted air and biofuel smoke should be screened early. Once diagnosed, even if there are no obvious respiratory symptoms, comprehensive intervention measures such as quitting smoking, reducing biofuel smoke exposure and drug treatment should be started in time to prevent further decline of lung function and disease development, and improve the comprehensive prevention and treatment level of COPD.

　　Four, the key technology and industrialization of high performance CNC system

　　High-performance CNC system is the foundation of developing high-end manufacturing equipment and represents the core competitiveness of national manufacturing industry. High-performance CNC systems and machine tools, such as high speed and high precision, five-axis linkage, multi-axis and multi-channel, are the bottleneck problems, which seriously affect the social and economic development of our country.

　　With the support of major national science and technology projects and enterprises, the team of Professor Chen Jihong from Huazhong University of Science and Technology "Industry-University-Research" jointly tackled key problems and developed a series of high-performance CNC system complete products. Build an all-digital and open CNC system software and hardware platform; The control functions such as multi-axis linkage and multi-channel are developed, and the motion control of complex trajectory is realized. A high-speed nano-interpolation method based on flexible acceleration and deceleration is proposed to develop high-speed, high-precision and high-stiffness drive control technology. Invented an analysis method based on big data in command domain, and realized intelligent applications such as health assessment, tool breakage monitoring and process parameter optimization of CNC machine tools. It won 1 second prize of national scientific and technological progress and 5 first prizes at provincial and ministerial levels, forming 13 national and industry standards.

　　The achievements have been applied to more than 2,000 enterprises such as Shen Fei, Chengfei, No.8 Aerospace Institute, No.9 Nuclear Institute, Pushing Ningjiang, etc., realizing the batch application of high-end CNC equipment and weapons and equipment in aerospace, energy and power, automobiles and their parts, 3C manufacturing, machine tools and other fields, and providing important technical support for the independent control of high-end CNC equipment in China. Appraised by China Machinery Industry Federation, its function, performance and reliability have reached the advanced level abroad, and it can replace imports. In the field of aerospace processing and manufacturing, domestic high-grade CNC has achieved a "zero breakthrough".

　　Five, deep-sea high-precision underwater acoustic integrated positioning technology

　　Guided by the deep-sea high-precision underwater acoustic integrated positioning system developed by Harbin Engineering University, China’s "Deep-sea Warrior" manned submersible quickly found the predetermined underwater target in the depth of 3500m in the South China Sea on September 29th this year, and achieved "finding a needle in a haystack", which indicates that China’s deep-sea high-precision underwater acoustic positioning equipment and technology have reached the international leading level.

　　Acoustic wave is the only effective information carrier underwater so far, and high-precision underwater acoustic positioning is the key for human beings to rely on many underwater submersibles to enter, explore and develop the deep sea. However, in order to achieve the same positioning performance as satellites underwater, we must overcome the challenges such as complex underwater acoustic channel environment, serious interference from underwater acoustic platform and difficulties in realizing independent intellectual property system.

　　After eight years of hard work, Professor Sun Dajun’s team has successively overcome key technologies such as deep-sea high-precision ultra-short baseline positioning (won the second prize of national technological invention in 2016), integrated positioning with ultra-short baseline array on water surface and long baseline array distributed on seabed, and solved the problem of asynchronous high-precision positioning with large time delay caused by slow ocean sound speed and platform movement. The underwater acoustic integrated positioning system with independent intellectual property rights (6 invention patents granted in 2017) has been developed, with deep-sea positioning accuracy of 0.3m and positioning efficiency exceeding. Successfully supported the just-concluded maiden voyage test of China’s "Deep Sea Warrior" and the comprehensive investigation and scientific investigation of China’s most advanced scientific research ship "Science" in the South China Sea, laying a solid technical and equipment foundation for China’s deep-sea practice such as scientific exploration of the 10,000-meter abyss "Mariana Trench".

　　Six, high orbit satellite-ground two-way high-speed laser communication system technology

　　The technology of high-orbit satellite-ground bidirectional high-speed laser communication system is one of the frontier scientific fields related to the overall situation and long-term development strategy of the country. The successful completion of the project marks that China has reached the international forefront in the field of space laser communication and is another new milestone in the field of satellite communication.

　　Satellite laser communication has the advantages of large communication capacity, long transmission distance and good confidentiality. It is an irreplaceable means to build a space information superhighway, and it is also the frontier science and technology in the current international information field. Satellite-to-ground laser communication in high orbit needs to achieve high-precision capture between the satellite and the ground station, effectively overcome the influence of satellite motion, platform jitter, complex space environment and other factors, and maintain the continuous high-precision and stable alignment of the laser beam, which is extremely difficult in technology and is a hot spot that countries are competing to develop at present.

　　On April 12, 2017, the laser communication terminal developed by Tan Liying of Harbin Institute of Technology was launched into orbit with the satellite. From May to August, 2017, the high-orbit satellite-ground bidirectional high-speed laser communication system realized "precise alignment, stable maintenance and high-speed communication" between the satellite and the ground station with a distance of nearly 40,000 kilometers. The two-way high-speed information transmission channel between satellite and ground established by laser beam has successfully carried out communication data transmission, real-time forwarding and storage forwarding with the highest transmission data rate of 5 Gbps per second, which is the highest transmission data rate of high-orbit satellite laser communication in the world so far, and its performance and technical indicators have reached the international leading level.

　　The two-way high-speed laser communication system between high orbit satellite and earth has established a high-speed backbone channel in the information network between heaven and earth, which has laid an important foundation for the establishment of an integrated information network between heaven and earth in China in the future.

　　Seven, "bait mode"-a new mechanism of pathogenic bacteria

　　Crop diseases caused by Phytophthora were once called "plant plagues", which seriously threatened global food and ecological security. In the mid-19th century, the European potato late blight epidemic caused millions of people to starve to death or flee, and this "Irish famine" was called a turning point in human history. At present, the annual losses caused by epidemic diseases in the world are still as high as more than 20 billion dollars. Crop diseases break out and spread quickly in the field, causing serious harm. Because of the complex genome of Phytophthora and the lack of understanding of pathogenic mechanism, the research and development of prevention and control technology is seriously restricted.

　　Team Wang Yuanchao of Nanjing Agricultural University systematically studied the action mechanism of Phytophthora effector around the main weapon "effector" that Phytophthora attacks plants. It was found that Phytophthora can secrete glycosyl hydrolase XEG1 to degrade plant cell walls, while plants secrete protease inhibitor GIP1 to inhibit the activity of XEG1. The inactivated mutant XLP1, which can secrete hydrolase, acts as a "bait" to interfere with the defense response, and cooperates with XEG1 to attack plant disease resistance. In addition, it was also found that Phytophthora secreted effector into host cells to destroy plant disease resistance by interfering with histone acetylation.

　　This achievement was published in Science, Current Biology and New Phytologist in 2017, and was reviewed by many magazines such as Nature chemical biology. The "bait model" found in this study is a brand-new pathogenic mechanism and a major theoretical breakthrough in the field of biological interaction in recent years. Because this mechanism is universal in pathogenic bacteria, it not only has guiding significance for improving the persistent disease resistance of crops, but also provides new clues for developing new biological pesticides, which has potential application prospects in the field of green production of crops.

　　Eight, eukaryotic yeast long chromosome chemical reconstruction

　　Genome design and synthesis is a brand-new design and construction of genome from scratch, which can shape life as needed, open the door of transforming from inanimate matter to living matter, and promote life science research from understanding life to creating life. Genome design and synthesis provides a new way to deepen understanding of basic scientific issues such as life evolution, the relationship between genome and function. However, genome synthesis faces some problems, such as the difficulty of precise synthesis of long chromosomes and cell inactivation caused by synthetic chromosomes.

　　After more than five years’ exploration, the teams of Yuan Yingjin of Tianjin University, Yang Huanming of shenzhen huada gene research institute and Junbiao Dai of Tsinghua University completed the chemical total synthesis of four long chromosomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and created the rapid localization method of genome defect targets and the precise repair technology of multi-target fragment co-transformation, which solved the problem of cell inactivation caused by chemical synthesis of long chromosomes and realized the complete matching between the synthetic sequence of long chromosomes and the designed sequence. A multi-level modular and parallel chromosome synthesis strategy was created, and the rapid customized synthesis from small molecular nucleotides to eukaryotic long chromosomes was realized. The artificial ring chromosome was constructed, which established a research model for the mechanism and potential treatment of the currently incurable chromosome ring disease.

　　On March 10th, 2017, this research published four Science papers in the form of long articles, which attracted great attention from experts and media at home and abroad, and was highly praised by articles published in journals such as Science, Nature, Nature Biotechnology, NatureReviews Genetics and Molecular Cell.

　　Nine, coal supercritical water gasification hydrogen generation and power generation technology

　　On December 25th, 2016, Xi ‘an Jiaotong University transferred the "Polygeneration Technology for Hydrogen Production and Power Generation from Coal Supercritical Water Gasification" proposed by Professor Guo Liejin and successfully developed by the team for 20 years to Shaanxi CNNC Jiaotong University, an industrialized investment group, at a price of 150 million yuan, which officially started the industrialization of this technology. Over the past year, the team has continued to tackle key problems, developed a system integration and matching method for large-scale engineering cogeneration of this technology, solved the key technologies and auxiliary engineering technologies existing in industrialization, completed the technical design of two large-scale engineering demonstration devices such as cogeneration and hydrogen-heat cogeneration, and promoted the industrial investment group Shaanxi CNNC Jiaotong University to jointly invest 420 million yuan and 500 million yuan in Xi ‘an Chengtou Group and Yulin Environmental Protection Group respectively to carry out the construction of the first demonstration projects of cogeneration systems such as heat, electricity and hydrogen.

　　This technology can solve the smog-causing coal-fired gas pollutants such as SOx and NOx and dust emission from the source. The mixed product gas composed of supercritical water, H2 and CO2 can be used for hydrogen production, power generation, heat supply and steam supply. CO2 enrichment and resource utilization can be naturally realized in the process, which can improve the coal-electricity conversion efficiency of generator sets by at least 5 percentage points, reduce the one-time investment by 30%, save water and lower the operating cost. The third-party demonstration expert group believes that "the technology has completely independent intellectual property rights, the technology is feasible and the economy is reasonable". Investors believe that this technology "realizes the efficient, clean and pollution-free utilization of coal energy, which will surely bring about profound changes in energy technology and make great contributions to global energy conservation and emission reduction".

　　Ten, high-speed railway train dynamic effect test system (iHSRT)

　　The running speed of high-speed railway trains is high, which is close to or exceeds the wave propagation speed of subgrade soil. The vibration generated by train operation can not spread out in time, causing shock wave phenomenon and Mach effect, resulting in excessive vibration and cyclic cumulative settlement of subgrade, which affects train safety and ride comfort. It is of great scientific significance and engineering value to study the dynamic effect of railway subgrade caused by high-speed train operation under controllable conditions in the laboratory.

　　Academician Chen Yunmin, led by Professor Bian Xuecheng of Zhejiang University, invented the world’s first test device for dynamic effects of high-speed railway trains. The device converts the running load of the train into vertical dynamic load acting on a series of sleepers, and realizes the loading of the subgrade by the high-speed movement of the train axle by accurately controlling the loading phase difference of adjacent vibration exciter. The whole test system consists of train loading exciter array, loading control system, full-scale line model and test system, and the maximum speed is 360 km/h. The core technology won 2 invention patents in the United States and 8 invention patents in China.

　　Using this system, the Mach effect of saturated subgrade and dynamic soil arching effect of pile-supported subgrade accompanied by the sharp increase of dynamic pore pressure are found, and the dynamic stress amplification effect, attenuation law along depth, cyclic cumulative settlement law and mechanism of excessive settlement in high-speed railway subgrade are revealed. Based on this, the evaluation, control and repair methods of subgrade cyclic cumulative settlement are put forward, which have been successfully applied to more than 10 high-speed rail and subway projects on soft soil foundation, and achieved remarkable social and economic benefits. Ten papers were published in international authoritative journals, among which the papers published in Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering were rated as "Most Cited Articles".

　　Cctv news Recently, the Shenyang Science and Technology Innovation Service Center of Liaoning Province, Zhong Jun, the inheritor of tussah silk clothing making skills of Shenyang Industrial Competition and intangible cultural heritage, and the teachers and students of the "Wild Silkworm (Tussah) Creative Design Project Team" of dalian polytechnic university Institute of Fashion Technology came to Zhujia Street of Shenyang City to hold an exchange meeting on the development of tussah industry and the design and development of tussah intangible cultural works, and held discussions with more than 30 representatives of silkworm farmers.

　　Sun Caihong, secretary of the Party Working Committee of Zhujia Street in Shenyang, presided over the meeting and introduced the overall layout of the cultural tourism industry and the development of tussah industry in Tianjiawa Village.

　　Ding Wei, Dean of dalian polytechnic university Institute of Fashion Technology, said that the college will devote itself to building a bridge of cooperation between schools and villages, exploring a new mode of urban-rural integration of "Wild Silkworm Valley" schools+enterprises+villages, providing intellectual support for rural revitalization and maintaining Liaoning’s characteristic industries, and helping Liaoning, China’s tussah industry to develop with high quality.

　　At the seminar, the relevant members of the "Wild Silkworm Creative Design Project Team" demonstrated and explained the design concept, application materials and production technology of tussah wenchuang works, so that the majority of silkworm farmers could fully understand tussah wenchuang works through cases and arouse their enthusiasm for learning and participation. Zhong Jun introduced the related situation of Liaoning Heritage Base of Tussah. Finally, the Organizing Committee of Shenyang Industrial Design Competition introduced the related activities of the 2023 Shenyang Industrial Design Competition for teachers and students, and called on everyone to actively promote outstanding creative design works and promote the transformation of outstanding design works.

　　Silkworm farmers have said that through this activity, everyone has a more comprehensive understanding of the extension chain of tussah industry, and they are more confident to expand the scale of farming and develop tussah cultural and creative works.

　　In the next step, Zhujia Street in Shenyang will speed up the promotion of the Wild Silkworm Valley project, make efforts to extend and improve the tussah industrial chain, and let more people put on the tussah "golden rice bowl" to help the cultural tourism+tussah industry integrate and grow, and the creative design will empower the tussah industry to jointly help the rural revitalization and development.

　　Tesla was targeted by the short-selling institution Shannon, and the stock price fell against the market.
　　Tesla’s share price suddenly dived against the market on Tuesday, with a drop of more than 4%. At the close, the company’s share price fell by 2.91%, while the Nasdaq Composite Index rose by 2.89% for the whole day. The sudden diving of Tesla’s share price is related to Citron Research, a well-known short-selling institution, eyeing the company. Citron suddenly posted a tweet on Tuesday, saying: "Citron shorted Tesla, and the supply problem will make the company’s share price drop to $100 by the end of the year. All the news surrounding this company seems to be unfavorable to the company’s share price. " Since the beginning of this year, Tesla has been constantly hit, and the company’s share price has also fallen by more than 20%.

　　Verizon will continue to investigate Yahoo’s assets or make an acquisition plan.

　　Verizon is still considering the acquisition of Yahoo. However, Verizon said that the company needs to have a better understanding of Yahoo’s assets before making a formal decision on whether to acquire Yahoo. On this issue, Fran Shammo, chief financial officer of Verizon, said at Morgan Stanley Investment Conference on Tuesday that Verizon is considering various merger and acquisition schemes, including acquisition and divestiture. Summer confirmed that Verizon was still weighing whether to keep or sell its data center.

　　According to the report, 40% of insurance companies are worried that Google will rob their jobs.

　　On March 1, local time, consulting service company Capgemini released a report saying that more than 40% of insurance companies regard Google as a potential competitor. Capgemini said in the report that Google has a wide popularity and a large amount of user data, and young consumers are likely to bypass traditional insurance companies and choose new competitors like "Google". Capgemini believes that in order to resist the upcoming market competition, insurance companies must establish their own brands, learn to use real-time consumer data and develop flexible operating models. Nevertheless, some insurance industry experts are still skeptical about the entry of technology companies such as Google into the highly regulated insurance market. These industry experts believe that technology companies are likely to become partners of insurance companies, rather than entering the market alone.

　　SoundHound beta virtual voice assistant intends to replace Siri.

　　Although in the past few years, SoundHound’s APP has mainly focused on listening to songs and recognizing songs, SoundHound has been accumulating strength for the birth of Hound. Hound is a natural voice virtual assistant built on the company’s own platform. In other words, SoundHound intends to replace existing similar voice assistants, such as Apple’s Siri, Google’s Google Now or Microsoft’s Cortana. In fact, as early as last June, when SoundHound began to accept the application of the beta version of Hound, there were rumors that it intended to replace Siri. At that time, SoundHound recruited 1,000 testers to participate in the internal testing, but received 300,000 applications for internal testing in just two months. It is reported that the current Hound version is not only suitable for Android system, but also for iOS version.

　　Apple gets a patent for a new headset: Bluetooth when the cable is disconnected.

　　On March 1, local time, Apple obtained a patent for a new headset technology called "detachable wireless listening device". This patented technology allows an earphone to receive audio signals through a traditional cable, while also supporting seamless connection of Bluetooth or other wireless fidelity. From the design point of view, this earphone seems to be no different from the traditional earphone, and two earplugs are connected to the playback device through cables. But in fact, this earphone uses two independent cables: one is used to connect two earplugs, and the other is used to connect the playback device. The key point of this patented technology is that the two cables are connected by "magnetic attachment mechanism". When connected, the playback device can transmit audio signals to the headset, and at the same time, it can supply power to the battery built in the headset. When the two cables are separated, the system will detect the state change, so as to stop the power supply, and use wireless mode to transmit audio data to users, all of which are seamlessly connected.

　　Microsoft launches new Windows security service for enterprise users.

　　It is reported that Microsoft has launched a new security service "Windows Defender Advanced Threat Protection" for Win 10 operating system, aiming to help large enterprises detect hackers and security threats more efficiently. According to Yusuf Mehdi, vice president of Microsoft, the service has been tried by Microsoft and a few users, and some software codes will be released with the new version of Win 10 operating system, but the pricing and final launch time of the service have not yet been determined. Since a large number of loopholes in Microsoft system appeared in recent years, Microsoft has been committed to improving the security of information, such as the introduction of Windows fingerprint and facial recognition security protection measures.

　　Gmail provides OCR image scanning to prevent confidential data from being leaked.

　　Google has released a data loss prevention (DLP) service to avoid accidental disclosure of confidential company files during transmission, while a recent update of Gmail can further prevent data loss. After the update, Gmail can use optical character recognition (OCR) technology to ensure that the attached pictures do not contain sensitive content like social security numbers or passwords. Google’s business platform had the function of scanning files before, but now it can match passwords or specific text strings to the blacklist of administrators to prevent accidental issuance of files, and the software can also identify employees who deliberately disclose company secrets. At present, only paid Google Apps Unlimited users can use this OCR function.

　　Sony stops selling PlayStation TV

　　Recently, Sony publicly announced on its official website that it would stop selling PlayStation TV, and the reason for the suspension was that the sales volume was too unsatisfactory. It is reported that PlayStation TV is a device launched by Sony in November 2013, which allows players to play PSV games on the TV screen or stream PS4 games. Originally, PlayStation TV was expected for its unique game streaming function, DualShock 3 handle control and low price, but many PSV games that need to use touch are incompatible with it because it does not support touch function. Soon, Sony tasted the cruelty of reality, and the seemingly powerful products performed poorly, so Sony finally decided to give up PlayStation TV, stop losses in time and try its best to recover losses.

　　Uber Real Estate dominates all start-ups in the San Francisco Bay Area.

　　As early as last September, Uber spent $123.5 million in Oakland, San Francisco, and bought the historic Sears Department Store, which covers an area of 380,000 square feet. Uber plans to use this building as one of its future headquarters. At the same time, Internet radio pioneer Pandora, solar energy company Sungevity and other small technology companies have also settled in Auckland. It is reported that the reason why these start-ups from the San Francisco Bay Area choose to enter Auckland is largely due to the trouble of housing prices. Uber has spent $2 million to decorate its new headquarters building, and plans to bring 2,000 to 3,000 jobs to Auckland. In addition, Uber real estate has dominated all start-ups in the San Francisco Bay Area. For example, Uber’s office is four times larger than Pandora, the pioneer of Internet radio, and Uber can accommodate five times as many employees as its competitor Lyft (another taxi software).

　　Google Cardboard glasses case officially goes on sale

　　Accordingly, Google officially launched and sold Cardboard glasses cases in its own Google store. Since the release of Google Cardboard’s cheap virtual reality solution in 2014, Google Cardboard has shipped more than 5 million units, surpassing HTC Vive and Microsoft’s HoloLens to become the best-selling VR devices in history. Many third-party companies use Google Cardboard’s solution to produce their own Cardboard glasses cases. Google itself has also cooperated with many third-party companies and launched the Google Cardboard certification program. According to the Google Store, a single Cardboard glasses case costs $15, and buying two glasses at one time is $5 cheaper. At the same time, there are two other VR devices for users to choose from, namely Google Tech C1-Glass VR Viewer Virtual Reality Viewer and Matte View-Master Virtual Reality Starter Kit.

　　Waze 4.0 will be put into use soon.

　　The new Waze application has been in use for several months, and now it is finally going to be officially announced. Waze is a free application, which uses the GPS information of mobile devices to obtain information about road traffic flow, thus providing better driving routes for car drivers. The new Waze will have a brand-new look, can quickly visit the destinations that users have visited frequently, and improve people’s driving experience. In addition, users can quickly share ETA with friends and family. The new version will be officially put into use soon.

　　Sony PS 3.5 does not support remote operation function.

　　Sony will launch the latest spring update of PS4 firmware system version 3.5 Beta on March 2nd, but it is reported that the PS4 version 3.5, which is in public beta this time, will not support the remote operation function as mentioned before. As early as last November, Sony announced that PS 4 3.5 would support remote operating systems on PCs and Macs, but now it is reported that Sony PS 3.5, which is about to undergo public beta, does not include this function. Sony said that the remote operation function will appear on the next version of PS 4.

　　Neato launched the world’s first sweeping robot controlled by smart watches.

　　Recently, Neato announced the launch of Botvac Connected, the world’s first sweeping robot that can be controlled by smart watches. It is reported that this sweeping robot supports the remote control of Apple Watch and Android Watch. Users only need to connect the worn watch and the sweeping robot to the same wireless network to match, and then they can start and close the cleaning program of the robot on the watch. After the robot completes the cleaning task, the user will also receive the corresponding prompt message on the watch. However, it is reported that Botvac Connected may get stuck in the corner during operation. In addition, the current price of Botvac Connected sweeping robot is 699 US dollars (about 4578 yuan).

　　Microsoft Adapts to "My World" Oculus Virtual Reality Edition

　　The fun game "Minecraft" has achieved great success. Although the thick pixel wind lacks a sense of reality, it is very suitable for virtual reality. Microsoft has run the game on HoloLens, and announced the upgrade of Oculus virtual reality headset. It is reported that this version does not deliberately simulate reality, but is based on three-dimensional scenery, which makes people feel like being in animation and can provide a good virtual reality experience. Compared with the HoloLens version, the Oculus version lacks gestures and voice control, but users can also experience a real sense of speed and height, and also have a 360-degree surround view when moving.

　　China Youth Network compiled the original, please indicate the source of China Youth Network (www.youth.cn), otherwise legal responsibility will be investigated.

In Chengdu, I came across a collector of Chinese medicine books named Wu Bingde.

Walking into the narrow residence of Mr. Wu Bingde in Longmian Street, chenghua district, Chengdu, I saw all the rooms filled with bookshelves, all of which were Chinese medicine books, totaling more than 30,000 volumes. Looking at the whole country, it is rare and surprising that individuals collect so many books on traditional Chinese medicine.

I interviewed Mr. Wu Bingde in this room that exudes books.

A corner of Mr. Wu Bingde’s library. Lin Zhibo

Lin Zhibo: Teacher Wu, why did you choose to collect ancient Chinese medicine books? When did you start collecting?

Wu Bingde:I started collecting medical books in the late 1980s. When I was 22 years old, I graduated from school and went to work in a hospital. Although I have studied various theoretical knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine at school, I have no clinical experience and I am very anxious. On one occasion, I accidentally bought a 70′ s experience prescription book of old Chinese medicine from a street bookstall, which contained prescriptions for diagnosis and treatment of various diseases, curative effects and case analysis, as well as the names of donors. I carefully analyzed the prescriptions, and found the contents to be true and reliable, with strong practicability. I immediately verified three prescriptions in clinic, and all of them achieved good results. In the future clinical practice, when I encounter a difficult problem, I will find the corresponding solution from the book, which will help me a lot. Through continuous research and study, my medical skills have been greatly improved, which makes me convinced that these old medical books are valuable experiences left by my predecessors’ selfless dedication. I must cherish and seriously study their experiences, constantly improve my professional ability, become a famous doctor, and relieve illnesses for more people.

Since then, I have formed an indissoluble bond with old medical books. I go to the old book stand whenever I have time, buy old medical books when I see them, and even go to the old book stand to see if there are any old medical books wherever I visit relatives and friends.

Lin Zhibo: Please tell us, how many ancient Chinese medicine books do you have? How many types are there?

Wu Bingde:So far, I have collected 30,000 volumes for more than 30 years. The contents include:

First, the medical experience, medical records, secret recipes, prescriptions and contributions of old Chinese medicine practitioners all over the country;

Second, local Chinese herbal medicines throughout the country;

Three, all over the country "barefoot doctors" manual, training and learning materials, experience, earthwork law;

Four, the cultivation methods and processing methods of drugs throughout the country;

Five, all kinds of traditional Chinese medicine folk therapies spread among the people and ethnic minorities in China;

6. Various methods of diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine spread among the people in China;

Seven, 50-80 years published a variety of traditional Chinese medicine classics;

Eight, traditional Chinese medicine and Taoism;

Nine, the early liberation of Chinese medicine schools, colleges and universities all over the country the earliest original (tutor) teaching materials, including traditional Chinese medicine, surgery, gynecology, pediatrics, five sense organs, acupuncture and moxibustion, all kinds of original handouts;

Ten, all over the country, the traditional therapy and medicine secret prescription and national medicine;

Eleven, the local Chinese medicine emergency treatment, the local snake first aid methods;

Twelve, the Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China, all kinds of ancestral secret manuscripts, official printed copies;

Thirteen, early all over the country famous orthopedics, famous doctor technique and experience;

Fourteen, 50-70 years around the old Chinese medicine treatment of various tumors and cancers of successful experience, cases, prescriptions, prescriptions;

Fifteen, early local Chinese medicine hospital internal self-use agreement prescription, hospital self-use Chinese medicine pills powder paste Dan preparation method, operation process;

XVI. Formulation method and technological process of pills, powders and pastes with local traditional characteristics in the early days of liberation;

Seventeen, early local ophthalmologists’ experience and prescription in treating eye diseases;

Eighteen, the local old Chinese medicine for external treatment of various diseases formula process operation method;

Nineteen, the experience of local old Chinese medicine practitioners in treating male and female diseases;

Twenty, all kinds of Chinese medicine publications, papers, and precious manuscripts of deceased old Chinese medicine published and printed by local parties all over the country;

Twenty-one, all kinds of Chinese herbal medicine plant specimens.

Lin Zhibo: Since you wanted to be a famous doctor, why did you end up as a collector? What kind of belief makes you stick to the road of collecting for more than 30 years?

Wu Bingde:There are many good doctors, but few collectors specialize in collecting medical books. It is not difficult for me to be a good doctor, but it is very difficult and difficult to be a good collector.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a treasure of Chinese culture, which has been passed down from generation to generation for thousands of years. It has accumulated countless recipes and stunts to cure diseases and save lives. We can’t watch it dating and lost. After countless wandering, I seriously thought, what can I do? I looked at my collection of thousands of medical books, opened the books, and looked at the experiences, experiences, contributions and cases summarized by the ancestors inside, which were particularly good! I think the essence of these Chinese medicine can’t be lost! Let future generations know how our ancestors lived. What keeps you healthy? How to reproduce? Therefore, I made the biggest decision in my life and made a great wish: I will do only one thing in my life and try my best to collect ancient Chinese medicine books all over the country.

From then on, I specialized in collecting ancient medical books. If I don’t be a good doctor, I will collect medical books. I don’t want to be meritorious, but I want to be innocent. I am willing to be a poor collector of Chinese medicine books.

I spent more than 30 years, and spent about 3 million yuan before and after, and collected 30 thousand books on traditional Chinese medicine. There used to be domestic pharmaceutical companies, and even Japanese, Vietnamese and Koreans, who offered 20 million and 30 million yuan to buy my books, but I refused. I’m Chinese, and my collection is to prepare for the revival of Chinese medicine, connecting the past with the future, which is my lifelong responsibility and obligation.

Part of the library. Lin Zhibo

Lin Zhibo: When did your relationship with Chinese medicine begin? You have spent most of your life collecting books on traditional Chinese medicine. What do you rely on to maintain the collection of medical books?

Wu Bingde:I studied medicine since I was a child, and my mother knows some knowledge of herbs and earth methods, which are very useful. I like learning since I was a child, and I have mastered some methods. I am bold, dare to use them, and try again and again. As long as I cure others’ diseases with some small methods, I am very happy and have a sense of accomplishment, although I don’t receive any money.

I entered the Chinese medicine class at the age of 17 and worked in a local hospital. I obtained the qualification certificate of Chinese medicine in the early 1990s. I have worked as a sitting doctor, manager of a pharmaceutical company, run my own company, and have also done small business, including the money earned from part-time work, almost all of which was spent on the collection of Chinese medicine books. In those years, whenever I met a good book, I often borrowed money to collect it. I am often excited because I have found precious books, and I am also happy!

Since my youth, I have been determined to collect books. For more than 30 years, I have experienced hardships and hardships and worked hard for my ideals. In that era of backward information, I traveled all over the country, and my footprints were found all over the country.

In order to save money to collect medical books, I often buy cheap vegetables in the afternoon, and because I don’t have the money to take the bus after buying books, I have to walk more than 20 stops back to my residence with dozens of books on my back. I have lived in Chengdu for more than 20 years and rented a house for decades. I love this city, it gives me hope and fulfills my dream of TCM collection. I am very grateful to this city, because it has fulfilled my lifelong wish.

For me, I want to collect and preserve the roots of Qihuang and spread the traditional Chinese medicine culture. Therefore, my lifelong responsibility is to collect, spread and inherit the culture of traditional Chinese medicine. For this reason, I am doing what I want in obscurity and have no regrets.

Part of the library. Lin Zhibo

Lin Zhibo: You have spent most of your life collecting books on traditional Chinese medicine and realized your ideal. What are your thoughts and wishes now?

Wu Bingde:I am a recluse. I am determined to collect, remain unknown, and persistently collect medical books for decades, because I firmly believe that Chinese medicine will be revitalized, and these handed down experiences of Chinese medicine I have collected will play a role and benefit the public.

My greatest wish is to establish a museum of Chinese medicine classics, so that more young people can understand the profound Chinese medicine culture of our motherland, so that more Chinese medicine practitioners can learn, study and inherit the Chinese medicine culture of our motherland and do something concrete for the revival of Chinese medicine.

Lin Zhibo: Do you have any specific opinions and suggestions on the current development of Chinese medicine?

Wu Bingde:In recent years, my collection has been recognized by relevant state departments and units. I am a member of China Collectors Association, China Traditional Chinese Medicine Association, China Ethnic Medicine Association and executive director of Sichuan Collectors Association.

As a Chinese medicine practitioner, it is very difficult for a large number of folk Chinese medicine practitioners to survive and obtain legal medical qualifications. I hope that the inheritance of folk Chinese medicine experience will not be dated. Because Chinese medicine is rooted in the people, Chinese medicine comes from the people, inherits from the people, and serves the people for thousands of years.

In addition, the traditional Chinese medicine colleges and universities should not throw away the traditional things, but should extensively and deeply study the traditional folk therapies, secret recipes and stunts, and continue the way of teaching from teacher to apprentice.

I also hope to strengthen the quality management of Chinese herbal medicines. Time has proved that the quality of traditional Chinese medicine is the "lifeline" of Chinese medicine, and only the combination of good medicine and good dialectics can play a good role in Chinese medicine.

Special feature of 1905 film network Last night, after the 20th episode of Qingpingle aired, the score of Douban dropped from 8.2 to 7.8.

Where was this 0.4 point deducted? Looking at the online evaluation, many netizens said that "the pace is too slow".

"Slow" has become the label of director Kaizhou Zhang.

Especially in Qingpingle, there will be a long-term intensive dialogue in each scene, and the dialogue content is mixed with literature and white, which tests the patience of the audience. The first two episodes tell little about the plot, but only about the background of the characters and events. Compared with the familiar court drama in the past, Qingpingle is really not cool enough.

With the improvement of the follow-up plot, the number of opponents in the court has gradually increased, and a large number of explanations of names and systems have gradually appeared. At the same time, all kinds of rules and regulations, eating and wearing habits of the Song Dynasty are frequently interspersed in the drama, and the information content of this drama has become larger for a time.

Ouyang Xiu, Fan Zhongyan, Yan Shu and other "reciting celestial groups" appeared one after another.

As a person who has recently finished the dramas such as I am Yu Huanshui and the sideburns are not begonia red, Xiao Dianjun’s attitude towards Qingpingle is even more special. When watching the previous dramas, I was eager to catch up with them in one breath. Only this drama was willing to enter it and slowly taste the exquisite service. Just like Song Renzong and the Queen tasting wine in the play, the taste will naturally "run out" without binge drinking.

What is the most memorable place in Qingpingle?

The drama series is adapted from lady Milan’s novel Lonely City, and the author also participated in the writing of the script. The biggest change this time is that the hero changed from eunuch Liang Huaiji to emperor Song Renzong.

In the original work, the eunuch listened to all directions and wandered around the imperial harem, from which he spied out the ups and downs of various figures inside and outside the palace, thus showing the emotional entanglement of the imperial harem and the power of the imperial monarch and his subjects.

Now, after the protagonist changes, the expectation value has not been weakened, but it has added a few points of visibility.

During Song Renzong’s reign, he was called "the flourishing age of Renzong", so it can be seen that the ambition of Qingpingle lies in creating an era.

Compared with other dynasties, most people know little about the history of Song Dynasty, let alone Song Renzong himself.

But around him, there are many stories familiar to the audience, such as the protagonist of "Civet cats for princes". At the same time, he was also the longest-serving emperor in the Song Dynasty. Although there were no major incidents during the 41 years, he was the favorite emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty.

Most of the literati who once dominated our student days by reciting the full text came from Song Renzong’s dynasties: Fan Zhongyan, Ouyang Xiu, Yan Shu, Sima Guang, Wang Anshi, Su Shi, Su Zhe and Cheng Hao. Therefore, such a drama with a strong sense of history is also very fastidious about the pictures presented.

Director Kaizhou Zhang is a photographer, so his plays pay more attention to the aesthetic feeling of the lens, and are famous for their textured scenery, costumes and props. Last year’s "Do you know if it should be green, fat, red and thin" was exactly the case.

In this play, all these advantages have been retained one by one.

The costumes in "Qingpingle" are all restored in strict accordance with some picture books in the Song Dynasty.

Song Renzong court robes, is wearing a red robe, wearing a Liang Guan; The robe is the queen’s dress for attending the court meeting, receiving books, paying homage and other large-scale affairs. It is woven with dark blue material and bird pattern, and the collar and sleeves are edged with dragon pattern.

In terms of the costumes of officials in the court, there is a scene of "Great Court Meeting" in the play, in which everyone wears uniform court clothes and Liang Guan. Although the clothing styles are basically the same, only the crown and ribbon are used to distinguish the levels. Not only that, the etiquette of the Song Dynasty obeys the historical classics.

In addition to serving the Tao, the lines of this drama are also very particular. They are no longer "minions" and "me" that are common in Qing Palace dramas, but are replaced by "official family" and "big empress", which are commonly used in Song Dynasty.

Nowadays, costume drama is becoming more and more exquisite, and the audience’s aesthetics are getting higher and higher. Therefore, the requirements for costume drama are no longer limited to the plot, but more attention is paid to whether the story and characters can show the beauty of traditional culture. If the sales are flat, it may be difficult for Yan Kong’s young audience to pay the bill.

"National Wind+"has become a new trend

Nowadays, this kind of works with both humanistic connotation and contemporary style has formed a trend. From Empresses in the Palace’s nirvana in fire to this year’s Qingpingle, the sideburns are not begonia red, which are all good examples. In the process of communication, these film and television works make young audiences examine the classic culture with modern eyes.

They use exquisite service to revitalize historical and cultural resources and make traditional cultural elements active in the video. It is therefore popular at home and abroad.

In fact, these dramas, whether it’s the Qing Dynasty drama, the Machiavellian drama in the overhead era or the Xianxia drama, although they don’t take a certain traditional art as the theme, their aesthetic attainments in architecture, clothing, ornaments and props are higher than those of similar dramas, which has formed the current wave of "national style" and set off the aesthetic recognition of the audience.

"Guofeng+"film and television seems to have become the standard of the current costume drama.

In fact, this is not difficult to understand. When we look closely at the present society, it is more and more common to see people wearing Hanfu out of the street. However, the post-90 s and post-00 s net students have a deeper desire and demand for culture through the Internet and other channels. As a result, the "national wind" once became the out-of-circle element of bilibili and Station A..

"Guofeng" is out of the circle on the video platform

In 2011, after the popularity of Empresses in the Palace, the audience frequently discussed Chinese medicine, and even many people dug out ancient books and found the basis in the play. Last year’s hit drama The Untamed, although it was an overhead era, reacted by integrating the costume styles of different dynasties in China, focusing on the adaptation of artistic conception and characters, and even each tribute implied different meanings.

At the same time, pan-entertainment works such as "National Treasure" frequently cause topics among the new generation of audiences. This circle effect has made creators discover the "high demand" of young people at present.

In terms of movies, the restoration of the charm of the late Tang Dynasty in China has been recognized by the public. It can be seen that the use of "national style" is itself an open behavior, but it is also a "high demand" action.

As for the use of the national style, it has made many viewers curious about the bureaucratic salary and class relations in the Ming Dynasty. However, the sequel to the film has also shaped Chongzhen into a two-faced role, breaking the image of the emperor in everyone’s past cognition, but it has caused a lot of controversy.

Therefore, in the content survival, the creators rely on China’s excellent traditional culture to find an aesthetic fulcrum in contact with the spirit of the times, which has become the driving force of the current film and television works. Of course, we must also realize that "national style" is only an added value. Only by telling good stories can the audience really explore the mystery spontaneously and have more opportunities for others to pay attention to it.

CCTV News:According to the report of Beijing Health and Health Commission, from 0: 00 to 24: 00 on November 14th, there were 303 locally confirmed cases and 159 asymptomatic infected persons (including one asymptomatic infected person who was transferred to a confirmed case, of which 257 cases were reported), 394 isolated observers and 67 social screening personnel in Beijing, and there were no new suspected cases. Two confirmed cases imported from abroad and two asymptomatic infected persons were added, and no suspected cases were added. 40 cases were cured and discharged, and 6 cases were asymptomatic infected.

Locally confirmed cases:

Confirmed case 1: I now live in Area 1, No.19 Hospital, Shunsha Road, Changping District.

Confirmed cases 2 and 3: I now live in the third phase of Baigezhuang New Village in Changping District.

Confirmed cases 4 and 45: now living in Dianshang Village, Changping District.

Confirmed case 5: now living in Huafu, Longshan, Changping District.

Confirmed case 6: I now live in the junior high school apartment of Wangfu School Foreign Language School, No.11 Wangfu Street, Changping District.

Confirmed case 7: I live in No.116 Dongwei Road, Chaoyang District.

Confirmed case 8: Now living in Laojuntang Village, Chaoyang District.

Confirmed case 9: Now living in No.3 Yard, Runyuan, Yuanyang, Taying North Street, Chaoyang District.

Confirmed case 10: Now living in Hegezhuang Village, Chaoyang District.

Confirmed case 11: now living in No.50 Anzhenyuan Hospital, Chaoyang District.

Confirmed case 12: now living in the south area of Jiugong Xinyuan, Daxing District.

Confirmed cases 13 and 14: I now live at No.25, Wang Hongbin Street, Dongcheng District.

Confirmed case 15: Now living in Lilianghe Village, Huairou District.

Confirmed case 16: I now live in Building 19, Nord Center, Fengtai District.

Confirmed case 17: I now live at No.22 Fengguan Road, Fengtai District.

Confirmed case 18: Now living in Xingfu Jiayuan Community, Fengtai District.

Confirmed case 19: now living in Zhufangdongzhuang, Haidian District.

Confirmed case 20: currently living in No.1 Hospital of Longshan Jiayuan, Mentougou District.

Confirmed cases 21 and 47: I now live in the construction site of Machang subway station in Dongtai Road, Pinggu District.

Confirmed case 22: Now living in Huanle Song Apartment, hong cun, Xihai, Shunyi District.

Confirmed case 23: currently living in Fuheyuan Community, Tongzhou District.

Confirmed case 24: I now live in Building 18, Baiwanzhuang Street, Xicheng District.

Confirmed case 25: now living in Kanghongjiayuan Community, Dongcheng District.

Confirmed cases 26 and 31: now living in the second district of Wangjing Xiyuan, Chaoyang District.

Confirmed case 27: now living in North Lane, South Taipingzhuang, Chaoyang District.

Confirmed case 28: Now living in Shigezhuang Village, Chaoyang District.

Confirmed cases 29 and 30: now living in Xibahe Beili Property Community, Chaoyang District.

Confirmed case 32: now living in Xiaoguan Beili Community, Chaoyang District.

Confirmed case 33: currently living in No.18 Hospital of Zhouzhuang Community, Chaoyang District.

Confirmed case 34: now living in Sibozi Village, Haidian District.

Confirmed case 35: Now living in Jing Yi Li Community, Changqianyuan, Haidian District.

Confirmed case 36: now living in Qiangyou New Town, Haidian District.

Confirmed case 37: I now live at No.13 Majiapu East Road, Fengtai District.

Confirmed case 38: currently living in Area 4, Shimenying New District, Mentougou District.

Confirmed case 39: now living in Lvwan Xingyuan Community, Fangshan District.

Confirmed case 40: Now living in Shengyuan International Community, Tongzhou District.

Confirmed case 41: currently living in Pi Village, Chaoyang District.

Confirmed case 42: now living in the second district of Tiantong Beiyuan, Changping District.

Confirmed case 43: Now living in Tiangezhuang Village, Shunyi District.

Confirmed case 44: now living in the dormitory of Asuwei Waste Incineration Factory in Changping District.

Confirmed case 46: now living in Longyueyuan District 1, Changping District.

All the above are social screening personnel, and they were diagnosed as confirmed cases on November 14th.

Confirmed cases 48 to 61: currently living in Dongcheng District;

Confirmed cases 62 to 87: currently living in Xicheng District;

Confirmed cases 88 to 176: currently living in Chaoyang District;

Confirmed cases 177 to 195: currently living in Haidian District;

Confirmed cases 196 to 205: currently living in Fengtai District;

Confirmed cases 206 to 208: currently living in Shijingshan District;

Confirmed case 209: currently living in Mentougou District;

Confirmed cases 210 to 212: currently living in Fangshan District;

Confirmed cases 213 to 233: currently living in Tongzhou District;

Confirmed cases 234 to 240: currently living in Shunyi District;

Confirmed cases 241 to 295: now living in Changping District;

Confirmed cases 296 to 301: currently living in Daxing District;

Confirmed case 302: now living in Huairou District.

All the above were isolated observers, and were diagnosed as confirmed cases on November 14th.

Locally asymptomatic infected persons:

Asymptomatic Infected Person 1: Now living in Building 12, Baiqiao Street, Dongcheng District.

Asymptomatic Infected Person 2: I now live in Building 8, Guangqumennei Street, Dongcheng District.

Asymptomatic Infected Person 3: Now living in Xiangfengge Dormitory, No.2 A Xinghua Road, Chaoyang District.

Asymptomatic infected person 4: now living in Jinsong District 8, Chaoyang District.

Asymptomatic Infected Person 5: Now living in No.3 Hospital of Yaojiayuan Xili, Chaoyang District.

Asymptomatic infected persons 6 and 7: now living in Shigezhuang Village, Chaoyang District.

Asymptomatic Infected Person 8: Now living in the second phase of Baiwang Molly Garden in Haidian District.

Asymptomatic Infected Person 9: Now living in Building 63, South Third Ring Road, Fengtai District.

Asymptomatic Infected Person 10: Now living in No.7 Hospital of Fenghuayuan West Street, Fengtai District.

Asymptomatic Infected Persons 11 and 12: Now living in the East Zone of Waterfront Yayuan, Fangshan District.

Asymptomatic infected person 13: now living in the second district of Fuyan New Village, Fangshan District.

Asymptomatic infected person 14: Now living in Gucheng Village, Shunyi District.

Asymptomatic infected person 15: Now living in Baimiao Village, Changping District.

Asymptomatic infected person 16: Now living in Beixintun Village, Daxing District.

Asymptomatic Infected Person 17: Now living in Beijing Construction Engineering Dormitory of Huilongguan Sports and Culture Park in Changping District.

Asymptomatic Infected Person 18: Now living in Beili, shaoyaoju, Chaoyang District.

Asymptomatic infected person 19: Now living in Bairong Jiayuan, Dongcheng District.

Asymptomatic infected person 20: now living in Linyuyuan, the ocean side of Chaoyang District.

All of the above are social screening personnel, and were diagnosed as asymptomatic infected persons on November 14th.

Asymptomatic infected persons 21 to 31: currently living in Dongcheng District;

Asymptomatic infected people 32 to 39: currently living in Xicheng District;

40 to 86 asymptomatic infected people: now living in Chaoyang District;

Asymptomatic infected persons 87 to 97: currently living in Haidian District;

98 to 108 asymptomatic infected persons: currently living in Fengtai District;

Asymptomatic infected persons 109 and 110: currently living in Shijingshan District;

Asymptomatic infected person 111: currently living in Mentougou District;

Asymptomatic infected persons 112 to 115: currently living in Fangshan District;

Asymptomatic infected persons 116 to 129: currently living in Tongzhou District;

Asymptomatic infected persons 130 and 131: currently living in Shunyi District;

Asymptomatic infected persons 132 to 148: currently living in Changping District;

Asymptomatic infected persons 149 to 155: currently living in Daxing District;

Asymptomatic infected person 156: now living in Huairou District;

Asymptomatic infected persons 157 and 158: currently living in Pinggu District;

Asymptomatic infected person 159: now living in Yanqing District.

All of the above are isolated observers, who were diagnosed as asymptomatic infections on November 14th. Confirmed cases abroad: Confirmed case 1: China nationality, arrived at Beijing Capital Airport from Hong Kong, China on November 11th, and was sent to a centralized isolation hotel through closed-loop management, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case on November 14th. Confirmed case 2: Taiwan, China, who arrived at Beijing Capital Airport from Taiwan, China on November 11th, was sent to a centralized isolation hotel through closed-loop management, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case on November 14th. All the above cases have been transferred to designated hospitals, epidemiological investigations have been carried out, and control measures have been implemented as required. Remind the general public and friends not to go out unnecessarily, not to risk areas, not to have dinners, not to get together, not to visit relatives and friends, not to attend banquets, and not to go to crowded places unless necessary. During nucleic acid testing, we should obey the on-site arrangement, queue up in an orderly manner, wear masks correctly, keep a safe distance, not to gather, not to get together, not to talk less, and leave immediately after testing, and do good hand hygiene. Medical staff, mobile workers, testers, community workers, police officers, volunteers and other frontline epidemic prevention and control personnel should do personal protection. When they are in close contact with high-risk groups, collect and remove garbage, and disinfect the environment, please be sure to wear protective clothing, gloves, N95 masks, protective screens or goggles, shoe covers and other protective articles, and do a good job in hand hygiene to ensure their own health and safety.

Summer is full, and the sun is just right.

It’s graduation season.

It is also the harvest season.

UCASer keeps innovating and making progress.

New discovery of two new "four quark states" hadrons

New progress of eggshell of Hami pterosaur

Reveal the carbon cycle mechanism of vitamin community in biological crust

… …

With Guo Xiaowei

Look at the latest issue of scientific research express

01 led the discovery of two new "four quark states" hadrons.

Progress has been made in the study of eggshell composition of Hami pterosaur

Joint research and publication of high quality reference genome of Arabidopsis thaliana

Progress has been made in the study of epigenetic mechanism of perfluorooctanoic acid exposure interfering with reproductive endocrine.

USP7 degradation agent was proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy for p53 mutant cancer.

Revealing the carbon cycle mechanism of microbial community in biological crust

Revealing the evolution mechanism of microstructure of sulfur dioxide aerosol by Dalian light source

08 reveals the ligand recognition and G protein selection regulation mechanism of some serotonin family receptors.

Cloning of important genes regulating soybean grain size and quality

Click on the corresponding title below to read the original report.

Click on the journal name to learn more.

Leading the Discovery of Two New Quaker Hadrons Recently, the LHCb International Cooperation Group of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN announced the discovery of three new exotic particles: a new five quark hadron and two new four quark hadrons which are mutually adjoint states. Among them, two "four quark states" hadrons were discovered by the particle physics team of National Science and Technology University, one with two charges and the other neutral. Their internal structure is very strange: they contain four different types of quark components, and their mass is about 3.1 times that of protons.

This is the first time that a double-charge "four-quark state" hadron has been discovered experimentally, and it is also a hadron partner that has found two completely new quark components at the same time. At the same time, the discovery of these two "four quark states" hadrons provides brand-new experimental evidence for confirming the existence of new material forms beyond the conventional baryons and mesons in nature, which will help deepen human understanding of the most basic structure of matter in the universe. Undergraduate and graduate students of the National Science and Technology University played a key role in it.

Mars, a doctoral supervisor of the National Science and Technology University and a doctoral student of Wang Xiaolin, a researcher at the Institute of vertebrate paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, cooperated with Luo Wugan, an associate professor at the School of Humanities of the National Science and Technology University, to analyze and study the egg fossils of Hami pterosaur in Tianshan Mountain. The results revealed that the main component of the protein-colored eggshell of the pterosaur was fluorapatite.

This study is of great significance to the research and protection of pterosaurs and pterosaur egg fossils. Related research results were published in Heritage Science. Mars is the first author, and Wang Xiaolin and Luo Wugan are the corresponding authors.

Collaborately researching and publishing high-quality reference genome of Arabidopsis thaliana, Wang Ying, an associate professor at the School of Life Sciences of the National Science and Technology University of China, cooperated with Jiao Yuling, a doctoral supervisor at the National Science and Technology University of China and a researcher at the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and obtained a nearly complete reference genome Col-PEK of Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 ecotype by combining long-reading ONT, high-fidelity long-reading PacBio HiFi and short-reading Illumina NovaSeq sequencing data. Col-PEK assembly filled most gaps in all regions including five centromeres.

The related research was published online in Molecular Plant with the title of "A Near-Complete Assembly of an Arabic Genome". Hou Xueren, a doctoral student at National Science and Technology University, is the first author, and Wang Ying and Jiao Yuling are co-authors.

Progress has been made in the study on the epigenetic mechanism of perfluorooctanoic acid exposure interfering with reproductive endocrine. Huang Qingyu, a graduate tutor of National Science and Technology University and a researcher at the Institute of Urban Environment of Chinese Academy of Sciences, revealed the mechanism of histone modification in PFOA interfering with male reproductive endocrine by analyzing the effects of low-dose PFOA exposure on the expression of key genes in testosterone synthesis, the level of hormone synthesis and the status of histone modification (methylation/acetylation) in rats.

The research results were published in environmental science & technology with the title of "low levels of perfluoro petrochemical acid exposure activations steroid hormone biosynthesis through reproducing histone methylation in rats". Han Xueying, a master student of National Science and Technology University, and Md Nur Alam, a doctoral student, are co-first authors, and Huang Qingyu is a correspondent author.

USP7 degrading agent was proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy for p53 mutant cancer. Zhou Bing, Li Jia and Zhou Yubo, doctoral supervisors of National Science and Technology University of China and researchers of Shanghai Institute of Pharmacology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, designed and synthesized the first small molecular probe U7D-1 with high efficiency and selective degradation of USP7, and studied its antitumor activity and mechanism in p53 wild-type cells and p53 mutant cells.

The related research work was published online in angew.chem.int.ed. with the title of "discovery of a potential and selective degrader for USP 7". Pei Yuan and Fu Jingfeng, Ph.D. students of National Science and Technology University, and Shi Yunkai, postdoctoral fellow of Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies of National Science and Technology University, are co-first authors. Zhou Bing, Li Jia and Zhou Yubo are co-authors.

Ho Xuan Huong, a doctoral supervisor of National Science University of China and a researcher of Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, conducted five batches of sampling surveys for four consecutive years on biological crusts (algae crusts, cyanobacteria lichen crusts, green algae lichen crusts and moss crusts) in different succession stages of typical field plots. By using various metagenome technologies and big data model analysis methods, combined with the determination of enzyme activities at physiological level and the correlation analysis of environmental factors, the microbial carbon cycle pattern and its interaction and regulation mechanism of biological crusts were revealed.

The related research results were published online in Soil Biology and Biochemistry with the title of "carbon cycle in the microbial ecosystems of biological soil crusts". Wang Qiong, a doctoral student at National Science and Technology University, is the first author, and Ho Xuan Huong is the correspondent author.

Using Dalian light source to reveal the microstructure evolution mechanism of sulfur dioxide aerosol, Jiang Ling, a graduate tutor of National Science and Technology University of China, a researcher of molecular reaction dynamics State Key Laboratory of Dalian Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Zhang Zhaojun, an associate researcher, discovered the structural evolution mechanism of sulfur dioxide hydrated clusters by using a self-developed infrared spectrum experimental device based on Dalian coherent light source, which provided a new idea for understanding the nucleation mechanism of sulfur dioxide aerosol. This achievement helps to clarify how pollutant molecules grow into clusters step by step, so as to help people better understand the formation mechanism of smog.

The related results were published in the Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters with the title of "Infrred Spectroscopy of Stepwise Hydration Motives of Sulfur Dioxide". Chong Wang and Fu Liangfei, Ph.D. students of National Science and Technology University, are co-first authors.

Revealing the ligand recognition and G protein selection and regulation mechanism of some serotonin family receptors, led by Xu Huaqiang, a doctoral tutor at National Science University and a researcher at Shanghai Institute of Pharmacology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with Zhang Yan, a professor at Zhejiang University, and David E. Gloriam, a professor at Copenhagen University, Denmark, etc. The research results "gpcrs steergi and GS selectivity via tm5-tm6 switches as revealed by structures of serotonin receivers" were published online on Molecular Cell. Huang Sijie and Xu Peiyu, Ph.D. students of National Science and Technology University, Shen Dandan, research assistant of School of Basic Medicine of Zhejiang University, and Icaro A. Simon, University of Copenhagen, Denmark are the co-first authors of this paper.

This study has made another progress in the field of structure and function of serotonin receptor, and successfully analyzed the three-dimensional structure of 5- HT, 5-HT, 5-HT receptor and activated G protein (Gs protein) and 5-HT receptor and inhibited G protein (Gi protein). The structural basis of small molecular ligands 5-HT and 5-CT recognizing 5- HT receptor subtypes was revealed, and the molecular mechanism of 5- HT receptor selectively coupling Gs protein and Gi protein was clarified. Huang Sijie and Xu Peiyu, Ph.D. students of National Science and Technology University, Shen Dandan, research assistant of School of Basic Medicine of Zhejiang University, and Icaro A. Simon, University of Copenhagen, Denmark are the co-first authors of this paper.

Tian Zhixi, a doctoral supervisor of National Science and Technology University of China and a researcher of Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, cloned an important gene regulating soybean grain size and quality. Through genome-wide association study analysis of more than 1,800 soybean germplasm resources, a stable signal interval related to grain thickness was identified on chromosome 5, which overlapped with many reported candidate QTL intervals for yield, oil content and protein content. The team further combined with the analysis of multi-omics data to determine a gene GmST05 (Seed Thickness 05) which controls the thickness and size of soybean seeds.

The research results were published online in Plant Biotechnology Journal with the title "Natural Allelic Variation of GMST 05 Controlling Seed Size and Quality in Soybean". Duan Zongbiao, a doctoral student at National Science and Technology University, and Sharla Cheung, an assistant researcher, are co-first authors, and Tian Zhixi is a correspondent.

This issue of scientific research express is here.

Original title: "New progress in scientific research, coming! 》

Read the original text

　　As a special road facility to help visually impaired people walk, an important prerequisite for blind roads is safety and anti-skid. In recent years, with the continuous acceleration of urban renewal in Zhangzhou, the municipal departments of Zhangzhou have upgraded many roads in the old city, and improved the smoothness and comfort of sidewalks, especially the consistency and safety of blind road traffic, by lowering kerb ramps, connecting blind road breakpoints and repairing damaged pavement bricks. However, there are still many citizens who report that there is a "skid" phenomenon in the blind roads passing through some sections. Is the blind road in Zhangzhou safe and anti-skid? The reporter visited and investigated this.

Venue: Shengli West Road (Xiyangping to Zhangzhou No.1 Middle Section)

Blind road: newly paved permeable brick　

Shengli West Road (Xiyangping-Zhangzhou I Middle Section), which just resumed traffic a few days ago, has a large traffic volume, and pedestrians and electric vehicles travel intensively. The red and gray blocks on the newly paved sidewalk clearly distinguish non-motor vehicle lanes from pedestrian walkways. On the gray pedestrian passage, the yellow blind road paved with permeable bricks is particularly eye-catching.

▲ The blind road of Shengli West Road (Xinhuadu section) is clearly distinguished.

The reporter tried to walk blindfolded on the blind road of this section, and there was a clear concave-convex feeling under his feet. The strip-shaped blind road brick indicating the forward direction was basically the same as the permeable concrete pavement on both sides, and there was no discomfort when he accidentally stepped on the brick surface. The blind road paving brick at the end of the road section has been changed into a round stop brick, and a long gentle slope has also been set when getting off the curb. During the hundreds of meters’ journey, except for the tension caused by "invisibility", there is no feeling of slipping under the feet. Subsequently, the reporter poured water on the brick surface to experiment, and the water quickly penetrated into the brick surface, and there was also a clear sense of friction when stepping on it again.

"Laying blind roads with materials with strong water permeability can minimize water accumulation in rainy days and prevent special people from slipping when passing." The person in charge of the Engineering Department of the Municipal Engineering Center told the reporter that in the reconstruction of this section, Zhangzhou chose silica sand permeable blind brick, and the surface of the brick has many small concave and convex points, which is not only good in water permeability, anti-skid and weathering resistance, but also has the characteristics of noise reduction and sound absorption, which can slightly absorb the noise generated by vehicles while preventing the road from slipping.

Blind roads not only pay attention to non-slip in material design, but also pay attention to the location of laying. "In this renovation, we laid the sidewalk close to the inner side of the building along the street, and the blind road was set in the middle of the sidewalk, as far as possible away from the non-motor vehicle lane, to avoid the non-motor vehicle from accidentally pressing the blind road and slipping to the greatest extent." The person in charge of the project of Zhangzhou Chengtou Municipal Investment Group said that although the original intention of setting the blind road was to provide guidance for the blind on the sidewalk, many citizens would "borrow the road" to ride on the sidewalk when the traffic volume was heavy during the rush hour. If you just ride the strip guide bricks on the blind road at this time and the speed is too fast, it is very likely that the tires will slip and yaw. Especially in rainy days, when driving an electric vehicle through the blind road, it is very easy to slip and swing when changing speed, braking suddenly and turning because of the small tires and weak friction.

"Sometimes when I walk, I will meet someone riding a bicycle in the opposite direction on the sidewalk, and the speed is quite fast. In order to avoid them, I often have to dodge in a hurry. As a visually sound person walking on the road, there are still so many hidden dangers. It is hard to imagine what a blind friend should do if he encounters such a situation when walking in a blind road. " In the view of citizen Huang Ruzhen, electric vehicles should try their best to take non-motor vehicle lanes. When it is really necessary to "borrow roads" to walk on sidewalks, cyclists should also slow down and be polite to pedestrians, and avoid riding in blind areas. Pedestrians should also avoid blind roads when walking. "Don’t occupy blind roads just for the sake of convenience. After all, blind roads are designed for blind people to pass, not for cycling. Only when everyone goes his own way and abides by the rules can the possible hidden dangers be fundamentally eliminated, which also reflects the civilized quality of our citizens. " Huang Ruzhen said.

Venue: Bridge deck of Xinpu Road (Danxia Road to Jiulong Avenue)

Blind road: hot melt marking　

Water-permeable brick has become a new darling in road construction in recent years because of its good water-permeable and anti-skid performance and high safety factor, and is used in more and more municipal road projects. However, in the early road construction before the rise of permeable bricks, the blind roads in some sections of the old city were mainly made of colored bricks, marble slabs and thunderbolt bricks, with different water permeability and anti-skid performance, and many cycling skidding incidents that made the citizens complain often occurred in such sections.

On June 10th, a news report that "the blind road became a slipway and the citizens slipped on rainy days" triggered a heated discussion among many citizens. The reporter visited the bridge deck sidewalk of Xinpu Road (Danxia Road to Jiulong Avenue), where the incident occurred, and found that the blind road in this section had been re-bricked, fenced and set up warning signs.

According to the person in charge of the construction unit, the road section was located in the red line of the bridge, and the early construction was limited by the objective conditions such as insufficient height of the original sidewalk. In order to avoid affecting the bridge structure, only a thin color brick material was selected at that time, although it met the national regulations and there were suppressed strip-shaped blind lines, but with the extension of service life, there was a real risk of slippery when riding through the brick surface in rainy days. Because of the particularity of this section, it is impossible to use thick permeable bricks for laying. In this reconstruction, the construction unit used hot melt materials to mark the blind road guide line.

"In fact, we have rectified this section many times. Because of the limitation of bridge deck construction, we have tried different materials to lay it. Although it is not as high as water permeable bricks, the friction under the feet is enough when the blind people pass through the rectification, even if they walk in rainy days, it is safe. " The person in charge of the construction unit has no choice but to say that whether the blind road is selected with permeable bricks or hot-melt materials, the target object is the blind after all. Non-motor vehicles will "borrow roads" to crush the blind road for a long time, which will lead to excessive load bearing of the paving bricks and serious wear of the brick surface, so the blind road bricks often break and need to be replaced frequently.

"If it is damaged, it will have to be renovated and replaced with bricks. If it is renovated, it will have to be blocked for construction. It is inconvenient for everyone to travel and resentment will be even greater. This is a vicious circle." Xiao Junjie, a resident of a nearby community, sighed.

Coincidentally, the blind road on Zhongshan Bridge is paved with stainless steel due to its special location and early design planning. The reporter saw at the scene that the stainless steel blind road next to the pavilion in the bridge has clear bar and dot indication graphics, but there are many non-motor vehicles parked on the blind road, which has caused obstacles in barrier-free facilities, and the occupied blind road has become a "broken road". "Every time we walk through here, we don’t feel the skid under our feet, but the vehicles touched by the blind guide often make us feel that there is no way to go." Chen Tengwen, a visually impaired person, said helplessly.

▲ Blind Road Dot Stop Brick on Zhongshan Bridge

The person in charge of the Engineering Department of Zhangzhou Municipal Engineering Center told the reporter that in view of the unreasonable layout, non-conforming settings and materials of some blind roads in the early construction, Zhangzhou has continuously intensified its rectification efforts in recent years, focusing on the setting and safety of blind roads while upgrading the sidewalk pavement, so that the blind roads can be "excellent" and more convenient for visually impaired people to pass. At present, the blind roads of Yimin Road, Nanchang Road, Narcissus Street, Yuanguang North and South Road, Xinhua South Road, Ruijing Road, Daxi Lane, Qingnian Road, Shiyuan West Road, Beicang Road, Xiabei Road, Zhishan Park Road, Gan Tang Road, Huimin Road, Jinling Road, Shengli Road and Zhangxiang Road in the central city have all been updated with water-permeable bricks and sand-based water-permeable bricks with good anti-skid performance.

Related links: Creating a civilized city needs you and me to "help the blind"　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　

When the reporter blindfolded and tested whether the blind road was anti-skid from the visual angle of the blind, it was less than 100 meters away and he was frightened.

In the invisible world, I only hear the occasional sound of cars passing by. I was accidentally hit by a passerby who was in a hurry, so I had to stop at once, grope for the concave and convex feeling of the blind road by my feet, find the right direction and take my feet carefully again. A section of the road that can usually be completed in a minute or two, this time it was abruptly "moved" with its feet for more than 20 minutes. Fear is the only thought in my heart; The road under your feet is the only "real thing" that can be touched in the dark world.

The original intention of the experiment is to test whether the blind road is anti-skid, but the process of the experiment can not help but make people think: in a civilized city, can good barrier-free facilities really help the blind to travel? The safety, convenience and comfort of the passage of special people not only test the level of urban builders and managers, but also torture the moral and civilized level of citizens.

Of course, the blind road should be anti-slip, and civilized behavior should be "anti-slip". The blind road is the eyes of the blind. When we park motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles on the blind road, when we put breakfast stalls and newsstands on the blind road, when we ride on the blind road at will, the bricks are damaged, which is like blinding the blind and making them struggle.

A narrow blind road reflects the "people-oriented" concept that runs through the development of modern urban civilization, and also reflects the temperature of the city. Only by paying attention to the details of the construction and caring for the daily trifles can we really weave a "civilized network" to protect and serve special people, so that visually impaired people living in this city can feel more sense of security and happiness in the dark world. The creation of a civilized city needs you and me to "help the blind".

Source: Minnan Daily, Municipal Engineering Center.

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