The foundation of national rejuvenation lies in education, while the whole education lies in primary and secondary schools.

　　A 70-year history of basic education in China is also a true portrayal of new China’s development from backwardness to revitalization. At the beginning of the founding of New China, China’s per capita education was only 1.6 years. In 2018, this figure has risen to 10.6 years, and China’s education has made remarkable achievements.

　　Since the founding of New China, China’s basic education has achieved great-leap-forward development. From 1949 to 2018, the gross enrollment rate of preschool education in China increased from 0.4% (in 1950) to 81.7%, the net enrollment rate of primary school increased from 20% to 99.95%, the gross enrollment rate of junior high school increased from 3.1% to 100.9%, and the gross enrollment rate of senior high school increased from 1.1% to 88.8%, which left a great legacy in the history of human education.

　　70 years of hard work, 70 years of spring and autumn.

　　In the past 70 years, the face of China’s weak education foundation has been completely changed, among which basic education has played an important role. Over the past 70 years, China’s basic education has always walked with the tide of the times, condensed China’s experience for human education, issued China’s voice and contributed China’s wisdom.

　　Re-establish order and get on the right track

　　To rebuild order and stabilize the situation, at the beginning of the founding of New China, China’s basic education was gradually standardized in the process of exploration.

　　In December 1949, the first national conference on education was held after the founding of New China, which defined the general policy of national education and marked the transformation of China from semi-colonial and semi-feudal education to new-democratic education.

　　According to the general policy of education, the decision on the reform of the educational system, the first educational system document in New China, was promulgated in 1951, which made new provisions on the status, years and mutual connection of schools at all levels, and a team of professional teachers was initially formed. In 1952, the Provisional Regulations for Primary Schools (Draft) and the Provisional Regulations for Middle Schools (Draft) were officially promulgated, which comprehensively standardized the education and teaching of primary and secondary schools in China and formed the basic framework of the curriculum of primary and secondary schools in China. According to these two documents, the Ministry of Education has formulated a new syllabus for primary and secondary schools, and a new basic education curriculum system has been initially established in New China.

　　However, the old society left a mess for the education in new China, with illiteracy and semi-illiteracy accounting for more than 80% of the total population, and the enrollment rate of school-age children is only about 20%. Universal education, especially universal primary education, has become the top priority of education in new China.

　　By the end of 1965, China’s basic education had been fully restored, with 14.32 million students in secondary schools and 116.269 million students in primary schools, which were 6.9 times and 3.9 times higher than the highest in 1946 before the founding of New China, respectively, and the enrollment rate of school-age children reached 85%. General secondary education has trained more than 20 million graduates and a large number of labor reserve forces for the country, laying the foundation for the training of senior professionals. From 1949 to 1965, 102.723 million people were illiterate in China, with an average annual literacy rate of 6.043 million.

　　In 1977, education in China ushered in the long-awaited spring. At the beginning of his comeback, Deng Xiaoping volunteered to be in charge of education and science and technology. School education is out of chaos and back on track.

　　China entered the new period of reform and opening up with a heavy historical burden. Although many large-scale literacy campaigns have been carried out throughout the country before, and many times it has been proposed to popularize primary education within a time limit, in the early 1980s, primary education in China was still not universal.

　　The Constitution of People’s Republic of China (PRC) promulgated in 1982 put forward "universal primary compulsory education", which was the first time since the founding of New China that it was determined in the form of a constitution to popularize primary compulsory education in China, and became the fundamental follow-up for popularizing primary compulsory education everywhere.

　　After the reform and opening-up, China has entered a new situation of all-round socialist modernization. Where should the reform of primary and secondary education go? In 1983, the teaching reform experiment of Jingshan School in Beijing has gradually entered a new stage of comprehensive reform of primary and secondary education from a single experiment. With such questions, the teachers and students of this school put questions to Deng Xiaoping in a letter of more than 500 words. A few days later, Deng Xiaoping wrote an inscription for Beijing Jingshan School: "Education should face modernization, the world and the future." These "three aspects" set the beacon of modern education in China and became the general policy of education reform in China.

　　In 1985, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Education System Reform (hereinafter referred to as the Decision) was promulgated. The "Decision" proposed for the first time that "nine-year compulsory education should be implemented step by step". In order to achieve the grand goal of popularizing nine-year compulsory education, according to the national conditions at that time, the responsibility for developing basic education was handed over to local governments, and the state mobilized the enthusiasm of local governments for developing basic education, while local governments also relied on the people to run education. This system reform has promoted the rapid popularization of compulsory education in China.

　　In order to ensure the smooth implementation of compulsory education, in 1986, the nine-year compulsory education was written into the newly promulgated Compulsory Education Law, which provided special legal guarantee for the popularization of compulsory education, and China’s basic education embarked on the track of legalization.

　　A leap towards a big country in human resources

　　An educational history is a historical portrayal of a country’s revitalization and development.

　　From the establishment of universal compulsory education system in the form of national legislation in 1986, education equity rose to the will of the state for the first time, and the goal of "two basics" was fully realized in 2011. In these 25 years, China’s basic education opened a road of "quantity compensation" and "scale expansion".

　　This is a shining link in the history of China: on the one hand, it is connected with China’s century-old dream of popularizing compulsory education, and on the other hand, it is connected with China’s bright future of building a powerful country with human resources.

　　Achieving nine-year compulsory education in an all-round way and basically eliminating illiteracy among young and middle-aged people is a brilliant milestone in the history of education in China and the most ambitious foundation stone project for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　In the mid-1980s, the Republic faced the reality that knowledge regained respect, education order was restored soon, primary education was just popularized, and more than 200 million people were still illiterate and semi-illiterate.

　　In 1992, the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward that "by the end of this century, nine-year compulsory education will be basically popularized and illiteracy among young people will be basically eliminated" as an important goal for the development of China’s education in the 1990s.

　　Throughout the 1990s, education in China has been asking: When will nine-year compulsory education be popularized so that all school-age children can enter schools?

　　In 1993, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Outline of Education Reform and Development in China, which opened a new era of education reform and development in China, and formally took "two basics" as a new goal.

　　At the national conference on education held in 1994, the "two basics" really changed from a goal to a national action, which became the top priority of China’s education work, and a military order was issued in 1996, 1998 and 2000.

　　Dezhou, located in the northwest of Shandong Province, had a local fiscal revenue of only 740 million yuan in 1996. In the three years since the Ninth Five-Year Plan, a total of 860 million yuan was allocated for education. On December 25, 1997, with the last county in Texas passing the acceptance of "Pujiu", this "Pujiu" attack, which lasted for three years and went up and down to Qi Xin, was fully completed.

　　Like Texas, in the 1990s, "Nine-Year Compulsory Education" was launched vigorously throughout the country. At that time, the national construction was still in its infancy, and under the condition of very tight financial resources, the multi-channel school-running strategy was adopted to widely mobilize local governments and the people to hold compulsory education. This has made a great historical contribution to basically achieving the goal of "two basics".

　　On January 1st, 2001, the government of China solemnly announced to the world that China had achieved the strategic goal of basically popularizing nine-year compulsory education and basically eliminating illiteracy among young people as scheduled. By the end of 2000, the population coverage rate in the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" area reached 85%, and the illiteracy rate among young and middle-aged people dropped below 5%.

　　As a result, the Republic has turned from "basic realization ‘ Two basics ’ " To "fully realize ‘ Two basics ’ " Another chapter in. In 2003, the State Council held the first national conference on rural education since the founding of New China, and put forward the requirements for tackling the "two basics" in the western region: realizing the "two basics" goal in the western region in 2007.

　　Achieving this goal faces extremely difficult conditions and special difficulties. Among the 410 counties that have not achieved the "two basics", there are 215 poverty-stricken counties, 309 minority counties and 51 border counties, and the level of compulsory education lags far behind the national average.

　　The biggest denominator of education in China is in rural areas, and the weakest link is also in rural areas. The compulsory education in rural areas, especially in western rural areas, covers a wide range, involving almost all the difficulties of educational equity.

　　In order to solve the funding gap of rural compulsory education, in 2001, the State Council’s Decision on the Reform and Development of Basic Education made a major reform on the management system of rural basic education, which clearly stated that the management of rural compulsory education was "county-oriented" and "people’s education is run by the people" began to shift to the track of "people’s education is run by the government".

　　However, in the central and western regions of China, the county-level finance with weak financial resources is unable to support the funding of rural compulsory education, and there is a general dilemma of "small horse-drawn carts". In 2005, the State Council’s Notice on Deepening the Reform of Rural Compulsory Education Funding Guarantee Mechanism proposed to establish a rural compulsory education funding guarantee mechanism that is divided into projects and shared by the central and local governments in proportion. Rural compulsory education is fully included in the scope of public financial security.

　　In 2006, the newly revised Compulsory Education Law clarified the principle of free compulsory education in legal form, and established the main contents of the reform of compulsory education funding guarantee mechanism. Under the background of abolishing agricultural tax, from the spring semester of 2006, students in rural compulsory education in the western region were exempted from tuition and miscellaneous fees, which were extended to rural areas throughout the country in spring of 2007 and nationwide in autumn of 2008. At this point, compulsory education is "completely free", and the dream of several generations of Chinese has finally come true.

　　Policies such as rural boarding school construction project, "two exemptions and one subsidy" project, modern distance education project in rural primary and secondary schools, and "special post plan" for rural teachers are closely linked and promoted as a whole. In this context, in 2007, the "two basics" attack in the western region was completed as scheduled, and the education in the western region achieved historic changes. In 2011, China achieved universal nine-year compulsory education and basically eliminated illiteracy among young people.

　　This is an honor worthy of being remembered in the annals of history: it took China 25 years to complete the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" task that took the United States 100 years to complete, and completed the perfect turn from a populous country to a big country in human resources.

　　We have fully realized the "two basics" in a country that accounts for one-fifth of the world’s population and made great contributions to the civilization and progress of all mankind. According to UNESCO statistics, the enrollment rate of children in the world has increased from 80% to 84%, and China has contributed; From 1990 to 2005, there were 100 million illiterates in the world, including 90 million in China. Among the nine populous developing countries, China is the only country that has fully realized nine-year compulsory education, and has become an important force to promote the development of education for all in the world.

　　In this great journey towards equality of educational opportunities, the "two basics", like a spark, have played an important turning point in basic education in series. Educational supervision system originated from "two basics", free compulsory education was realized in "two basics", balanced development started in "two basics", and the concept of quality education was born out of "two basics" … …

　　When quantity is no longer the biggest problem faced by basic education, the voice of quality improvement is getting higher and higher. People are more and more aware of the disadvantages of one-sided pursuit of enrollment rate, and begin to pay attention to people’s all-round development and understand the law of education better.

　　In this context, in 1999, the third national conference on education since the reform and opening up was held in Beijing, with the theme of "deepening education reform and comprehensively promoting quality education". In the same year, the Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Deepening Education Reform and Promoting Quality Education in an All-round Way was promulgated, which clarified the objectives, contents and safeguard measures of quality education.

　　Make a final decision Taking this as a symbol and paying attention to connotation development has become an important melody of basic education in China since the new century, bringing a new atmosphere to education in China.

　　The wind rises and sails again, and the development of basic education opens a new voyage.

　　Pursue fair and quality education

　　Seeking happiness for the people is the initial intention of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that people’s yearning for a better life is our goal.

　　When the Communist Party of China (CPC) put forward the ruling idea of "people-centered", people found that this idea was also implemented in the educational action in China.

　　The basic education that has entered the new era has changed from "learning" to "learning", which reflects the people’s yearning for a better life and their expectation for the future. People’s sense of gain has become an important value orientation of basic education, and balanced development and quality improvement have become the new coordinates of the development of basic education in China.

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward that "every child should strive to enjoy a fair and quality education". From basic balance to high-quality balance, from fair educational opportunity to pursuing high-quality educational fairness, it constitutes the main theme of basic education in China in the new period. They all point to the proper meaning of education: paying attention to the all-round development of people and giving every child a chance to shine in life.

　　From basic balance to high-quality balance, a series of measures have landed:

　　In 2002, the "Notice of the Ministry of Education on Strengthening the Management of Basic Education" formally put forward the goal of "actively promoting the balanced development of schools in the compulsory education stage". Since then, "key schools and key classes" have been gradually cancelled.

　　According to the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan (2010— In 2020), a series of major basic education projects, such as the nutrition improvement plan for rural compulsory education students and "all-round thinning", have been implemented one after another. These projects are beneficial to the present and the future, and the bottom of basic education can’t be reached. Balanced development is empty talk.

　　In order to speed up the overall allocation of compulsory education resources in urban and rural areas, in 2016, the State Council issued "Several Opinions on Promoting the Integrated Reform and Development of Compulsory Education in Urban and Rural Areas in Counties", and ten measures such as eliminating large classes were subsequently introduced.

　　With the promulgation of "Measures for Supervision and Evaluation of High-quality and Balanced Development of County Compulsory Education" in 2017, China’s compulsory education has entered the stage of "high-quality and balanced" from "basic balance". By the end of 2018, 92.8% of counties (cities, districts) in China had passed the supervision and evaluation of the balanced development of compulsory education.

　　On the premise of paying attention to the degree of fair access to educational opportunities, basic education is focusing on the quality of the people’s acquisition process and the satisfaction of the results, comprehensively and systematically improving the quality, promoting the comprehensive reform of basic education, and constantly approaching the goal of quality education equity.

　　Who to train is the primary problem of education. In 2014, when General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited Peking University, he pointed out that "the buttons of life should be buckled from the beginning"; During the investigation in Haidian District Ethnic Primary School in Beijing, it was pointed out that children should "remember the requirements, set an example, start from an early age and accept help" when cultivating and practicing socialist core values. On September 10, 2018, at the National Education Conference, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader delivered an important speech, pointing out that "efforts should be made to strengthen moral cultivation, educate and guide students to cultivate and practice socialist core values, improve their moral character in a down-to-earth manner, and become a person with great love, virtue and great feelings."

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has issued the Guide to Moral Education in Primary and Secondary Schools and compiled the Implementation Manual of the Guide to Moral Education in Primary and Secondary Schools, and made great efforts to build a moral education system with correct direction, perfect content, cohesive learning segments, rich carriers and normal development.

　　Classroom is the most critical link of quality. Since the launch of the eighth curriculum reform, the classroom has changed from imparting knowledge to students’ active learning, and "teaching and learning" has undergone profound changes, strengthening the role of the classroom as the main position; In the autumn of 2017, the textbooks of ethics and rule of law, Chinese and history of compulsory education were put into use in the initial grade of compulsory education, which marked that the textbooks of the three subjects had changed from "one syllabus and many books" to unified compilation, examination and use. This was a major deployment to run compulsory education with China characteristics and safeguard the long-term stability of the country with an eye to the requirements of the times.

　　Basic education is the foundation of education, and teachers are the foundation of foundation. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader is very concerned about the construction of the teaching staff, and calls on teachers to be "four haves" and "four guides" for students.

　　In order to make up for the shortcomings of rural teachers, since 2012, the "National Training Program" has trained more than 14 million teachers. The central and western provinces recruited 510,000 special post teachers, optimizing the structure of rural teachers. In addition, the establishment and improvement of the salary guarantee system and the evaluation and employment system of teachers’ professional titles have enhanced the professional attraction of grassroots teachers. In January 2018, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Opinions on Comprehensively Deepening the Reform of Teachers’ Team Construction in the New Era, which described the grand blueprint for teachers’ team construction in the new era.

　　At the same time, the "baton" of evaluation is also turning. In 2014, the "Implementation Opinions of the State Council on Deepening the Reform of Examination Enrollment System" was promulgated, which established the examination enrollment model of classified examination, comprehensive evaluation and multiple admission. In the same year, the new college entrance examination was first implemented in Shanghai and Zhejiang. At the same time, since the Ministry of Education issued the "Guiding Opinions on Further Promoting the Reform of Entrance Examination System in Senior High Schools" in 2016, most provinces and cities have successively announced the implementation plan for the reform of the senior high school entrance examination suitable for the region. The gradual establishment of a scientific evaluation system oriented to the development of quality education has forced the front line of basic education to accelerate the pace of reform.

　　Basic education concerns everyone and is a basic project to improve the quality of the people and realize the prosperity of the country. Implementing the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, making efforts to improve quality and promote fairness, and striving to run a basic education that the people are satisfied with will become the strongest note for the future development of basic education.

　　After the National Education Conference, the central government successively issued three documents on the reform and development of preschool education, compulsory education and ordinary senior high schools: Several Opinions on Deepening the Reform and Normalization of Preschool Education, Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Reform of Educational Methods in Ordinary Senior High Schools in the New Era, and Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Education and Teaching and Improving the Quality of Compulsory Education in an All-round Way, which made a systematic design for the reform of basic education in the new era, marking that China’s basic education has entered a new stage of comprehensively improving the quality of educating people. The publication of China Education Modernization 2035 has become a programmatic document to accelerate the modernization of basic education in the new era.

　　From 1.6 years of education per capita to 10.6 years in 2018, from a big illiterate country to the full realization of nine-year compulsory education, from "not going to school" to "going to school" to "going to school" … … Looking back on the 70-year history, basic education has laid the foundation of national education in China, achieved great changes from scale expansion to connotation construction, and embarked on a road of basic education with China characteristics.

　　Today, China has more than 500,000 schools with nearly 240 million students in the basic education stage, which has provided strong intellectual support and talent reserve for the vigorous development of education at all levels and for China’s economic and social development and the improvement of comprehensive national strength.

　　Learning to teach determines the future of each child, affects the joys and sorrows of countless families and concerns the hope of a nation. Stepping into a new era, from a big education country to a strong education country, basic education will continue to write a new chapter for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. (Reporter Wang Jiayuan)

　　A few days ago, the 2017 "Top Ten Scientific and Technological Progress of Chinese Colleges and Universities" organized and selected by the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Education was announced in Beijing after the evaluation process of college declaration and publicity, formal review, preliminary evaluation of the department and final review of the project.

　　The selection of "Top Ten Scientific and Technological Progress in Chinese Colleges and Universities" has been held for 20 times since it was launched in 1998. This selection activity has played a positive role in improving the overall level of science and technology in colleges and universities and enhancing their scientific and technological innovation ability, and has had a great social impact and won a high reputation.

　　The list of selected projects in 2017 (attached) is now published. The list of selected projects is sorted according to the phonetic order of the host unit, in no particular order.

List of Selected Projects of "Top Ten Scientific and Technological Progress of Chinese Colleges and Universities" in 2017

　　Note: Sorted according to the phonetic order of the reporting host, in no particular order.

Introduction of Selected Projects of "Top Ten Scientific and Technological Progress in Chinese Colleges and Universities" in 2017

　　1. Research on the new principle of light field regulation in asymmetric microcavity.

　　The conservation of momentum is one of the objective laws of nature, which reflects the nature of time and space. The generalized momentum of a closed system always remains unchanged. As one of the main physical systems to enhance the interaction between light and matter, the direct coupling between optical microcavity and external light field needs to meet the momentum matching condition, but it is often only realized in a narrow spectral range, which makes the broadband optical physics and application of microcavity face challenges.

　　Academician Gong Qihuang and researcher Xiao Yunfeng of Peking University’s "extreme optics innovation research team" put forward a new principle of chaos-assisted photon momentum conversion in asymmetric optical microcavity, which realized efficient and ultra-wide spectrum optical coupling in optical microcavity. Asymmetric optical microcavity breaks the spatial rotational symmetry and regulates the local light field, thus obtaining a quasi-continuous chaotic mode while supporting the discrete echo wall mode. Photons first refract from the nano-waveguide into the chaotic mode of microcavity; Chaotic motion makes the angular momentum of incident photons increase rapidly in picosecond time scale; Then the dynamic tunneling process realizes its efficient coupling with the echo wall mode. Chaos-assisted coupling no longer needs momentum matching between microcavity and waveguide mode photons, and is expected to play an important role in integrated photonics and information processing. In addition, they also used the nonlinear modulation of optical Kerr effect to observe the spontaneous symmetry breaking of microcavity light field for the first time in experiments, and obtained the chiral light field of microcavity.

　　The research results were published in Science and Physical Review Express respectively, which attracted wide attention from international academic circles, and were featured by more than ten international scientific and technological media such as Phys.org and ScienceDailey, marking that the research on microcavity optics in China has reached a new height.

　　Second, 5 nm carbon nanotube CMOS devices

　　Chip is the foundation and driving force of the information age, and the existing CMOS technology will touch its limit. Carbon nanotube technology is considered as an important option in the post-Moore era. Theoretical research shows that carbon nanotube transistors are expected to provide higher performance and lower power consumption, and it is easier to realize three-dimensional integration, and the comprehensive advantages at the system level will be as high as thousands of times, so chip technology may be promoted to a new height. Professor Peng Lianmao’s team from the Department of Electronics of Peking University made a major breakthrough in the physics, preparation technology and performance limit exploration of carbon nanotube CMOS devices, abandoned the traditional doping process, controlled the polarity of the transistor by controlling the electrode material, and suppressed the short channel effect. For the first time, a high-performance carbon nanotube transistor with a gate length of 5 nm was realized, which surpassed the best silicon-based transistor at present and approached the physical limit determined by the principle of quantum mechanics, and it is expected to push CMOS technology to a technical node below 3 nm. On January 20, 2017, the landmark achievement was published online in Science (2017, 355: 271-276) with the title of Scaling Carbon Nanotube Complete Transistors to 5-nm Gate Lengths. It has been publicly and positively cited by peers including IBM researchers for 24 times in journals such as Science and Natural Nanotechnology, and has been selected as a highly cited paper of ESI.Related work was reported by mainstream academic media at home and abroad such as Nature Index, IEEE Spectrum, Nano Today, Science and Technology Daily and Xinhua News Agency. People’s Daily (Overseas Edition) commented that the working speed of carbon tube transistor is three times that of Intel’s most advanced commercial silicon transistor with 14 nm, and the energy consumption is only one quarter of it, which means that China scientists are expected to catch up with their foreign counterparts in chip technology and it is a new milestone in the development of information technology in China.

　　Third, early intervention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

　　Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third major cause of death in China. The prevalence rate of COPD among people aged 40 and above in China is 8.2%, of which 70.6% are early patients with no obvious symptoms. These patients are easily overlooked and missed diagnosis because of their mild symptoms or even no obvious symptoms. When patients have obvious symptoms such as shortness of breath, most of them are in the middle and late stage of the disease. During this period, the treatment effect of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is poor, and the mortality rate, readmission rate and disability rate are high, which brings a heavy burden to patients’ families and society.

　　For the first time, the team of Ran Pixin of Guangzhou Medical University carried out a multi-center clinical trial for patients with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and found that inhalation of anticholinergic drug tiotropium bromide can significantly improve the lung function and quality of life of patients with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, slow down the annual decline rate of lung function and reduce acute exacerbation. In view of the low popularity of pulmonary function examination and the high missed diagnosis rate of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China, a new screening technology for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was developed, which provided support for early diagnosis and early intervention. In order to cooperate with drug treatment, a community-based stratified and accurate comprehensive prevention and treatment model was established, and it was found that reducing the exposure of biofuel smoke could reduce the risk of COPD.

　　This study puts forward the early intervention strategy of COPD for the first time. It is suggested that high-risk groups who smoke for a long time and are exposed to polluted air and biofuel smoke should be screened early. Once diagnosed, even if there are no obvious respiratory symptoms, comprehensive intervention measures such as quitting smoking, reducing biofuel smoke exposure and drug treatment should be started in time to prevent further decline of lung function and disease development, and improve the comprehensive prevention and treatment level of COPD.

　　Four, the key technology and industrialization of high performance CNC system

　　High-performance CNC system is the foundation of developing high-end manufacturing equipment and represents the core competitiveness of national manufacturing industry. High-performance CNC systems and machine tools, such as high speed and high precision, five-axis linkage, multi-axis and multi-channel, are the bottleneck problems, which seriously affect the social and economic development of our country.

　　With the support of major national science and technology projects and enterprises, the team of Professor Chen Jihong from Huazhong University of Science and Technology "Industry-University-Research" jointly tackled key problems and developed a series of high-performance CNC system complete products. Build an all-digital and open CNC system software and hardware platform; The control functions such as multi-axis linkage and multi-channel are developed, and the motion control of complex trajectory is realized. A high-speed nano-interpolation method based on flexible acceleration and deceleration is proposed to develop high-speed, high-precision and high-stiffness drive control technology. Invented an analysis method based on big data in command domain, and realized intelligent applications such as health assessment, tool breakage monitoring and process parameter optimization of CNC machine tools. It won 1 second prize of national scientific and technological progress and 5 first prizes at provincial and ministerial levels, forming 13 national and industry standards.

　　The achievements have been applied to more than 2,000 enterprises such as Shen Fei, Chengfei, No.8 Aerospace Institute, No.9 Nuclear Institute, Pushing Ningjiang, etc., realizing the batch application of high-end CNC equipment and weapons and equipment in aerospace, energy and power, automobiles and their parts, 3C manufacturing, machine tools and other fields, and providing important technical support for the independent control of high-end CNC equipment in China. Appraised by China Machinery Industry Federation, its function, performance and reliability have reached the advanced level abroad, and it can replace imports. In the field of aerospace processing and manufacturing, domestic high-grade CNC has achieved a "zero breakthrough".

　　Five, deep-sea high-precision underwater acoustic integrated positioning technology

　　Guided by the deep-sea high-precision underwater acoustic integrated positioning system developed by Harbin Engineering University, China’s "Deep-sea Warrior" manned submersible quickly found the predetermined underwater target in the depth of 3500m in the South China Sea on September 29th this year, and achieved "finding a needle in a haystack", which indicates that China’s deep-sea high-precision underwater acoustic positioning equipment and technology have reached the international leading level.

　　Acoustic wave is the only effective information carrier underwater so far, and high-precision underwater acoustic positioning is the key for human beings to rely on many underwater submersibles to enter, explore and develop the deep sea. However, in order to achieve the same positioning performance as satellites underwater, we must overcome the challenges such as complex underwater acoustic channel environment, serious interference from underwater acoustic platform and difficulties in realizing independent intellectual property system.

　　After eight years of hard work, Professor Sun Dajun’s team has successively overcome key technologies such as deep-sea high-precision ultra-short baseline positioning (won the second prize of national technological invention in 2016), integrated positioning with ultra-short baseline array on water surface and long baseline array distributed on seabed, and solved the problem of asynchronous high-precision positioning with large time delay caused by slow ocean sound speed and platform movement. The underwater acoustic integrated positioning system with independent intellectual property rights (6 invention patents granted in 2017) has been developed, with deep-sea positioning accuracy of 0.3m and positioning efficiency exceeding. Successfully supported the just-concluded maiden voyage test of China’s "Deep Sea Warrior" and the comprehensive investigation and scientific investigation of China’s most advanced scientific research ship "Science" in the South China Sea, laying a solid technical and equipment foundation for China’s deep-sea practice such as scientific exploration of the 10,000-meter abyss "Mariana Trench".

　　Six, high orbit satellite-ground two-way high-speed laser communication system technology

　　The technology of high-orbit satellite-ground bidirectional high-speed laser communication system is one of the frontier scientific fields related to the overall situation and long-term development strategy of the country. The successful completion of the project marks that China has reached the international forefront in the field of space laser communication and is another new milestone in the field of satellite communication.

　　Satellite laser communication has the advantages of large communication capacity, long transmission distance and good confidentiality. It is an irreplaceable means to build a space information superhighway, and it is also the frontier science and technology in the current international information field. Satellite-to-ground laser communication in high orbit needs to achieve high-precision capture between the satellite and the ground station, effectively overcome the influence of satellite motion, platform jitter, complex space environment and other factors, and maintain the continuous high-precision and stable alignment of the laser beam, which is extremely difficult in technology and is a hot spot that countries are competing to develop at present.

　　On April 12, 2017, the laser communication terminal developed by Tan Liying of Harbin Institute of Technology was launched into orbit with the satellite. From May to August, 2017, the high-orbit satellite-ground bidirectional high-speed laser communication system realized "precise alignment, stable maintenance and high-speed communication" between the satellite and the ground station with a distance of nearly 40,000 kilometers. The two-way high-speed information transmission channel between satellite and ground established by laser beam has successfully carried out communication data transmission, real-time forwarding and storage forwarding with the highest transmission data rate of 5 Gbps per second, which is the highest transmission data rate of high-orbit satellite laser communication in the world so far, and its performance and technical indicators have reached the international leading level.

　　The two-way high-speed laser communication system between high orbit satellite and earth has established a high-speed backbone channel in the information network between heaven and earth, which has laid an important foundation for the establishment of an integrated information network between heaven and earth in China in the future.

　　Seven, "bait mode"-a new mechanism of pathogenic bacteria

　　Crop diseases caused by Phytophthora were once called "plant plagues", which seriously threatened global food and ecological security. In the mid-19th century, the European potato late blight epidemic caused millions of people to starve to death or flee, and this "Irish famine" was called a turning point in human history. At present, the annual losses caused by epidemic diseases in the world are still as high as more than 20 billion dollars. Crop diseases break out and spread quickly in the field, causing serious harm. Because of the complex genome of Phytophthora and the lack of understanding of pathogenic mechanism, the research and development of prevention and control technology is seriously restricted.

　　Team Wang Yuanchao of Nanjing Agricultural University systematically studied the action mechanism of Phytophthora effector around the main weapon "effector" that Phytophthora attacks plants. It was found that Phytophthora can secrete glycosyl hydrolase XEG1 to degrade plant cell walls, while plants secrete protease inhibitor GIP1 to inhibit the activity of XEG1. The inactivated mutant XLP1, which can secrete hydrolase, acts as a "bait" to interfere with the defense response, and cooperates with XEG1 to attack plant disease resistance. In addition, it was also found that Phytophthora secreted effector into host cells to destroy plant disease resistance by interfering with histone acetylation.

　　This achievement was published in Science, Current Biology and New Phytologist in 2017, and was reviewed by many magazines such as Nature chemical biology. The "bait model" found in this study is a brand-new pathogenic mechanism and a major theoretical breakthrough in the field of biological interaction in recent years. Because this mechanism is universal in pathogenic bacteria, it not only has guiding significance for improving the persistent disease resistance of crops, but also provides new clues for developing new biological pesticides, which has potential application prospects in the field of green production of crops.

　　Eight, eukaryotic yeast long chromosome chemical reconstruction

　　Genome design and synthesis is a brand-new design and construction of genome from scratch, which can shape life as needed, open the door of transforming from inanimate matter to living matter, and promote life science research from understanding life to creating life. Genome design and synthesis provides a new way to deepen understanding of basic scientific issues such as life evolution, the relationship between genome and function. However, genome synthesis faces some problems, such as the difficulty of precise synthesis of long chromosomes and cell inactivation caused by synthetic chromosomes.

　　After more than five years’ exploration, the teams of Yuan Yingjin of Tianjin University, Yang Huanming of shenzhen huada gene research institute and Junbiao Dai of Tsinghua University completed the chemical total synthesis of four long chromosomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and created the rapid localization method of genome defect targets and the precise repair technology of multi-target fragment co-transformation, which solved the problem of cell inactivation caused by chemical synthesis of long chromosomes and realized the complete matching between the synthetic sequence of long chromosomes and the designed sequence. A multi-level modular and parallel chromosome synthesis strategy was created, and the rapid customized synthesis from small molecular nucleotides to eukaryotic long chromosomes was realized. The artificial ring chromosome was constructed, which established a research model for the mechanism and potential treatment of the currently incurable chromosome ring disease.

　　On March 10th, 2017, this research published four Science papers in the form of long articles, which attracted great attention from experts and media at home and abroad, and was highly praised by articles published in journals such as Science, Nature, Nature Biotechnology, NatureReviews Genetics and Molecular Cell.

　　Nine, coal supercritical water gasification hydrogen generation and power generation technology

　　On December 25th, 2016, Xi ‘an Jiaotong University transferred the "Polygeneration Technology for Hydrogen Production and Power Generation from Coal Supercritical Water Gasification" proposed by Professor Guo Liejin and successfully developed by the team for 20 years to Shaanxi CNNC Jiaotong University, an industrialized investment group, at a price of 150 million yuan, which officially started the industrialization of this technology. Over the past year, the team has continued to tackle key problems, developed a system integration and matching method for large-scale engineering cogeneration of this technology, solved the key technologies and auxiliary engineering technologies existing in industrialization, completed the technical design of two large-scale engineering demonstration devices such as cogeneration and hydrogen-heat cogeneration, and promoted the industrial investment group Shaanxi CNNC Jiaotong University to jointly invest 420 million yuan and 500 million yuan in Xi ‘an Chengtou Group and Yulin Environmental Protection Group respectively to carry out the construction of the first demonstration projects of cogeneration systems such as heat, electricity and hydrogen.

　　This technology can solve the smog-causing coal-fired gas pollutants such as SOx and NOx and dust emission from the source. The mixed product gas composed of supercritical water, H2 and CO2 can be used for hydrogen production, power generation, heat supply and steam supply. CO2 enrichment and resource utilization can be naturally realized in the process, which can improve the coal-electricity conversion efficiency of generator sets by at least 5 percentage points, reduce the one-time investment by 30%, save water and lower the operating cost. The third-party demonstration expert group believes that "the technology has completely independent intellectual property rights, the technology is feasible and the economy is reasonable". Investors believe that this technology "realizes the efficient, clean and pollution-free utilization of coal energy, which will surely bring about profound changes in energy technology and make great contributions to global energy conservation and emission reduction".

　　Ten, high-speed railway train dynamic effect test system (iHSRT)

　　The running speed of high-speed railway trains is high, which is close to or exceeds the wave propagation speed of subgrade soil. The vibration generated by train operation can not spread out in time, causing shock wave phenomenon and Mach effect, resulting in excessive vibration and cyclic cumulative settlement of subgrade, which affects train safety and ride comfort. It is of great scientific significance and engineering value to study the dynamic effect of railway subgrade caused by high-speed train operation under controllable conditions in the laboratory.

　　Academician Chen Yunmin, led by Professor Bian Xuecheng of Zhejiang University, invented the world’s first test device for dynamic effects of high-speed railway trains. The device converts the running load of the train into vertical dynamic load acting on a series of sleepers, and realizes the loading of the subgrade by the high-speed movement of the train axle by accurately controlling the loading phase difference of adjacent vibration exciter. The whole test system consists of train loading exciter array, loading control system, full-scale line model and test system, and the maximum speed is 360 km/h. The core technology won 2 invention patents in the United States and 8 invention patents in China.

　　Using this system, the Mach effect of saturated subgrade and dynamic soil arching effect of pile-supported subgrade accompanied by the sharp increase of dynamic pore pressure are found, and the dynamic stress amplification effect, attenuation law along depth, cyclic cumulative settlement law and mechanism of excessive settlement in high-speed railway subgrade are revealed. Based on this, the evaluation, control and repair methods of subgrade cyclic cumulative settlement are put forward, which have been successfully applied to more than 10 high-speed rail and subway projects on soft soil foundation, and achieved remarkable social and economic benefits. Ten papers were published in international authoritative journals, among which the papers published in Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering were rated as "Most Cited Articles".

Summary of Guangzhou’s economic development in 2007 In 2007, our city thoroughly implemented the spirit of the 17th National Congress, consciously practiced Scientific Outlook on Development, fully implemented the central macro-control policies, constantly accelerated the adjustment of economic structure and the transformation of development mode, and made great efforts to deepen reform and open wider to the outside world. The economic operation showed four main characteristics: rapid economic growth, remarkable improvement of benefits, continuous adjustment of structure and gradual improvement of people’s livelihood. However, in the economic operation of our city, there are still some problems that need attention, such as structural contradictions are still outstanding, the ability of independent innovation needs to be strengthened, and it is more difficult to save energy, reduce consumption and reduce emissions. First, the basic judgment is good and fast. According to preliminary accounting, Guangzhou’s GDP in 2007 was 705.078 billion yuan, up by 14.5%, 3.1 percentage points faster than that of the whole country and the same as that of the whole province. Among them, the added value of the first, second and third industries was 16.109 billion yuan, 281.689 billion yuan and 407.280 billion yuan, up by 5.0%, 15.6% and 14.1% respectively. At the same time, the growth rate of local general budget revenue in the city was 7.6 percentage points higher than that of the previous year; The comprehensive index of economic benefits of industrial enterprises above designated size was 225.96, an increase of 24 points over the previous year. It is estimated that the energy consumption per 10,000 yuan GDP in Guangzhou will decrease by 4% year-on-year, and the emissions of sulfur dioxide and chemical oxygen demand will decrease by 8.8% and 2.2% respectively. Supply and demand are booming. From the perspective of production and supply, agricultural production has grown steadily, industrial production has grown rapidly, and the tertiary industry has developed rapidly. From that perspective of demand pull,The consumer market continued to flourish, investment in fixed assets grew steadily, and foreign trade slowed down steadily. Although the growth rate of foreign trade exports has slowed down, the pulling effect of export demand is still obvious. Highly prosperous. In the first quarter to the fourth quarter, the city’s business prosperity index was 145.7, 149.6, 150.9 and 149.1, respectively, and the entrepreneur confidence index was 149.9, 145.0, 152.3 and 148.5, respectively, and the economy continued to operate in a high prosperity zone. Ii. main features (1) rapid economic growth and steady growth of agricultural production. In 2007, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery reached 28.540 billion yuan, up 5.6% over the previous year, of which the output value of agriculture (planting) was 13.637 billion yuan, the output value of forestry was 420 million yuan, the output value of animal husbandry was 7.022 billion yuan, the output value of fishery was 4.873 billion yuan, and the output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services was 2.588 billion yuan, up 3.4% respectively. Industrial production has grown rapidly. First, the total growth rate is fast. In 2007, the city’s industrial enterprises achieved a total industrial output value of 987.057 billion yuan, an increase of 20.0% over the previous year, and the growth rate accelerated by 3.1 percentage points. Second, heavy industry has developed rapidly. The total output value of light and heavy industries was 372.383 billion yuan and 614.674 billion yuan respectively, up by 15.2% and 23.1% respectively, and the growth rate of heavy industry was 7.9 percentage points faster than that of light industry.Third, high-tech industries have developed rapidly. The city’s industrial enterprises realized the output value of high-tech products of 296.309 billion yuan, an increase of 28.7%, 8.7 percentage points faster than the city’s industrial development level. Fourth, the driving effect of automobile manufacturing industry is remarkable. The total industrial output value of the three pillar industries was 386.756 billion yuan, an increase of 24.1%. The output values of automobile, electronics and petrochemical manufacturing industries were 162.226 billion yuan, 83.723 billion yuan and 140.807 billion yuan respectively, up by 37.4%, 1.7% and 26.7% respectively, and their contribution rates to the industrial growth above designated size were 27.20%, 1.73% and 18.81% respectively. At the same time, the auto parts manufacturing industry grew strongly, with an annual output value of 30.915 billion yuan, an increase of 74.4%, which was 54.1 percentage points higher than that of industries above designated size in the city. The tertiary industry developed rapidly. First, the transportation, post and telecommunications industries grew rapidly. In 2007, the city’s freight volume was 456.6403 million tons, an increase of 6.8% over the previous year; Passenger traffic was 511,572,700, an increase of 16.9%; Passenger turnover was 128.924 billion person-kilometers, an increase of 18.1%. The passenger throughput of Baiyun Airport was 30,955,100 passengers, an increase of 18.1%; The airport cargo and mail throughput is 894,900 tons. The annual port cargo throughput was 368,644,100 tons, up by 12.3%, of which Guangzhou Port cargo throughput was 341,362,800 tons. Port container throughput is 9,932,900 TEUs,An increase of 36.9%. In 2001, the revenue from post and telecommunications business reached 25.126 billion yuan, an increase of 8.9%. The second is the rapid growth of tourism. The city’s tourism industry achieved a total revenue of 79.815 billion yuan, an increase of 13.9%. The city received a total of 33.3873 million overnight tourists, an increase of 12.8%; Among them, there were 6,113,300 overseas tourists, an increase of 8.3%. Third, the real estate market is active. The city’s investment in real estate development increased by 26.4%, an increase of 16.8 percentage points year-on-year. The contract value of commercial housing sales in the city was 121.82 billion yuan, an increase of 41.3%. The consumer market continues to flourish. In 2007, the city’s total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 259.500 billion yuan, an increase of 18.9% over the previous year, and the growth rate was 3.9 percentage points higher than that of the previous year, the highest increase since 1996. Among them, the wholesale and retail sales reached 217.865 billion yuan, an increase of 18.8%; The retail sales of accommodation and catering industry reached 41.635 billion yuan, an increase of 19.2%. The city’s wholesale and retail sales totaled 1,099.658 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 30.3%. Among the wholesale and retail businesses above designated size in the city, the retail sales of automobiles reached 27.518 billion yuan, up by 25.0%, accounting for 28.6% of the retail sales of wholesale and retail enterprises above designated size in the city, ranking first among all kinds of commodities. The retail sales of gold, silver and jewelry increased by 32.9%, and the retail sales of cultural office supplies increased by 31.1%.The retail sales of sports and entertainment goods increased by 30.8%. Investment in fixed assets grew steadily. In 2007, the investment in fixed assets of the whole society was 186.334 billion yuan, an increase of 9.8% over the previous year, and the growth rate dropped by 1.9 percentage points over the previous year. Among them, the investment in capital construction was 80.064 billion yuan, down by 3.7%; The investment in renovation was 34.714 billion yuan, an increase of 15.3%; The investment in real estate development was 70.38 billion yuan, an increase of 26.4%. The proportion of capital construction, renovation and real estate development investment in the fixed assets investment of the whole society was adjusted from 48.99%, 17.74% and 32.82% in the previous year to 42.97%, 18.63% and 37.77% respectively, and the capital construction investment decreased by 6.02 percentage points compared with the previous year. The construction of key projects progressed smoothly. In the whole year, the investment in key projects in our city was 44.992 billion yuan, with an investment completion rate of 118%. Foreign trade has slowed down steadily. In 2007, the total import and export volume of commodities in the city was 73.494 billion US dollars, up by 15.2% over the previous year, and the growth rate dropped by 4.0 percentage points. Among them, imports were 35.592 billion US dollars, up by 13.4%, and the growth rate dropped by 3.7 percentage points year-on-year; Exports reached US$ 37.902 billion, up by 17.0%, and the growth rate dropped by 4.4 percentage points year-on-year. The trade surplus was $2.31 billion, accounting for 3.14% of the city’s total merchandise import and export. From the perspective of economic types, the export of foreign-funded enterprises is dominant.Accounting for 58.43% of the city’s total exports; The export growth of private enterprises is strong, with an increase of 44.8%. Exports to Japan, the European Union, Hong Kong and other major export markets grew steadily, increasing by 23.7%, 16.2% and 12.6% respectively. The export growth rate of bulk commodities such as furniture and its parts, precious metals or jewelry wrapped with precious metals is higher than the average growth rate of the whole city. The utilization of foreign capital has increased substantially. In 2007, the contracted utilization of foreign capital in the city was 7.153 billion US dollars, up 54.2% year-on-year, with an increase of 27.5 percentage points year-on-year; The actual amount of foreign capital used was US$ 3.411 billion, up by 11.7% and 4.2 percentage points. From the perspective of foreign investment, the real estate industry is far ahead, the manufacturing industry is declining, and the culture, sports and entertainment industries are growing strongly. In 2007, the actual use of foreign capital in the real estate industry in our city was 1.62 billion US dollars, an increase of 2.2 times; The actual use of foreign capital in manufacturing industry was US$ 1.18 billion, down by 30.6%; The actual use of foreign capital in culture, sports and entertainment industry was $67 million, an increase of 18.5 times. (II) Significant improvement in benefits The economic benefits of industrial enterprises have been significantly improved. In 2007, the comprehensive index of economic benefits of industrial enterprises above designated size in the city increased significantly to 225.96, up by 24 points over the previous year; Among them, the comprehensive index of economic benefits of state-owned and state-controlled industrial enterprises above designated size was 401.66, an increase of 69.2 points, which was 175.7 points higher than that of industrial enterprises above designated size in the city. Corporate profits have risen sharply, while losses have decreased.Industrial enterprises above designated size achieved a total profit of 73.308 billion yuan, an increase of 35.9%. The loss of loss-making enterprises was 5.302 billion yuan, down by 7.1%. Fiscal revenue has increased significantly. In 2007, the total fiscal revenue from Guangzhou was 211.6 billion yuan, an increase of 22.4% over the previous year. The city’s general budget revenue was 52.379 billion yuan, an increase of 22.6%, and the growth rate was 7.6 percentage points higher than that of the previous year. Among the general budget revenue, business tax, value-added tax and enterprise income tax were 12.354 billion yuan, 11.150 billion yuan and 5.967 billion yuan respectively, up by 20.2%, 15.3% and 30.9% respectively, and the total contribution rate to the city’s general budget revenue reached 51.4%. Energy consumption is gradually decreasing. Our city pays special attention to energy conservation and emission reduction of key projects, key projects and key enterprises. Signed a target responsibility letter with 100 key energy-consuming enterprises. For newly introduced industrial projects, the examination and approval of energy consumption and pollutant discharge shall be strictly implemented. In combination with the implementation of the strategy of "retreating two into three" in the central city industry, we will accelerate the technological transformation of energy conservation and emission reduction in enterprises. The dependence of economic growth on energy consumption is gradually decreasing. It is estimated that the energy consumption per 10,000 yuan GDP in Guangzhou will decrease by 4% year-on-year, and the emissions of sulfur dioxide and chemical oxygen demand will decrease by 8.8% and 2.2% respectively. (3) The structure has been continuously adjusted and the industrial structure has been further optimized.In 2007, the proportion of added value of Guangzhou’s three industries was adjusted from 2.39?U40.01?U57.60 in 2006 to 2.29?U39.95?U57.76. The proportion of primary and secondary industries decreased by 0.10 percentage points and 0.06 percentage points respectively, and the proportion of tertiary industry increased by 0.16 percentage points. The three major demands tend to develop harmoniously. In 2007, the growth rate of total retail sales of social consumer goods in our city was 3.9 percentage points faster than that of the previous year, the growth rate of fixed assets investment in the whole society dropped by 1.9 percentage points, and the growth rate of commodity exports dropped by 4.4 percentage points, which obviously enhanced the pulling effect of consumer demand on economic growth. The characteristics of heavy industry are outstanding, and the innovation ability is gradually enhanced. The proportion of light and heavy industrial output value in our city is 37.73?U62.27, and the proportion of heavy industry is 1.56 percentage points higher than that of the previous year, with outstanding characteristics of heavy industry. In the whole year, the output value of high-tech products realized by industrial enterprises accounted for 30.02% of the city’s total industrial output value, an increase of 3.01 percentage points over the previous year. It shows that the innovation ability of industrial enterprises in our city has been gradually enhanced. Investment is inclined to the tertiary industry. The proportion of investment in fixed assets in the primary, secondary and tertiary industries was adjusted from 0.11: 27.30: 72.59 in the previous year to 0.06: 21.62: 78.32, and the investment in the tertiary industry increased. The structure of export products was gradually optimized. First, the export of mechanical and electrical products grew rapidly. In 2007, the export of mechanical and electrical products was US$ 19.213 billion.It increased by 18.0% over the previous year, accounting for 50.69% of the city’s total exports. Second, the growth rate of general trade exports is faster than that of processing trade exports. The general trade export of our city was 16.922 billion US dollars, up by 25.3%. The export of processing trade with imported materials and processing trade with imported materials were US$ 5.946 billion and US$ 14.280 billion respectively, up by 6.5% and 13.6% respectively. (4) People’s livelihood has gradually improved, and the living standards of residents have been greatly improved. In 2007, the average wage of employees in the city was 40,187 yuan, an increase of 10.6% over the previous year. The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 22,469 yuan, an increase of 13.2%. The per capita consumption expenditure was 18,951 yuan, an increase of 16.6%. The per capita net income of rural residents was 8613 yuan, an increase of 10.6%. With the improvement of income level, the upgrading of residents’ consumption structure has accelerated. First, the service consumption expenditure in household expenditure has increased rapidly. In 2007, the per capita service consumption expenditure of urban residents in our city was 6698 yuan, an increase of 15.9%, accounting for 35.34% of the total consumption expenditure. Expenditure on education, culture and entertainment services has become a bright spot of consumption. The per capita expenditure on education, culture and entertainment services of urban residents in our city was 3,268 yuan, an increase of 17.5%. Second, consumption hotspots such as automobiles continue to heat up. By the end of 2007, there were 13 cars for every 100 urban households in our city, a year-on-year increase of 30%. The employment situation is stable. At the end of 2007, there were 6,476,900 social workers in the city.An increase of 6.4% over the end of last year. Among them, there were 3,973,400 urban employees, an increase of 10.8%. There are 250,600 registered unemployed people in cities and towns in the city, a decrease of 14,800 from the end of last year; The registered unemployment rate in cities and towns was 2.23%, up 0.17 percentage points from the end of last year. In the whole year, 175,100 registered unemployed people in cities and towns were resettled, of which 56,300 "4,050" people (laid-off and unemployed people over 40 years old for women and 50 years old for men) were employed, and the re-employment rate of registered unemployed people in cities and towns reached 70%. The financial expenditure on people’s livelihood has increased significantly. In 2007, the expenditure on education, social security and employment, medical and health care and environmental protection in the local general budget of our city was 8.06 billion yuan, 7.179 billion yuan, 3.273 billion yuan and 485 million yuan respectively, which increased by 11.1%, 27.4%, 16.0% and 29.0% respectively, accounting for 30.46% of the local general budget fiscal expenditure. Iii. Issues needing attention (1) From the perspective of economic growth, the city’s economy mainly relies on two-wheel drive of industry and service industry, but the internal structure of industry and service industry needs to be further optimized and coordinated. Industry is an important engine of the city’s economic development, while industry is mainly driven by three pillar industries: automobile, electronics and petrochemical. The output value of the three pillar industries accounts for 43.43% of the total industrial output value above designated size. However, the internal development of the three pillar industries in our city is unbalanced.The leading role of electronic product manufacturing industry is weak. From January to May this year, the output value of electronic products manufacturing industry has been declining, and it has turned down to rise since June, but the increase is very small. In 2007, the growth rate of electronic products manufacturing industry above designated size was 18.6 percentage points lower than the city average, 35.7 percentage points lower than that of automobile manufacturing industry and 25.0 percentage points lower than that of petrochemical manufacturing industry. The contribution rate to the industrial growth above designated size in the city is only 1.73%, which is 25.47 percentage points lower than that of automobile manufacturing and 17.08 percentage points lower than that of petrochemical manufacturing. Although Guangzhou’s service industry has dominated, it is far below the level of Beijing and the world average (the added value of the world’s service industry accounted for 67.9% of GDP in 2001). At present, Guangzhou’s service industry is still dominated by traditional service industry, and the proportion of modern service industry is low, which is difficult to meet the requirements of economic transformation and independent innovation. The industrial structure of service industry needs to be optimized urgently. (2) From the perspective of the three major demands, consumption, investment and export keep pace with each other, and the relationship among them tends to be coordinated. However, the export growth rate has dropped significantly due to factors such as the adjustment of export tax rebate policy by the state, the publication of prohibited categories of processing trade and international trade friction. In the second half of the year, the export growth rate of our city dropped significantly. The annual export growth rate dropped by 4.4 percentage points over the previous year and by 5.1 percentage points over the first half of 2007. From the perspective of major export markets, exports to the United States have fallen sharply.In 2007, the export to the United States was the same as the previous year, and the growth rate dropped by 8.6 percentage points compared with the first half of the year. From the main export commodities, steel products, ships and printed circuits were greatly affected, and the annual export growth rate dropped by 82.4, 23.7 and 5.7 percentage points respectively compared with the first half of the year. At the same time, the growth rate of the output value of industrial export products above designated size in the city reached its peak in July, and then it ran at a low speed every month. In 2007, the output value of the city’s industrial export products increased by 14.3%, which was lower than the average growth rate of the city by 5.7 percentage points. It accounted for 21.19% of the total industrial output value, down 1.06 percentage points from the previous year. The export growth rate has dropped significantly, which may slow down Guangzhou’s economic development. (3) From the perspective of the quality of economic operation, the overall quality has improved, but the ability of independent innovation has yet to be enhanced. Cumulative consumer prices have risen month by month, and the "scissors difference" in production prices has increased recently, making it more difficult to save energy, reduce consumption and reduce emissions. The ability of independent innovation has yet to be enhanced. Our city’s independent innovation ability lags behind that of Shenzhen. In 2007, the output value of high-tech products of industrial enterprises above designated size accounted for 32.08% of the total output value of industrial enterprises above designated size. In 2006, the proportion in Shenzhen reached 52.8%. Shenzhen has cultivated a number of well-known large-scale high-tech backbone enterprises at home and abroad with large scale and strong strength, such as Huawei, ZTE and Global Digital. However, our city lacks the drive of well-known large-scale high-tech backbone enterprises at home and abroad. Therefore, Guangzhou urgently needs to complete the transformation of industrialization from comparative advantage to competitive advantage through independent innovation.Cumulative consumer prices are rising month by month. Since the second half of 2007, with the rapid rise of national consumer prices, the cumulative consumer prices in our city have also shown a trend of rising month by month (see Table 1 and Table 2 for details). In 2007, the overall consumer price level of urban residents increased by 3.4% over the previous year, with an increase of 1.1 percentage points over the previous year. Among them, the price of consumer goods rose by 4.4%, and the price of service items rose by 1.1%. In 2007, the overall level of rural consumer prices rose by 3.2%; Among them, the living consumer price rose by 2.8%, and the production consumer price rose by 6.6%. The sharp rise in food prices is the main factor leading to the rise in consumer prices. In 2007, the urban food price in our city rose by 8.9% (up by 1.7% in the same period of last year), which was 5.5 percentage points higher than the total consumer price index of urban residents, directly driving the consumer price of urban residents to rise by 2.93 percentage points. In 2007, the price of rural food in our city rose by 11.5%, which was 8.3 percentage points higher than the total consumer price index of rural residents.Table 1: Monthly price increase in Guangzhou in 2007 Unit:% January, February, April, May, June, August, September, October, November and December, consumer price of urban residents 12.32.82.31.92.44.44.65.354.84.6 Food price 4.04.77.36. 0.8 Table 2: Monthly cumulative price increase in Guangzhou in 2007 Unit:% January, February, March, May, June, August, September, October, November and December, consumer price of urban residents 11.622.12.12.42.733.23.33.4 Food price 4.04.45.45. In 2007, the total ex-factory price level of industrial products in our city rose by 1.4%, an increase of 0.2 percentage points year-on-year; The overall purchase price level of raw materials, fuel and power increased by 4.7%, and the growth rate dropped by 0.2 percentage points year-on-year. The difference between the ex-factory price of industrial products and the purchase price of raw materials, fuel and power in our city gradually increased in the fourth quarter. In December, the ex-factory price of industrial products increased by 2.0% over the same period of last year, and the purchase price of raw materials, fuel and power increased by 7.6% over the same period of last year.The difference between the two increased from 2.5 percentage points in September to 5.6 percentage points. The increase of "scissors difference" in production price will lead to the reduction of profit space of downstream enterprises. It is more difficult to save energy and reduce consumption and emission. The industry with relatively high energy consumption in our city grows significantly faster than the service industry with less energy consumption, especially when the industry is further heavy, the energy consumption increases, which makes it more difficult to save energy, reduce consumption and reduce emissions. (IV) From the perspective of the economic structure of internal and external sources, the exogenous economy has developed rapidly, while the endogenous economy has developed slowly. Among the total industrial output value above designated size in the city, foreign-invested enterprises from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan account for 66.39%, and the growth rate (20.0%) is close to the city’s average growth rate, while the growth rate of state-owned enterprises is 7.6 percentage points lower than the city’s average. In particular, since the beginning of this year, the cumulative growth rate of the total output value of private industrial enterprises in our city has been lower than the city average (see Figure 1 for details). It can be seen that at present, the industrial development of our city is mainly driven by exogenous enterprises. In the wholesale and retail, accommodation and catering industries, the development of private economy lags behind the average level of the whole city. The growth rate of private wholesale and retail sales is 12.2 percentage points lower than the city average, and the growth rate of retail sales is 2.3 percentage points lower than the city average; The growth rate of retail sales of private accommodation and catering industry was 0.4 percentage points lower than the city average. (5) From the perspective of reflecting people’s livelihood, although the living standards of residents have been greatly improved and people’s livelihood has been improved, the growth rate of residents’ income is lower than the growth rate of regional GDP; The income gap between urban and rural residents has increased;The prices of agricultural means of production remain high, making it more difficult for farmers to further increase their income. In 2007, the average wage growth rate of employees in our city was 10.6%, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 13.2%, and the per capita net income of rural residents was 10.6%, which was 3.9, 1.3 and 3.9 percentage points lower than the growth rate of regional GDP respectively. In 2007, the income gap between urban and rural residents in our city changed from 2.55:1 in the previous year to 2.61:1, and the gap further increased. In 2007, the price of agricultural means of production in our city increased by more than 5%. In 2007, the growth rate was 5.9%, 0.7 percentage points higher than the previous year. The high price of agricultural means of production leads to the high cost of agricultural production, which affects the enthusiasm of farmers to invest in agricultural production and makes it more difficult for farmers to further increase their income. (VI) From the perspective of horizontal comparison, some economic indicators are still far behind those of the whole country, the whole province and major cities. In 2007, the total industrial output value of Guangzhou above designated size was 890.522 billion yuan. Among the major cities in China, It ranks seventh behind Shanghai (2,193.863 billion yuan), Suzhou (1,591.469 billion yuan), Shenzhen (1,383.254 billion yuan), Tianjin (1,007.507 billion yuan), Beijing (947.554 billion yuan) and Wuxi (894.511 billion yuan), and ranks eighth with Foshan.The growth rate of gross industrial output value above designated size in Guangzhou (20.3%) is lower than that in the whole province (25.0%), Suzhou (23.3%), Wuxi (23.6%) and Foshan (30.2%). In 2007, the total value of Guangzhou’s merchandise exports was US$ 37.902 billion, which was lower than that of Shenzhen (US$ 168.493 billion), Shanghai (US$ 143.928 billion), Suzhou (US$ 118.884 billion), Beijing (US$ 48.923 billion), Ningbo (US$ 38.255 billion) and Tianjin (US$ 38.255 billion) The growth rate of Guangzhou’s total merchandise export value is 17.0%, which is lower than Ningbo (33.0%), Shanghai (29.7%), Beijing (28.9%), Suzhou (25.6%) and Shenzhen (23.8%), and also lower than the national (25.7%) and provincial (22.2%) averages. In 2007, the general budget revenue of local finance in Guangzhou was 52.379 billion yuan, ranking sixth among major cities in China, lower than Shanghai (210.263 billion yuan), Beijing (149.264 billion yuan), Shenzhen (65.806 billion yuan), Suzhou (54.182 billion yuan) and Tianjin (54.013 billion yuan). The growth rate of general budget revenue of local finance in Guangzhou is 22.6%, which is lower than that of Suzhou (35.4%), Beijing (33.6%), Shenzhen (31.4%), Shanghai (31.4%) and Tianjin (29.6%) and lower than that of the whole province (28.0%).The level of growth. IV. Outlook of Economic Situation in 2008 and Countermeasures and Suggestions Looking forward to 2008, the national economic development will still face a more favorable domestic and international environment. From the international environment, the trend of economic globalization is developing in depth and the world economic situation is generally stable, which is beneficial to the development of our city. However, the risks of the world economy are still increasing gradually. The economic slowdown in the United States, the increasing global inflationary pressure and the intensification of international trade protectionism cannot be underestimated. From the domestic environment, the successful convening of the 17th National Congress and the Olympic Games, the gradual deepening of the reform of the system and mechanism, and the continuous expansion of opening to the outside world will mobilize the enthusiasm and potential of all sectors in developing the economy. Macro-control policies in 2007 will continue to play a role, and the development of individual industries and fields will slow down. 2007 is a year of intensive macro-control policies. In terms of fiscal policy, the export tariffs on some commodities have been increased, the export tax rebate for "two high-tech and one capital" products has been abolished, the export tax rebate rate for commodities that are prone to trade friction has been reduced, and import tax concessions have been implemented for some resource products and major technical equipment products. In terms of monetary policy, the statutory reserve ratio of financial institutions was raised ten times, and the benchmark interest rate of RMB deposits and loans of financial institutions was raised six times. In 2008, a moderately tight monetary policy will be implemented, and land management will also be strengthened. Judging from the development environment of our city, we will fully implement the spirit of the 17th CPC National Congress in 2008, further deepen reform and open wider to the outside world.Vigorously promote independent innovation and structural optimization, strengthen energy conservation and emission reduction and ecological environment protection, and actively improve people’s livelihood. The 2010 Asian Games will be held in our city, and the construction of large-scale Asian Games venues and facilities will be fully launched. The economic development environment of our city in 2008 was generally good. Looking at the economic development environment at home and abroad and in our city, it is predicted that the trend of sustained and rapid economic growth in our city will not change in 2008, and the growth rate may drop slightly; Among the three major demands, export growth may slow down, investment is expected to grow steadily, the consumer market will continue to flourish, and the pulling effect of consumption on economic growth will be further enhanced. In order to ensure sound and rapid economic development in 2008, it is suggested to do the following work in combination with the actual situation of this city while implementing the national macro-control measures: (1) Further adjust the industrial structure and strive to build a modern industrial system. Agriculture should focus on developing characteristic agriculture and agricultural product processing, improving the comprehensive agricultural production capacity and establishing a long-term mechanism to ensure the stable development of animal husbandry, especially pig production, on the premise of stabilizing the grain planting area. Industry should intensify energy conservation and emission reduction, further strengthen the ability of independent innovation, and expand the production of high-tech products and high-processing products. Accelerate the development of service industry, especially the development of emerging service industries such as finance, logistics, exhibition, information transmission and software. (2) maintain a moderate level of foreign trade exports, prevent the impact of excessive deceleration on the overall economy, and continue to guide and promote the transformation of production and operation methods of "two high-tech and one capital" enterprises.Reduce the negative impact caused by the adjustment of export tax rebate. At the same time, adjust the structure of foreign trade. First, strive to expand the export of high-tech products and improve the quality and grade of export products; Second, constantly explore new markets; The third is to develop service trade and establish a mechanism to promote the development of service trade. (3) Effectively raise the income level of residents, expand their purchasing power, continue to increase new jobs, strengthen skills training and expand the scale of employment. We will continue to improve the social security system, raise residents’ expectations for future income growth, and provide dynamic support for domestic demand growth. It is necessary to increase subsidies for low-income groups, prevent them from living in difficulties due to rising prices, and strive to improve their quality of life. We should do everything possible to increase farmers’ income. Strengthen vocational training for farmers, improve their comprehensive quality and vocational skills, and improve the scientific and technological content of agriculture and the comprehensive agricultural productivity; Reasonably guide rural surplus labor to transfer employment to secondary and tertiary industries and cities, and accelerate the process of urban-rural integration. (4) Efforts to maintain the basic stability of the price level should continue to ensure the supply of non-staple food, strengthen the supervision of food quality and market prices, give full play to the guiding role of information in market supply and demand, avoid the ups and downs of consumer goods prices, and prevent prices from evolving from structural increases to inflation. (V) Vigorously support the development of the private economy, create a better development environment for private enterprises, further take effective measures to support the development of the private economy, strive to create a social atmosphere suitable for the development of the private economy, and further relax market access conditions.Create a fair competitive market environment, tap the development potential and strive to make the private economy bigger and stronger. Continue to take effective measures to activate private capital to invest in high-tech industries, modern service industries and modern agriculture, especially to guide private enterprises to take the road of scientific and technological entrepreneurship and vigorously support private enterprises to develop high-tech industries; Improve the credit guarantee system for small and medium-sized enterprises, help private enterprises solve the financing problem, and encourage private enterprises to go public for financing. (6) Improve the ability of independent innovation, create new advantages for scientific development, and take improving the ability of independent innovation as the priority strategy of economic construction, the core content of improving the comprehensive competitiveness of cities and the central link of transforming the mode of economic growth. First, we should strengthen the dominant position of independent innovation of enterprises, encourage more investment, support research and development, strengthen intellectual property protection, and improve the independent innovation system with Guangzhou characteristics. Second, we should build a high-tech industrial system with international competitiveness, and focus on promoting the construction of high-tech industrial projects such as Guangzhou International Biological Island. (VII) To further improve energy conservation and pollution reduction, we should adhere to the priority of saving and environmental protection, implement strict environmental protection policies, focus on major energy-consuming industries such as petrochemical industry, steel manufacturing, power production and transportation, strictly control high-energy-consuming projects, form a pattern of government guidance, market promotion and participation of the whole society, and continuously improve the capacity for sustainable development.

　　Cctv news Recently, the Shenyang Science and Technology Innovation Service Center of Liaoning Province, Zhong Jun, the inheritor of tussah silk clothing making skills of Shenyang Industrial Competition and intangible cultural heritage, and the teachers and students of the "Wild Silkworm (Tussah) Creative Design Project Team" of dalian polytechnic university Institute of Fashion Technology came to Zhujia Street of Shenyang City to hold an exchange meeting on the development of tussah industry and the design and development of tussah intangible cultural works, and held discussions with more than 30 representatives of silkworm farmers.

　　Sun Caihong, secretary of the Party Working Committee of Zhujia Street in Shenyang, presided over the meeting and introduced the overall layout of the cultural tourism industry and the development of tussah industry in Tianjiawa Village.

　　Ding Wei, Dean of dalian polytechnic university Institute of Fashion Technology, said that the college will devote itself to building a bridge of cooperation between schools and villages, exploring a new mode of urban-rural integration of "Wild Silkworm Valley" schools+enterprises+villages, providing intellectual support for rural revitalization and maintaining Liaoning’s characteristic industries, and helping Liaoning, China’s tussah industry to develop with high quality.

　　At the seminar, the relevant members of the "Wild Silkworm Creative Design Project Team" demonstrated and explained the design concept, application materials and production technology of tussah wenchuang works, so that the majority of silkworm farmers could fully understand tussah wenchuang works through cases and arouse their enthusiasm for learning and participation. Zhong Jun introduced the related situation of Liaoning Heritage Base of Tussah. Finally, the Organizing Committee of Shenyang Industrial Design Competition introduced the related activities of the 2023 Shenyang Industrial Design Competition for teachers and students, and called on everyone to actively promote outstanding creative design works and promote the transformation of outstanding design works.

　　Silkworm farmers have said that through this activity, everyone has a more comprehensive understanding of the extension chain of tussah industry, and they are more confident to expand the scale of farming and develop tussah cultural and creative works.

　　In the next step, Zhujia Street in Shenyang will speed up the promotion of the Wild Silkworm Valley project, make efforts to extend and improve the tussah industrial chain, and let more people put on the tussah "golden rice bowl" to help the cultural tourism+tussah industry integrate and grow, and the creative design will empower the tussah industry to jointly help the rural revitalization and development.

Special feature of 1905 film network Last night, after the 20th episode of Qingpingle aired, the score of Douban dropped from 8.2 to 7.8.

Where was this 0.4 point deducted? Looking at the online evaluation, many netizens said that "the pace is too slow".

"Slow" has become the label of director Kaizhou Zhang.

Especially in Qingpingle, there will be a long-term intensive dialogue in each scene, and the dialogue content is mixed with literature and white, which tests the patience of the audience. The first two episodes tell little about the plot, but only about the background of the characters and events. Compared with the familiar court drama in the past, Qingpingle is really not cool enough.

With the improvement of the follow-up plot, the number of opponents in the court has gradually increased, and a large number of explanations of names and systems have gradually appeared. At the same time, all kinds of rules and regulations, eating and wearing habits of the Song Dynasty are frequently interspersed in the drama, and the information content of this drama has become larger for a time.

Ouyang Xiu, Fan Zhongyan, Yan Shu and other "reciting celestial groups" appeared one after another.

As a person who has recently finished the dramas such as I am Yu Huanshui and the sideburns are not begonia red, Xiao Dianjun’s attitude towards Qingpingle is even more special. When watching the previous dramas, I was eager to catch up with them in one breath. Only this drama was willing to enter it and slowly taste the exquisite service. Just like Song Renzong and the Queen tasting wine in the play, the taste will naturally "run out" without binge drinking.

What is the most memorable place in Qingpingle?

The drama series is adapted from lady Milan’s novel Lonely City, and the author also participated in the writing of the script. The biggest change this time is that the hero changed from eunuch Liang Huaiji to emperor Song Renzong.

In the original work, the eunuch listened to all directions and wandered around the imperial harem, from which he spied out the ups and downs of various figures inside and outside the palace, thus showing the emotional entanglement of the imperial harem and the power of the imperial monarch and his subjects.

Now, after the protagonist changes, the expectation value has not been weakened, but it has added a few points of visibility.

During Song Renzong’s reign, he was called "the flourishing age of Renzong", so it can be seen that the ambition of Qingpingle lies in creating an era.

Compared with other dynasties, most people know little about the history of Song Dynasty, let alone Song Renzong himself.

But around him, there are many stories familiar to the audience, such as the protagonist of "Civet cats for princes". At the same time, he was also the longest-serving emperor in the Song Dynasty. Although there were no major incidents during the 41 years, he was the favorite emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty.

Most of the literati who once dominated our student days by reciting the full text came from Song Renzong’s dynasties: Fan Zhongyan, Ouyang Xiu, Yan Shu, Sima Guang, Wang Anshi, Su Shi, Su Zhe and Cheng Hao. Therefore, such a drama with a strong sense of history is also very fastidious about the pictures presented.

Director Kaizhou Zhang is a photographer, so his plays pay more attention to the aesthetic feeling of the lens, and are famous for their textured scenery, costumes and props. Last year’s "Do you know if it should be green, fat, red and thin" was exactly the case.

In this play, all these advantages have been retained one by one.

The costumes in "Qingpingle" are all restored in strict accordance with some picture books in the Song Dynasty.

Song Renzong court robes, is wearing a red robe, wearing a Liang Guan; The robe is the queen’s dress for attending the court meeting, receiving books, paying homage and other large-scale affairs. It is woven with dark blue material and bird pattern, and the collar and sleeves are edged with dragon pattern.

In terms of the costumes of officials in the court, there is a scene of "Great Court Meeting" in the play, in which everyone wears uniform court clothes and Liang Guan. Although the clothing styles are basically the same, only the crown and ribbon are used to distinguish the levels. Not only that, the etiquette of the Song Dynasty obeys the historical classics.

In addition to serving the Tao, the lines of this drama are also very particular. They are no longer "minions" and "me" that are common in Qing Palace dramas, but are replaced by "official family" and "big empress", which are commonly used in Song Dynasty.

Nowadays, costume drama is becoming more and more exquisite, and the audience’s aesthetics are getting higher and higher. Therefore, the requirements for costume drama are no longer limited to the plot, but more attention is paid to whether the story and characters can show the beauty of traditional culture. If the sales are flat, it may be difficult for Yan Kong’s young audience to pay the bill.

"National Wind+"has become a new trend

Nowadays, this kind of works with both humanistic connotation and contemporary style has formed a trend. From Empresses in the Palace’s nirvana in fire to this year’s Qingpingle, the sideburns are not begonia red, which are all good examples. In the process of communication, these film and television works make young audiences examine the classic culture with modern eyes.

They use exquisite service to revitalize historical and cultural resources and make traditional cultural elements active in the video. It is therefore popular at home and abroad.

In fact, these dramas, whether it’s the Qing Dynasty drama, the Machiavellian drama in the overhead era or the Xianxia drama, although they don’t take a certain traditional art as the theme, their aesthetic attainments in architecture, clothing, ornaments and props are higher than those of similar dramas, which has formed the current wave of "national style" and set off the aesthetic recognition of the audience.

"Guofeng+"film and television seems to have become the standard of the current costume drama.

In fact, this is not difficult to understand. When we look closely at the present society, it is more and more common to see people wearing Hanfu out of the street. However, the post-90 s and post-00 s net students have a deeper desire and demand for culture through the Internet and other channels. As a result, the "national wind" once became the out-of-circle element of bilibili and Station A..

"Guofeng" is out of the circle on the video platform

In 2011, after the popularity of Empresses in the Palace, the audience frequently discussed Chinese medicine, and even many people dug out ancient books and found the basis in the play. Last year’s hit drama The Untamed, although it was an overhead era, reacted by integrating the costume styles of different dynasties in China, focusing on the adaptation of artistic conception and characters, and even each tribute implied different meanings.

At the same time, pan-entertainment works such as "National Treasure" frequently cause topics among the new generation of audiences. This circle effect has made creators discover the "high demand" of young people at present.

In terms of movies, the restoration of the charm of the late Tang Dynasty in China has been recognized by the public. It can be seen that the use of "national style" is itself an open behavior, but it is also a "high demand" action.

As for the use of the national style, it has made many viewers curious about the bureaucratic salary and class relations in the Ming Dynasty. However, the sequel to the film has also shaped Chongzhen into a two-faced role, breaking the image of the emperor in everyone’s past cognition, but it has caused a lot of controversy.

Therefore, in the content survival, the creators rely on China’s excellent traditional culture to find an aesthetic fulcrum in contact with the spirit of the times, which has become the driving force of the current film and television works. Of course, we must also realize that "national style" is only an added value. Only by telling good stories can the audience really explore the mystery spontaneously and have more opportunities for others to pay attention to it.

Summer is full, and the sun is just right.

It’s graduation season.

It is also the harvest season.

UCASer keeps innovating and making progress.

New discovery of two new "four quark states" hadrons

New progress of eggshell of Hami pterosaur

Reveal the carbon cycle mechanism of vitamin community in biological crust

… …

With Guo Xiaowei

Look at the latest issue of scientific research express

01 led the discovery of two new "four quark states" hadrons.

Progress has been made in the study of eggshell composition of Hami pterosaur

Joint research and publication of high quality reference genome of Arabidopsis thaliana

Progress has been made in the study of epigenetic mechanism of perfluorooctanoic acid exposure interfering with reproductive endocrine.

USP7 degradation agent was proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy for p53 mutant cancer.

Revealing the carbon cycle mechanism of microbial community in biological crust

Revealing the evolution mechanism of microstructure of sulfur dioxide aerosol by Dalian light source

08 reveals the ligand recognition and G protein selection regulation mechanism of some serotonin family receptors.

Cloning of important genes regulating soybean grain size and quality

Click on the corresponding title below to read the original report.

Click on the journal name to learn more.

Leading the Discovery of Two New Quaker Hadrons Recently, the LHCb International Cooperation Group of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN announced the discovery of three new exotic particles: a new five quark hadron and two new four quark hadrons which are mutually adjoint states. Among them, two "four quark states" hadrons were discovered by the particle physics team of National Science and Technology University, one with two charges and the other neutral. Their internal structure is very strange: they contain four different types of quark components, and their mass is about 3.1 times that of protons.

This is the first time that a double-charge "four-quark state" hadron has been discovered experimentally, and it is also a hadron partner that has found two completely new quark components at the same time. At the same time, the discovery of these two "four quark states" hadrons provides brand-new experimental evidence for confirming the existence of new material forms beyond the conventional baryons and mesons in nature, which will help deepen human understanding of the most basic structure of matter in the universe. Undergraduate and graduate students of the National Science and Technology University played a key role in it.

Mars, a doctoral supervisor of the National Science and Technology University and a doctoral student of Wang Xiaolin, a researcher at the Institute of vertebrate paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, cooperated with Luo Wugan, an associate professor at the School of Humanities of the National Science and Technology University, to analyze and study the egg fossils of Hami pterosaur in Tianshan Mountain. The results revealed that the main component of the protein-colored eggshell of the pterosaur was fluorapatite.

This study is of great significance to the research and protection of pterosaurs and pterosaur egg fossils. Related research results were published in Heritage Science. Mars is the first author, and Wang Xiaolin and Luo Wugan are the corresponding authors.

Collaborately researching and publishing high-quality reference genome of Arabidopsis thaliana, Wang Ying, an associate professor at the School of Life Sciences of the National Science and Technology University of China, cooperated with Jiao Yuling, a doctoral supervisor at the National Science and Technology University of China and a researcher at the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and obtained a nearly complete reference genome Col-PEK of Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 ecotype by combining long-reading ONT, high-fidelity long-reading PacBio HiFi and short-reading Illumina NovaSeq sequencing data. Col-PEK assembly filled most gaps in all regions including five centromeres.

The related research was published online in Molecular Plant with the title of "A Near-Complete Assembly of an Arabic Genome". Hou Xueren, a doctoral student at National Science and Technology University, is the first author, and Wang Ying and Jiao Yuling are co-authors.

Progress has been made in the study on the epigenetic mechanism of perfluorooctanoic acid exposure interfering with reproductive endocrine. Huang Qingyu, a graduate tutor of National Science and Technology University and a researcher at the Institute of Urban Environment of Chinese Academy of Sciences, revealed the mechanism of histone modification in PFOA interfering with male reproductive endocrine by analyzing the effects of low-dose PFOA exposure on the expression of key genes in testosterone synthesis, the level of hormone synthesis and the status of histone modification (methylation/acetylation) in rats.

The research results were published in environmental science & technology with the title of "low levels of perfluoro petrochemical acid exposure activations steroid hormone biosynthesis through reproducing histone methylation in rats". Han Xueying, a master student of National Science and Technology University, and Md Nur Alam, a doctoral student, are co-first authors, and Huang Qingyu is a correspondent author.

USP7 degrading agent was proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy for p53 mutant cancer. Zhou Bing, Li Jia and Zhou Yubo, doctoral supervisors of National Science and Technology University of China and researchers of Shanghai Institute of Pharmacology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, designed and synthesized the first small molecular probe U7D-1 with high efficiency and selective degradation of USP7, and studied its antitumor activity and mechanism in p53 wild-type cells and p53 mutant cells.

The related research work was published online in angew.chem.int.ed. with the title of "discovery of a potential and selective degrader for USP 7". Pei Yuan and Fu Jingfeng, Ph.D. students of National Science and Technology University, and Shi Yunkai, postdoctoral fellow of Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies of National Science and Technology University, are co-first authors. Zhou Bing, Li Jia and Zhou Yubo are co-authors.

Ho Xuan Huong, a doctoral supervisor of National Science University of China and a researcher of Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, conducted five batches of sampling surveys for four consecutive years on biological crusts (algae crusts, cyanobacteria lichen crusts, green algae lichen crusts and moss crusts) in different succession stages of typical field plots. By using various metagenome technologies and big data model analysis methods, combined with the determination of enzyme activities at physiological level and the correlation analysis of environmental factors, the microbial carbon cycle pattern and its interaction and regulation mechanism of biological crusts were revealed.

The related research results were published online in Soil Biology and Biochemistry with the title of "carbon cycle in the microbial ecosystems of biological soil crusts". Wang Qiong, a doctoral student at National Science and Technology University, is the first author, and Ho Xuan Huong is the correspondent author.

Using Dalian light source to reveal the microstructure evolution mechanism of sulfur dioxide aerosol, Jiang Ling, a graduate tutor of National Science and Technology University of China, a researcher of molecular reaction dynamics State Key Laboratory of Dalian Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Zhang Zhaojun, an associate researcher, discovered the structural evolution mechanism of sulfur dioxide hydrated clusters by using a self-developed infrared spectrum experimental device based on Dalian coherent light source, which provided a new idea for understanding the nucleation mechanism of sulfur dioxide aerosol. This achievement helps to clarify how pollutant molecules grow into clusters step by step, so as to help people better understand the formation mechanism of smog.

The related results were published in the Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters with the title of "Infrred Spectroscopy of Stepwise Hydration Motives of Sulfur Dioxide". Chong Wang and Fu Liangfei, Ph.D. students of National Science and Technology University, are co-first authors.

Revealing the ligand recognition and G protein selection and regulation mechanism of some serotonin family receptors, led by Xu Huaqiang, a doctoral tutor at National Science University and a researcher at Shanghai Institute of Pharmacology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with Zhang Yan, a professor at Zhejiang University, and David E. Gloriam, a professor at Copenhagen University, Denmark, etc. The research results "gpcrs steergi and GS selectivity via tm5-tm6 switches as revealed by structures of serotonin receivers" were published online on Molecular Cell. Huang Sijie and Xu Peiyu, Ph.D. students of National Science and Technology University, Shen Dandan, research assistant of School of Basic Medicine of Zhejiang University, and Icaro A. Simon, University of Copenhagen, Denmark are the co-first authors of this paper.

This study has made another progress in the field of structure and function of serotonin receptor, and successfully analyzed the three-dimensional structure of 5- HT, 5-HT, 5-HT receptor and activated G protein (Gs protein) and 5-HT receptor and inhibited G protein (Gi protein). The structural basis of small molecular ligands 5-HT and 5-CT recognizing 5- HT receptor subtypes was revealed, and the molecular mechanism of 5- HT receptor selectively coupling Gs protein and Gi protein was clarified. Huang Sijie and Xu Peiyu, Ph.D. students of National Science and Technology University, Shen Dandan, research assistant of School of Basic Medicine of Zhejiang University, and Icaro A. Simon, University of Copenhagen, Denmark are the co-first authors of this paper.

Tian Zhixi, a doctoral supervisor of National Science and Technology University of China and a researcher of Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, cloned an important gene regulating soybean grain size and quality. Through genome-wide association study analysis of more than 1,800 soybean germplasm resources, a stable signal interval related to grain thickness was identified on chromosome 5, which overlapped with many reported candidate QTL intervals for yield, oil content and protein content. The team further combined with the analysis of multi-omics data to determine a gene GmST05 (Seed Thickness 05) which controls the thickness and size of soybean seeds.

The research results were published online in Plant Biotechnology Journal with the title "Natural Allelic Variation of GMST 05 Controlling Seed Size and Quality in Soybean". Duan Zongbiao, a doctoral student at National Science and Technology University, and Sharla Cheung, an assistant researcher, are co-first authors, and Tian Zhixi is a correspondent.

This issue of scientific research express is here.

Original title: "New progress in scientific research, coming! 》

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　　BEIJING, Beijing, March 12 (Reporter Guo Chaokai) On March 12, Ms. Zhang and Mr. Wang walked into the Marriage Registration Service Center of Xicheng District Civil Affairs Bureau in Beijing hand in hand, and went through the marriage registration formalities without barriers. It is reported that this is the first time that the Marriage Registration Service Center of Xicheng District Civil Affairs Bureau of Beijing has provided the visually impaired with a braille version and a large-character barrier-free format marriage registration standard document, and it is also the first time in China to provide the visually impaired with a barrier-free format marriage registration notice and wedding vows.

　　Ms. Zhang has a visual disability level 1, and Mr. Wang has a visual disability level 2. They can’t see or read ordinary characters clearly, so they can only touch Braille or read large characters. The Marriage Registration Service Center of Xicheng District Civil Affairs Bureau in Beijing took the initiative to set up a green channel for the two new couples after learning about their eyesight, and provided a braille version, a large-character version of the marriage registration notice and a wedding oath.

　　According to personal eyesight, Ms. Zhang and Mr. Wang respectively read the Braille version, the large-character version of the marriage registration notice and the wedding vows, and truly felt the sacredness and solemnity of marriage, and their joy and happiness were beyond words.

　　It is an important measure to implement the law of barrier-free environment construction to set up a green channel for marriage registration of visually impaired people and provide barrier-free format marriage registration standard documents to continuously improve the level of social public services. This measure is of great significance to effectively promote the construction of barrier-free environment and further protect the legitimate rights and interests of visually impaired people.

　　The law on barrier-free environment construction shall come into force on September 1, 2023. As the first special law on barrier-free environment construction in China, the law clearly stipulates that the national basic public services use the national general Braille.

　　In order to ensure that the notice of marriage registration in barrier-free format and the wedding vows are standardized and authoritative, the Marriage Registration Service Center of Xicheng District Civil Affairs Bureau of Beijing specially invited China Braille Publishing House to make the notice of marriage registration and the wedding vows in Braille and big characters. As the only comprehensive public welfare publishing organization in China that provides various cultural products and services for more than 17 million visually impaired people, China Braille Publishing House fully demonstrates the effectiveness of the national public welfare publishing and humanitarian communication base, actively undertakes the social responsibility of barrier-free environment construction, and has made positive contributions to further safeguarding and safeguarding the language and cultural rights of visually impaired people. (End)

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　　200810031219.2 Excellence Award for a Series of Rubber-metal Laminated Springs with Vertical Variable Stiffness

　　200810225416.8 Winch Excellence Award

　　200810030866.1 Excellence Award for Four-axle High-speed Bogies for Locomotive

　　200910157502.4 Excellence Award of a Three-roll Plate Bending Machine with Adjustable Center Distance of Lower Roller

　　200910007217.4 Award for Excellence in Freight Cars and Their Bottom Door Devices

　　200710013650.X Award for Excellence in Profile Control by Steam Nitrogen Foam Injection in Thermal Recovery Wells

　　201010140160.8 Precise stroke control method and stroke control device award for series cylinders.

　　200610032454.2 Award for Excellence in Opening and Closing Method and Device of Unloading Door

　　201010228466.9 Award for Excellence in Multi-stage Drawing Manufacturing Method of Micro-grooved Tube

　　201110216709.1 Award for Excellence in Hydraulic Valve, Hydraulic Valve Group and Hydraulic Valve Control Method

　　02114474.5 Excellent Award of Laser Stereoforming Method with Controllable Composition and Structure

　　201010102660.2 Award for Excellence in Preparation Method of PPS Spunbonded Needle-punched Nonwovens

　　98111153.X Award for Excellence in a Container Bottom Plate and Its Manufacturing Method

　　200610134747.1 Field Bus Position Control Device Excellence Award

　　200910185567.X Excellence Award for Self-adaptive Industrial Robot Gripper Storage Device

　　200710048232.4 Merit Award of Radial Tire with Filler Rubber

　　201010548408.4 Precision Grinding Method for Large Special Curved Surfaces and Excellent Award for Grinding Equipment

　　200410080343.X Three-in-One Combination Core Drilling Tool Excellence Award

　　200510034193.3 Award for Excellence of Multi-stage Impulse Turbine with Dehumidification and Reheating in the Machine

　　201010161114.6 Award for Excellence in Cleaning Method of Emulsion Residue without Purging

　　201010208100.5 Award for Excellence in a Modified Polyvinyl Alcohol Coated Film for Printing and Its Manufacturing Method

　　200810238770.4 Award for Excellence in Automatic Control System of Bottle Cap Packing Machine

　　200610054113.5 Grading Machine Excellence Award

　　200810017873.8 Excellence Award for an External Braking Rotating Planetary Deceleration Mechanism

　　200910182119.4 Excellent Award of Integrated Pressure Relief and Outburst Prevention Method for High Pressure Jet Drilling and Cutting

　　200810124343.3 Award for Excellence in Rapeseed Picking and Thresher

　　200910218809.0 Excellence Award for an Automatic doffing Device

　　200910055651.X Award for Excellence in Cutting Fixing Device and Cutting Method for Sheet Metal Parts

　　200910003297.6 Award for Excellence in Metal Liquid Thermal Insulation Air Cushion Device and Its Thermal Insulation Usage

　　201010259877.4 Award for Excellence in Back Clamp for Oil Drilling

　　200910241790.1 Award for Excellence in Steering Wheel Angle Sensor Device and Automotive Electronic Stability System

　　201010287970.6 Excellence Award for Tailstock Drive Device of a Heavy Machine Tool

　　200410100844. One-time molding process and device excellence award of solder balls for X IC packaging "melting mechatronics"

　　200610026270.5 Superfine Wool Fabric and Its Weaving Method Excellence Award

　　200610137962.7 Excellence Award for Hydraulic Rotary and Tilting Device of Container Hanger

　　200410053978.0 Award for Excellence in Processing Method of Scallop Ready-to-eat Products Stored and Circulated at Normal Temperature

　　200610012462.0 Excellence Award for a 15-roller compound straightener

　　200910244898.6 CNC spiral bevel gear grinding machine grinding point has the same backlash device and control method Excellence Award.

　　200710018111.5 Award for Excellence of Ball Screw Pair with Five Parabolic Ball Return Device

　　201010512258.1 Excellence Award for Compact Hydraulic Motor Pump Set

　　200810013049.5 Excellence Award of Multifunctional Composite Machining Center for Special-shaped Stone with Double Five-axis Linkage System

　　200910148241.X Award for Excellence in a pet bag rack

　　200910015325.6 Award for Excellence in Supercritical Wellbore Multiphase Flow Experimental Device

　　200910103582.5 Award for Excellence in Real-time Diagnosis Method of Coal and Gas Outburst

　　201110279898.7 Award for Excellence in Underground Movable Split Rescue Capsule System

　　200810018102.0 Award for Excellence in a Method of Producing Fiberboard by Using Apple Branches and Eliminating Fruit Trees

　　201010151181.X A explosive containment vessel Award for Excellence.

　　200910231044.4 Award for Excellence in Scrap Car Disassembly Assembly Line Equipment

　　200910016248.6 Award for Excellence in Mining Method for Backfilling Waste Rock in Place and Improving Ore Recovery Rate

　　200710061571.6 Award for Excellence of a short-wall coal mining forklift in coal mine.

　　201010221521.1 Electric Vehicle Excellence Award

　　201010605123.X Award for Excellence of a Wind Turbine

　　200910247078.2 Award for Excellence in Motor Rotor Position Estimation Method and Motor Drive Control Method

　　200710130712.5 Award for Excellence in a Method for Simulating Spatial Distribution of Field Micro-topography

　　201010198736.6 Excellence Award of Thin Film Solar Cell Deposition Fixture

　　200910114466.3 High-voltage DC polar line PLC capacitor Excellence Award

　　200810013718.9 Award for Excellence in a Two-wing Scalable Multi-processor Tightly Coupled Shared Memory Architecture

　　200810232384.4 Award for Excellence of Superconducting Magnet with Quench Protection Circuit

　　201010121677.2 A Power Phase Module Excellence Award Based on IEGT

　　02129045.8 Excellence Award for a Method of Text Mining for Semi-structured Document Set

　　200710119474.8 Award for Excellence in Manufacturing Method of Vertical Structure Light-emitting Diodes with All-optical Film System

　　200810012075.6 Excellence Award of Battery Charging Control Method

　　200610032708.0 Award for Excellence in Concurrent Execution Method of Multi-task Concurrent Execution Device in Digital Home Network

　　200810038356.9 Award for Excellence in Pole Sealing Device of Lithium Ion Battery

　　200510017699.3 Award for Excellence in Control Method of Predictive Arc Extinction Angle in DC Transmission System

　　200710118906.3 Award for Excellence in a browser-based three-dimensional web page implementation method

　　201010213194.5 Excellence Award for Balanced Control Method of Charge and Discharge of Power Battery Pack

　　200810012908.9 Excellence Award for a High Voltage Outlet Device for Transformer

　　200810240942.1 An Efficient Sensitive Image Detection Method and Its System Excellence Award

　　200910110132.9 Polycrystalline Co-Ni-Mn ternary cathode material and its preparation method, second lithium ion battery excellence award.

　　201010167995.2 Award for Excellence of Brushless Retarder Motor for Marine Propeller

　　201010192359.5 True 3D Road Intelligent Design Method and System Excellence Award

　　201010222980.1 Award for Excellence in Internalization Process of a Large Capacity Colloidal Battery

　　200610037479.1 A DC Brushless Motor System Excellence Award

　　200910061599.9 Digital Lightning Detection Method and Device Excellence Award

　　200510045551.0 Award for Excellence in Preparation Method of Lithium-iron Disulfide Disposable Button Battery

　　200510044107.7 Excellence Award of Centrifugal Permanent Magnet Starting Power Generation Device

　　200910129503.8 capacitive touch circuit graphics and its manufacturing method Excellence Award

　　200510044030.3 Award for Excellence in Powder Coating Technology and Equipment of a Spiral Lamp.

　　01129867.7 All-around Leakage Protection Plug Excellence Award

　　201010237391.0 Award for Excellence in Mobile Payment Smart Card and Its Control Method

　　200810055160.0 Award for Excellence of Large-capacity Double-body Phase-shifting Transformer

　　200810050834.8 Award for Excellence in Modeling Method in Telecommunication Field Based on Executable Metalanguage

　　201010134083.5 Award for Excellence of a Self-energy Gas Blowing Medium Voltage High Current DC Fast Current Limiting Circuit Breaker

　　200710111528.6 Ethernet ring network message processing method and Ethernet ring network protection system excellence award applying this method.

　　200710169616.1 Award for Excellence in a Signal Processing Method and Processing Device

　　201110041517.1 Award for Excellence in Method, System, Client and Server for Controlling Download of Patch Package

　　200810105422.X Award for Excellence in Method and Device for Determining Transmission Resources of Channel Quality Indication

　　02129009.1 Excellence Award for a Three-layer Virtual Private Network and Its Construction Method

　　200810095251.7 Award for Excellence in precoding indication method and device and control method based on MU-MIMO.

　　200810232499.3 Excellence Award of a Microwave Rotating Joint

　　03153483.X Mobile Switching Center Excellence Award for 3G Mobile Communication System

　　201010163064.5 Award for Excellence in Radio Frequency Communication Access Method with Low Frequency Magnetic Communication

　　01136044.5 Excellence Award for a Data Retransmission Method Based on Bit Transformation

　　200710178165.8 Award for Excellence in Synchronization Method and Device of a Communication System

　　200810029660.7 Award for Excellence in Digital RF Telecontrol System and Its Standby Carrier Channel Control Method

　　200810110767.4 Award for Excellence in Receiving Methods and Devices for High-speed Data Services

　　200610061838.7 Excellence Award of an Adaptive Adjusting Device and Method for LCD TV Display Quality

　　200810167048.6 Method and System Excellence Award for Controlling Network TV Video Playback

　　200810003371.X Award for Excellence in Generation Method of Random Access Channel Cyclic Displacement Set in Wireless Communication System

　　200810108466.8 Award for Excellence in Method, Device and System for Assigning Answer Channels to Users

　　200810227604.4 Award for Excellence in Method, System and Device for Determining whether Packet Data Network Connection is Established.

　　200510000139.7 Graded Storage Management System Excellence Award

　　200710176503.4 Award for Excellence in a Method and Device for Carrying Information

　　96117626.1 Shenkang Injection and Its Preparation Technology Excellence Award

　　95118826.7 Award for Excellence in Humanized and Chimeric Monoclonal Antibodies for Recognizing Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors

　　03112032.6 Medicine for treating cervical spondylosis and its preparation method Excellence Award

　　03122364.8 A pharmaceutical composition for treating oral and throat diseases, and its preparation method and use Excellence Award.

　　201010506223.7 An ocean-derived Bacillus barbaricus SCSIO 02429 and its method for preparing small squid peptides were awarded for excellence.

　　200510004868.X A medicine for treating brain atrophy and its preparation method Excellence Award.

　　200410070336.1 Award for Excellence in N(2)-L- alanyl -L- glutamine for injection and its preparation method.

　　200810100222.5 Edible antifreezing fiber fruit and its preparation method Excellence Award

　　200710123539.6 Award for Excellence in Human Urinary Kininogenase and Its Preparation Method

　　200410079250.5 Award for Excellence in Application of Total Coumarin from Fructus Cnidii as a Medicine for Treating Allergic Dermatosis or Allergic Dermatosis

　　200710139317.3 Award for Excellence in Oxiracetam Preparation and Preparation Method

　　200710059969.6 Excellence Award for Ambroxol Hydrochloride Injection

　　20091018800.2 Agkistrodon acutus Hemagglutinase Award for Excellence

　　200410012926.9 Award for Excellence in a Composite Method for Biological Fixation of Quicksand and Restoration of Desertification Land

　　200580033335.2 Steroid saponin pharmaceutical composition and its preparation method and application Excellence Award

　　200910192965.4 Award for Excellence in Levamlodipine besylate Tablets and its preparation method and control method of related substances

　　200910037371.6 Quality control method of Kouyanqing Granule and its application excellence award.

　　03146381.9 Polygonum capitatum extract and its pharmaceutical composition preparation Excellence Award

　　200810007193.8 A nutritious high-calcium granule and its production process Excellence Award.

　　200510083046.5 stable nalmefene hydrochloride injection and its preparation method Excellence Award

　　201110023849.7 A pharmaceutical composition for improving immunity and its preparation method Excellence Award.

　　201110030367.4 Award for Excellence in Detection Kit and Detection Method of Influenza A H1N1 Virus

　　200810019003.4 A Streptomyces and its application Excellence Award

　　200410084381.2 Excellence Award of a Bacillus pumilus with high yield of 3- hydroxybutanone.

　　97112532.5 Excellence Award of Compound Kushen Injection

　　03134355.4 Excellence Award for Liquid Phase Synthesis of Thymopeptide

　　200910039138.1 Award for Excellence in a Kind of Flammable Fresh-keeping Agent for Fruits and Vegetables.

　　April 200510019084 Award for Excellence in Producing Recombinant Human Serum Albumin by Using Rice Endosperm Cells as Bioreactors

　　200310105219.X Award for Excellence in a Medicine for the Treatment of Uterine Myoma

　　200410068964.6 sweet potato protein and its production technology Excellence Award

　　200610086918.8 A genetic marker strain of porcine circovirus type 2 and its application Excellence Award

　　200610131965.X Award for Excellence in the Method of Producing Cellulose Alcohol by Fermentation from Corn Cob Processing Residue.

　　00134912.0 Award for Excellence in Preparation Method of Compound Pancreatic RNA for Injection

　　200710305340.5 Award for Excellence in Rapid Extraction of Ramie Fiber by Industrial Fermentation of Erwinia.

　　200710072549.1 Award for Excellence in refining soybean crude oil with immobilized phospholipase.

　　200810001185.2 Lansoprazole Freeze-dried Powder for Injection and Its Preparation Method Excellence Award

　　200610076310.7 Award for Excellence in Preparation Method of High Performance Polypropylene Composition

　　200580001873.3 Substituted azole compounds and their preparation and application Excellence Award

　　200410028722.4 Excellence Award for a Method of Producing Low-carbon Alcohol by Direct Hydration of Low-carbon Olefins

　　200610039134.X Sodium hydroxytanshinone ⅡA sulfonate and its use Excellence Award

　　02132862.5 Excellent Award for Copolymer Paste Resin and Its Preparation Method

　　200810218436.2 A thermoplastic flame retardant alloy and its preparation method Excellence Award

　　200810010800.6 Award for Excellence in a Method for Reducing Horizontal Current in Aluminum Liquid of Aluminum Reduction Cell

　　200610021930.0 alkali thickening rheological modifier and its preparation method Excellence Award

　　201010104492.0 A coordination thiol methyl tin compound and its preparation method and application Excellence Award.

　　200510078426.X Award for Excellence in Methods for Manufacturing Folic Acid Antagonists and Their Intermediates

　　201010561226.0 Award for Excellence in Polymer Nanohydrogel and Its Preparation Method

　　200610044171.X Award for Excellence in Process and Method of Producing Flame Retardant and Melting Resistant Fibers

　　200810117918.9 Gold Finger Manufacturing Method Award for Printed Circuit Board

　　200810018724.3 Award for Excellence in Application of Polyether Ether Ketone Composite Materials, Preparation Methods and Seals

　　200610064911.6 Award for Excellence in Digital Printing Processing Method of Cashmere Products

　　200810062215.0 Award for Excellence in Synthetic Process of 107 Silicone Rubber

　　200910116711.4 Award for Excellence in Polymerization Method of Polyvinyl Acetate with Low Degree of Polymerization

　　200710144844.3 An ASA Modified Material Excellence Award

　　201010582982.1 Award for Excellence in nylon engineering plastics for high-speed railway rail transit and its manufacturing method

　　200910230763.4 synchronous slow-release special fertilizer for super hybrid rice and its preparation method Excellence Award

　　200610070268.8 Award for Excellence in Preparation Method of a Class of Liquid Crystal Compounds Containing Cyclohexyl Lateral o-difluorobenzene

　　200710200584.7 Award for Excellence in Electric Short-circuit Method and Device of Aluminum Electrolysis Cell without Power Failure

　　200910072983.9 Excellence Award for an Oil Well Silicate Scale Inhibitor

　　200910014308.0 Award for Excellence in Formula and Preparation Method of an Environment-friendly Porcelain-Plastic Polymer Composite

　　201010256870.7 Excellence Award for Automobile Parts with Good Appearance for Injection Molding

　　201010022894.6 A fluoropolymer aqueous dispersion emulsion and its preparation method Excellence Award.

　　200810084149.7 Award for Excellence in Synthetic Methods of Agatraban and Its Intermediates

　　200910082277.2 Urea-formaldehyde resin additive and its preparation method and application excellence award.

　　200810139611.9 Award for Excellence in Humic Acid Coated Controlled Release Fertilizer

　　200910213168.X yarn loose salt-free cold pad-batch dyeing process excellence award.

　　200810238478.2 A catalytic oxidation system and its application in the synthesis of tazobactam.

　　200810048940.2 Award for Excellence in Production Technology of Refined Cotton for Copper Amine Wire

　　201010150237.X washing device excellence award in tunnel washing machine.

　　01139098.0 Excellence Award for a Micro Germanium Doped Czochralski Silicon Single Crystal

　　201010225094.4 Award for Excellence in a 2D/3D display switching device and its driving device and method.

　　201010574937.1 Award for Excellence in Determination Method of Sulfate Ion in Scaling Component of Water Vapor System of Power Plant

　　200710075828.3 Award for Excellence in a Multifunctional Health Examination Equipment and Its Control Method

　　200710122506.X Award for Excellence in Methods and Devices for Avoiding Residual Images

　　200580049795.4 Award for Excellence in a Laser Microarray Chip Scanner

　　200810062268.2 An online water quality monitoring method and system excellence award.

　　200910189853.3 A Digital Bar Position Control System and Its Control Method Excellence Award

　　200610060798.4 Excellence Award of Automobile Wheel Alignment Detection Method and System

　　200910243276.1 Award for Excellence in Semi-physical Simulation Test System of Rendezvous and Docking by Human Control

　　200810220661.X Excellence Award for a Low Noise, Narrow Linewidth and High Power Single Longitudinal Mode Fiber Laser

　　201010511742.2 Grating, Stereo Display Device and Stereo Display Method Excellence Award

　　200710030995.6 Award for Excellence in Real-time Monitoring System and Monitoring Method of Production Process

　　200610134368.2 Award for Excellence in Autonomous Flight Control System of Small Unmanned Helicopter

　　01130792.7 Excellence Award of Intracavity Variable Reflectance Optical Parametric Oscillator

　　200910088495.7 Award for Excellence in Methods and Devices for Automatic Detection of Baggage Explosives by Multi-angle X-rays.

　　200810004838.2 Semiconductor Laser Excellence Award

　　200910079085.6 Excellence Award of Quantitative Detector for Melamine Content in Liquid Milk

　　200910300592.8 Award for Excellence in Synchronization Method of Real-time and Non-real-time System Kernel Data of Industrial Ethernet CNC System

　　200710139619.0 Excellence Award for Simultaneous Determination of Various Metal Elements in Transformer Oil

　　200710099470.8 Award for Excellence in Multilevel Driving Device

　　200910029313.9 Award for Excellence in Drop Shock Test Device of Movable Impact Platform

　　200910188900.2 NOx Analyzer Excellence Award

　　201010523091.9 Award for Excellence in a Method for Measuring Minimal Gas Flow

　　200510126108.6 An Acellular Dermal Matrix Excellence Award

　　201010224959.5 Award for Excellence in Method and System of Vector Wave Field Separation and Synthesis of Seismic Wave

　　03146289.8 Award for Excellence in Fast Wheel Power Scanning and Smoke Emission Test Method for Diesel Vehicles

　　200710151479.9 liquid crystal display method and liquid crystal display device Excellence Award

　　200710068109.9 Award for Excellence in a Fast Spectrometer and Its Measurement Method

　　200410067747.5 Award for Excellence in Production Method of Large Optical Fiber Preform

　　200910078645.6 Excellence Award for Detection Circuit and Detection Method of LCD.

　　200610155839.8 Excellence Award of Quantitative Testing and Analysis Method for Texture of Cubic Materials

　　200810111874.9 TFT-LCD array substrate and its manufacturing method Excellence Award

　　200810000055.7 Excellence Award of Incremental Online Download Method for Control System Configuration

　　200810106529.6 Sensitization Detection Method and Application Excellence Award of Colloidal Gold Immunochromatography

　　200910227225.X Award for Excellence in Ultrasonic Guided Wave Testing Method for Thick-walled Pipeline in Power Station

　　200410029854.9 Award for Excellence in Dynamic Chromatographic Monitoring Method for Layered Productivity Contribution of Multi-layer Mixed Production Crude Oil

　　200710048066.8 Excellence Award for a Method to Prevent Avalanches in Industrial Automation System

　　200510050521.9 Award for Excellence in Manufacturing Method of a Super-resolution Microstructure Diffractive Optical Element

　　200810119923.3 Award for Excellence in a Method for Discriminating Voltage Instability and Power Angle Instability Based on Dynamic Thevenin Equivalence

　　201110115072.7 Excellent Award of Shaking Table System with Feedback Control Device Based on Linear Grating Ruler

　　200810096785.1 Excellence Award for a Self-destructing Safety Syringe

　　200810052576.7 Excellence Award for a coaxial large calendar display mechanism of a watch.

　　200810104068.9 Award for Excellence in Array Substrate and Manufacturing Method of FFS Mode Display Device

　　200810147662.6 Self-shrinking infusion bottle bag without negative pressure during infusion.

　　200910191195.1 Award for Excellence in Wireless Monitoring and Positioning System, Device and Method of Esophageal pH

　　201010226156.3 Award for Excellence in Deep Water Shallow High Resolution Multi-channel Seismic Exploration Data Transmission System

　　200410093250.0 Award for Excellence in Medical Thermal Diagnosis Digital Image Scanning System

　　201010548484.5 Excellence Award for a High Precision Belt Weighing Device

　　200610039679.0 Award for Excellence in a speech evaluation method that comprehensively uses speech recognition, phonetics knowledge and Chinese dialect analysis.

　　200910217868.6 Award for Excellence in Auto-focusing Method of Microscope System in Urine Sediment Inspection Equipment

　　200910041255.1 Award for Excellence in Bromate Control Method for Bottled Drinking Water

　　201010564914.2 Award for Excellence in Production Technology of Extracting Lithium from Ore by a Low Temperature Method

　　200710029544.0 Award for Excellence of Remote Control Method and System for Terminal Ambient Temperature and Cold Source Load of Central Air Conditioning

　　01134859.3 Award for Excellence in Efficient Guide Sieve Plate Tower

　　200810030402.0 Award for Excellence in Preparation Process of Metal Carbide Fine Powder

　　200710039046.4 Award for Excellence in Energy-saving Catalyst for Dehydrogenation of Ethylbenzene to Styrene

　　03106262.8 An insulating component and an electric water heater excellent award using the same.

　　200910153849.1 Award for Excellence in Device and Method for Simultaneous Removal of Various Pollutants by Limestone-Gypsum Wet Method

　　200410043708.1 Award for Excellence in hydrocracking process of medium and high temperature coal tar.

　　200710009628.8 Award for Excellence in Flue Gas Desulfurization and Dust Removal Device of Double Cycle Boiler

　　03153377.9 A highly dispersed iron-based direct coal liquefaction catalyst and its preparation method Excellence Award

　　01108139.2 Award for Excellence in Biomass Internal Circulation Conical Fluidized Bed Gasification Process and Equipment

　　200710179443.1 Award for Excellence in Selective Hydrogenation Catalyst and Its Preparation Method

　　200610082384.1 Award for Excellence in Regenerative Processing Device of Waste Lubricating Oil

　　200810238868.X Award for Excellence in Supporting System of Long-span Cable-stayed Bridge

　　200610146058.2 Award for Excellence in fluorination catalyst, its preparation method and application

　　201010566193.9 Award for Excellence in Indoor Air Sterilization and Disinfection Method

　　200410099080.7 Award for Excellence in Oriented Silicon Steel and Its Production Method and Device

　　200410024758.5 Cold-rolled enamel steel with excellent scale explosion resistance and ultra-deep drawability and its manufacturing method Excellence Award

　　200610011273.1 Award for Excellence in Dry Slag Removal Device of Coal-fired Boiler

　　98100003.7 Polyamic acid inner glue and its preparation method and use Excellence Award

　　200510050193.2 Martensite Excellence Award Toughened by Thin Film Austenite

　　200910046638.8 Excellent Award for a Flexible Strip Processing Line Suitable for Producing Various High Strength Steels.

　　200810026168.4 Award for Excellence in Rapid Reinforcement Method for Supersoft Soil Shallow Surface

　　200710028109.6 Award for Excellence in Repairing Ancient Building Walls

　　02108916.7 Excellence Award for Sludge Concentration and Dehydration Treatment Device

　　200910076819.5 Award for Excellence in Cement Emulsified Asphalt Mortar for Longitudinal Slab Ballastless Track

　　200910011802.1 Excellence Award for Centralized Cascade Recovery Method of Refinery Gas

　　200610043133.2 Award for Excellence of Fly Ash Internal Circulation Fluidization Re-ignition Device Based on High Temperature Separation

　　200810026300.1 Award for Excellence in Radiation-resistant Coatings for Nuclear Power Plants and Their Preparation Methods

　　200610018030.0 Award for Excellence in Wet Ammonia Desulfurization Process for Recovery of Ammonium Sulfate Fertilizer with Low Energy Consumption and High Quality

　　200410091490.7 Award for Excellence of a Hydrodesulfurization Catalyst Containing Molecular Sieves

　　200410020797.8 A Hydrogenation Catalyst for Maximum Production of Diesel Oil and Its Preparation Method Excellence Award

　　200810046146.4 Award for Excellence in One-step Production of Rare Earth Chloride and Cerium Fluoride with Less Cerium

　　200710163930.9 Pretreatment method of an organic extractant and its application Excellence Award

　　200810227196.2 Excellence Award for a Composite Anticorrosion Heat Exchanger Using the Heat Energy of Flue Gas Condensation

　　200910181566.8 Award for Excellence of a Saturated Alkane Dehydrogenation Catalyst with Heterogeneous Distribution of Active Components

　　201010561209.7 An air conditioner using variable capacity compressor and its control method Excellence Award

　　200710050017.8 Award for Excellence in Cleaning Process of Alkali Production with External Cooling Shift Gas

　　200810012497.3 Award for Excellence in Catalyst for Methanol Synthesis and Its Preparation Method

　　200710172945.1 Award for Excellence of Magnesium Alloy Inserts for Spacecraft

　　201010258319.6 Method Excellence Award for Extracting Chondroitin, Collagen and High Calcium Powder from Animal Cartilage

　　200710009232.3 Award for Excellence in Road Scrubbing Device of Sanitation Vehicle

　　200910100097.2 Award for Excellence in Treatment of Wastewater Produced in the Process of Synthesizing Vanillin by Glyoxylic Acid Method

　　201010577006.7 Award for Excellence in Air Conditioning System of Indirect Evaporative Chiller and Traditional Mechanical Refrigerator.

　　200810134571.9 Award for Excellence in Natural Color Toilet Paper and Its Preparation Method

　　200710024392.5 Excellence Award of a Polyether Super Early Strength Superplasticizer for Concrete

　　200910235528.6 Award for Excellence of a natural fiber composite granulator

　　200910019534.8 Outstanding Award of Vertical Automatic Filter Press

　　200810107436.5 Composite Rubber Extruder Head Excellence Award

　　200710185347.8 Award for Excellence in Manufacturing Method of High Strength X80 Steel Spiral Welded Pipe

　　200610035293.2 Excellence Award for a Distributed Automatic Control System of Plastic Blow Molding Machine

　　200910096259.X Excellence Award for a New Glass Fiber Composition

　　200910069758.X 150ksi Award for Excellence in Downhole Operation of High Toughness Oil and Gas Wells.

　　200810053275.6 Method Excellence Award for Preparation of Ferrous lithium phosphate Cathode Materials by Three-step High-temperature Solid-state Calcination

　　200510079702.4 Award for Excellence in a Combustible Powder Swirl Burner

　　00134681.4 Excellent Award of Environmental Protection Plywood Production Process

　　200810231385.7 A PTFE-filled composite sandwich skateboard and its preparation method Excellence Award

　　201010252648.X Award for Excellence in Preparation and Application of a Gasoline Selective Hydrodesulfurization Catalyst

　　201010033398.0 High-strength fatigue-resistant atmospheric corrosion-resistant hot-rolled steel strip and its manufacturing method Excellence Award

　　94116598.1 Construction method of grouting at the pile tip of on-site cast-in-place pile and award for excellence of grouting pipe for pressure grouting at the pile tip.

　　200810017864.9 Award for Excellence in High Efficiency Micro-emission Coal-fired Hot Water Boiler

　　200510101385.1 Award for Excellence in Recycling Technology of Automobile and Electronic Waste Rubber and Plastics

　　200610119244.7 Excellent Award of Combined Control Quenching and Cooling Method for Suspended Quenching of Quenched Parts: Spray Quenching, Immersion Quenching and Air Cooling.

　　200910309567.6 Method Excellence Award for Low-cost Preparation of High Elongation Ductile Iron Castings

　　200810069961.2 Award for Excellence in Anti-corrosion Technology of Black Metal in Zinc-Nickel Infiltration Layer

　　201010237637.4 Award for Excellence in Constant Air Temperature Control System of Hot Stove

　　200710099843.1 Excellence Award for a Method of Selective Hydrodesulfurization of Gasoline

　　200910144737.X Award for Excellence in Preparation Method of Emulsified Asphalt Mortar

　　200710159283.4 Award for Excellence of Cantilever Shaft Spiral Belt Feeder for Large Dryer

　　201010529181.9 A hydraulic excavator flow control method and control loop excellence award.

　　200810149059.1 Award for Excellence in Immersion Solution Transformation of Solid Potash Ore

　　200810305601.8 Excellence Award for a Cleaner Production Method of Vanadium Oxide

　　200910035886.2 A manufacturing method of coated paper with high mechanical pulp content and its excellent award.

　　200510010294.7 Award for Excellence of Solar Heating, Air Conditioning and Hot Water Multipurpose Device

　　200810140720.2 Award for Excellence in Energy Saving System and Construction Method of Reinforced Concrete Externally Poured Wall Structure with Built-in Thermal Insulation

　　200710077817.9 Award for Excellence in Treatment Method of Copper Tailings from Waste Residue Selection

　　200910181331.9 Award for Excellence in the Method of Making Bleached Mechanical Pulp for Copying Cultural Paper from Poplar Processing Residues

　　200910114853.7 Award for Excellence in 3D Constraint Measurement Method of Existing Line

　　200610020143.4 Excellent Award of High Performance and Low Precious Metal Three-way Catalyst

　　201010203376.4 Award for Excellence in Catalyst for Mercury Fixation by Hydrochlorination of Acetylene

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According to Cailian News, the domestic big model competition continues. The science and technology innovation board Journal reporter learned exclusively from people familiar with the matter that MiniMax, a start-up project of general large model, is carrying out a new round of large-scale financing.Ali is the core lead investor.

Not long ago, the dark side of another big model startup, Moon, also reported the completion of financing of $1 billion, and Ali also appeared among investors.

The science and technology innovation board Journal reporter also learned exclusively that,In this round of large-scale financing on the dark side of the moon, most of the funds came from Ali.This also made Ali a major shareholder outside the dark side team of the month after this round of financing. What is more noteworthy is that,Part of Ali’s investment belongs to calculation payment.

It can be seen that Ali’s investment strategy for domestic large models is becoming more radical after the beginning of the year, and both the frequency and the amount of money are obviously rising. Prior to this, Ali had invested in Baichuan Intelligence, Zhipu AI and 10,000 things. At this point, Ali has completed investment coverage for the first few large domestic models.

Ali’s investment in domestic big models, in addition to holding shares and other considerations, is a more critical strategic point, or laying a first-Mover advantage for Alibaba Cloud’s competition in the AGI era. The strength competition of domestic large-scale entrepreneurial projects is becoming more and more fierce, and the competition and layout of internet giants in this field has also begun to get out of the differentiation situation.

Domestic big models burn money continuously.

The above-mentioned insiders said that the latest round of financing of MiniMax is still in progress, and the final amount has not yet been fully determined."But it will also be a big financing like the dark side of the moon."

The science and technology innovation board Journal reporter learned that most of the two large-scale financing of domestic large-scale models recently came from Ali’s contribution. As for the capital contribution logic of Internet giants including Ali, some investors have analyzed that in addition to holding these domestic large-scale model projects, it is also related to the future development considerations of cloud services of the big manufacturers themselves.

"The more the big model is trained to the back, the greater the capital investment is needed. Different from Internet applications, applications based on big models have to pay reasoning expenses in the use process, so they naturally rely on cloud vendors. Just like the overseas big model war situation, OpenAI binds Microsoft, while Anthropic binds AWS and Google. Internet and cloud service giants are facing this prospect, and their willingness to save money is also strong. "

At present, domestic large models are catching up with GPT 4. According to relevant data, GPT 4 needs to be carried out on a single computing cluster with tens of thousands of A100 parallel computers, and the training takes 4-6 months. In the case of limited supply of computing chips, most domestic large-scale model entrepreneurial projects cannot have the same training conditions, which is also the biggest bottleneck of domestic large-scale models at present. However, domestic head cloud service vendors have rich clusters of computing power. From this perspective, the development of large-scale model startups may be constrained by big Internet companies.

It has been reported in the market that after the supply of computing chips was limited last year, the price of cloud services of big Internet companies increased, and the contract prices of some large model startups and cloud service vendors directly increased by 50%. Yang Zhilin, the founder of the dark side of the moon, also mentioned in a recent interview with the media that the price of the machine changed every day for a period of time. "The price has always changed, and the strategy has always changed. There are many different choices from which channel to buy or rent."

From this perspective,Although two large-scale entrepreneurial projects have received a large amount of financing, the biggest winner in the two transactions may also be Ali as an investor."Regardless of the proportion of computing power payment in Ali’s investment in domestic large models, Ali has realized the long-term binding of the project’s demand for computing power clusters and Alibaba Cloud through investment." The above investors told reporters.

It further stated that for the project side, the binding with the Internet giant is a double-edged sword. That is to say, on the one hand, this deep binding may become a constraint to its own development. "On the other hand, the project has very good training resources at once through this binding, and it is possible to launch a better big model than other domestic startups in a short time."

In a recent interview, Yang Zhilin was also asked questions related to Internet giants. Regarding the view that the big model company is finally acquired by the giants, it said in the answer, "Not necessarily, but they may have a deep cooperative relationship. OpenAI and Microsoft are typical cooperation models, and there are many things that can be referenced and some that can be optimized. "

According to the transaction details disclosed by foreign media, a large part of Microsoft’s investment in OpenAI is also paid by force. Other terms include that Microsoft will get three-quarters of OpenAI’s profits until it recovers up to $10 billion in investment; Microsoft’s shareholding in OpenAI is 49%.

Regarding the above investment trends and details, the science and technology innovation board Journal reporter contacted Ali, MiniMax and the Dark Side of the Moon, but no reply was received as of press time.

The competition for domestic big models is fierce

In 2024, Ali’s investment strategy for domestic large models became radical. Some analysts told the science and technology innovation board Journal reporter that,"Wu Yongming is buying a long-term future for Alibaba Cloud through investment."Wu Yongming is the current CEO of Ali Group, Taotian Group and Alibaba Cloud Intelligent Group.

The industry expects that the development of the big model in the future will bring great changes to the field of cloud services. At present, the Internet giants, who are aware of the impending change, have started the competition in cloud services. Overseas giants such as Microsoft, Google and Amazon not only bind AI customers through equity investment, but also actively cooperate with big model startups to broaden the imagination of future cloud business.

Microsoft is undoubtedly the earliest one among them, and it is also the first giant to reap the fruits. Satyanarayana nadella, CEO of Microsoft, previously said in a conference call that more than 18,000 companies are using Microsoft’s Azure OpenAI service, including customers who have never used Azure before. At the same time, many of the revenue growth of its cloud computing product Azure comes from the GPT 4 portal provided by Microsoft.

The above-mentioned analysts told reporters that before, Ali and Tencent’s investment in domestic large models belonged to "spreading water", but at present they are out of differentiation in investment strategy."Tencent has always been hesitant. On the one hand, it may be because the decision-making level has not fully understood the big model and has expectations for its own mixed model. On the contrary, its foreign investment action has slowed down. After the beginning of the year, Ali obviously became more fierce. "

Last year, Ali and Tencent appeared in the same round of financing of Baichuan Intelligent and Zhipu AI. In addition, Tencent launched MiniMax’s A round of financing last year; Alibaba Cloud has invested exclusively in the Angel Wheel.

From the decision-making level, Ali put forward the strategy of "AI+ platformization" two-wheel drive last year; As for Tencent, at the recent Tencent 2023 annual meeting, Ma Huateng said that in the AI field, "We can finally keep up with the first array, which is not the most advanced, but at least it is not too backward. I think we should combine our scenes later and apply the AI ? ? mixed model to various scenes. In a short period of one or two years, I feel that there will not be a pure native AI application, and it should still be integrated into all our products to improve efficiency. I think this is a great opportunity. " Tencent’s own mixed model was unveiled in September last year.

Among the domestic big manufacturers, Baidu, which publicly stated that cloud services have been boosted by big models, was the first to enter the market and lay out big models. The 2023 financial report released by Baidu recently showed that its non-online marketing revenue was 8.3 billion yuan, up 9% year-on-year, which was the highest quarterly revenue in the history of this sector, mainly due to the expansion of its business in intelligent cloud. At the earnings conference call, Li Yanhong said that "the big model brought about 660 million yuan in revenue to the cloud business".

People familiar with the field of cloud services said: "In the future, cloud vendors without the support of the top-level big model may have a difficult competitive advantage."

At the current stage, the advent of Sora model is also stimulating Internet giants to start a new round of AI investment strategy adjustment. Some insiders told the science and technology innovation board Journal reporter that "Byte and Tencent are now looking at the direction of Wensheng video."

Original title: exclusive | domestic big model competition is fierce! After the dark side of the moon, Ali has to invest in MiniMax’s large amount of financing

Editor: Deng Xi Editor: Zhang Songtao Audit: Feng Fei

　　 More than 80% of human immune function is based on the balance of intestinal flora. Abuse of antibiotics destroys a large number of probiotics and intestinal microecological balance, which creates conditions for the invasion and reproduction of bacteria in vitro.

　　 At present, there are three major problems in antibiotic supervision in China: first, pollution control started late, drug production and use registration system is lacking, and load estimation is difficult; Second, environmental science is out of touch with hydrology, and it is difficult to trace the process; Third, the lack of advanced sewage treatment process makes it difficult to reduce the load.

　　 At present, there is not enough research on the harm mechanism of antibiotics and insufficient supervision on antibiotic abuse in China. We should revise the standard as soon as possible, strictly control the source and strengthen the research to control the antibiotic pollution in rivers, lakes and reservoirs.

　　In recent years, with the continuous promotion of the great protection of the Yangtze River, the water quality in the Yangtze River basin has improved significantly. However, our reporter’s recent investigation found that the concentration of antibiotics in the Yangtze River basin was high and the aquatic ecosystem was destroyed. What is even more worrying is that related surveys show that about 40% of pregnant women in the Yangtze River Delta have detected antibiotics in their urine, and nearly 80% of children have detected veterinary antibiotics in their urine, and some of them have been banned in clinic, which may seriously damage human immunity.

　　Many authoritative experts have called for bringing the threat of antibiotics into the national security monitoring system as soon as possible, strictly controlling the use and discharge of antibiotics from the source, strengthening the research on the impact of pollution on human health, and improving the level of safety prevention and control.

　　Antibiotic pollution destroys water ecology, and the exposure risk of pregnant children increases.

　　The Yangtze River is an important water source, and its water quality is related to the health of hundreds of millions of people. With the rapid industrialization and urbanization of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the abuse of antibiotics has become increasingly prominent, which not only has a chronic toxic effect on aquatic organisms, but also tends to produce drug resistance and reduce human immunity.

　　A recent survey by the Yangtze River Protection and Green Development Institute of Hohai University shows that the average concentration of antibiotics in the Yangtze River is 156ng/L (ng/L), which is higher than that in some developed countries in Europe and America. The discharge of antibiotics in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River ranks among the top three in China, with an annual discharge intensity of about 60.0 kg/km2.

　　Destroy the ecology of the Yangtze River basin and have a chronic toxicological effect on aquatic organisms. Professor Chen Qiuwen, director of the Institute of Ecology of Nanjing Academy of Water Sciences and director of the Ecological Environment Center of Yangtze River Protection and Green Development Research Institute, found that antibiotics and their metabolites have potential toxicological risks to aquatic organisms such as microorganisms, phytoplankton and fish that are not resistant to drugs, destroying the energy transmission of aquatic food chain, and then affecting the health of high-trophic organisms and aquatic ecosystems.

　　"If the use of antibiotics is not strictly controlled, there will still be a growth trend in the future." Wang Zhiyuan, a senior engineer at the Institute of Ecology, Nanjing Academy of Water Sciences, believes that the "pseudo-persistence" of antibiotic analysis in drinking water sources in the main stream of the Yangtze River can have a chronic toxic effect on aquatic organisms, leading to antibiotics or resistance genes in aquatic organisms. The Yangtze River Delta region has a high intensity of human activities and a large amount of antibiotics, and the situation of antibiotic pollution prevention and control is more severe than that in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River.

　　Children and pregnant women are generally exposed, which destroys human immunity. In recent years, the School of Public Health of Fudan University investigated thousands of children aged 8-11 and 516 pregnant women. The results showed that 21 kinds of antibiotics for human use, veterinary use or human and veterinary use were detected in children’s urine samples, and 79.6% of school-age children detected one or more antibiotics in their urine, some of which were clinically banned. The exposure of veterinary antibiotics was related to children’s obesity and precocious puberty. In addition, 16 kinds of antibiotics were detected in the urine of pregnant women in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai, and the detection rate of one or more antibiotics was 41.6%. The exposure of pregnant women was more common and the risk was greater.

　　Professor Chen Qiuwen believes that antibiotics can not be completely metabolized after entering human bodies and animals through drinking water or eating aquatic products. After a long period of intake, antibiotics follow the blood circulation and spread all over many organs, resulting in a gradual decline in immunity.

　　Experts believe that more than 80% of human immune function is based on the balance of intestinal flora. Abuse of antibiotics destroys probiotics in large quantities, which reduces the number of microorganisms sensitive to antibiotics in the gastrointestinal tract, while the flora with poor sensitivity takes the opportunity to multiply in large quantities, which destroys the microecological balance of the intestine and creates conditions for the invasion and reproduction of bacteria in vitro.

　　It is strictly forbidden to discharge Liu Daowei. Photo/This print

　　Two sources of antibiotics: aquaculture materials+medical discharge

　　Our reporter’s investigation found that antibiotics in water mainly come from hospital and pharmaceutical wastewater, aquatic products and livestock and poultry breeding wastewater, and landfill sites. Most antibiotics cannot be effectively removed under the existing technology, resulting in rivers and lakes becoming antibiotic and drug-resistant gene banks.

　　Researchers from the Yangtze River Protection and Green Development Research Institute found in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River that in the process of breeding pigs, broilers and aquatic products, many farmers used to add various antibiotics to their feed in order to reduce the incidence of infection. For example, colistin sulfate and chlortetracycline are commonly used antibiotics in pig feed, and some one ton of feed can add one catty of antibiotics. Some fishery farmers admit: "Antibiotics must be mixed in the feed for raising fish and crabs, or you will definitely lose money if you die."

　　Wastewater from pharmaceutical factories and hospitals contains high concentrations of antibiotics, which causes serious pollution in river basins. The researchers found that there are sewage outlets of large pharmaceutical production enterprises 5 kilometers upstream of some drinking water sources. For example, there are three pharmaceutical companies near the water source in a city in the Yangtze River Delta, and there are six or seven pharmaceutical factories at the intersection of some tributaries of the Yangtze River. The wastewater contains high concentrations of antibiotics.

　　According to the investigation, in recent years, although the Yangtze River Basin has intensified its rectification efforts, many enterprises in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River have moved to the upper reaches or tributaries, and the pollution situation is grim.

　　The latest research by Zhu Yongguan, an academician of China Academy of Sciences, shows that most of the antibiotics ingested by animals enter the soil and water through animal feces and urine in the form of original drugs or metabolites, and they are toxic to the whole ecological environment through the food chain, affecting the normal life activities and functions of plants, soil microorganisms and animals. More seriously, the environmental residue of antibiotics will induce the selection of resistant bacteria, promote the lateral transfer of resistance genes, and lead to the spread of microbial drug resistance. However, microorganisms carrying resistance genes will further multiply when they spread to new environments, and may transfer resistance genes to pathogenic bacteria through the lateral transfer of genes, which will bring disastrous harm to health.

　　Strengthening antibiotic supervision and improving pollution disposal ability

　　Many authoritative experts pointed out that at present, there is not enough research on the harm mechanism of antibiotics and insufficient supervision on antibiotic abuse in China, which leads to the serious high antibiotic content in rivers, lakes and reservoirs.

　　Zhang Jianyun, an academician of China Academy of Engineering and dean of the Yangtze River Protection and Green Development Research Institute of Hohai University, believes that there are three major problems in antibiotic supervision in China: First, pollution control started late, drug production and use registration system is lacking, and load estimation is difficult; Second, environmental science is out of touch with hydrology, and it is difficult to trace the process; Third, the lack of advanced sewage treatment process makes it difficult to reduce the load.

　　"At present, there is a lack of research on the antibiotic exposure of all ages and people, the impact and mechanism of antibiotic exposure on the health of children and people, and the impact of antibiotic exposure from the environment and food on the microbial resistance of people." Professor Jiang Qingwu, former dean of the School of Public Health of Fudan University, said.

　　Relevant experts appealed that the risk of antibiotic pollution is related to people’s health and the long-term development of the Chinese nation. Standards should be revised as soon as possible, sources should be strictly controlled, research should be strengthened, and antibiotic pollution in the Yangtze River basin should be controlled.

　　Strengthen the construction of antibiotic monitoring capacity and revise relevant standards. Academician Zhang Jianyun pointed out that there is still no mandatory standard for the limit value of antibiotic occurrence level in surface water environment, and suggested that antibiotics should be included in the monitoring index in the national water environment monitoring platform for key control sections, and the reference index of typical antibiotics and the limit control index should be added to the current drinking water standard.

　　Reduce the use and discharge of antibiotics from the source. Professor Tang Hongwu, secretary of the Party Committee of Hohai University and executive director of the Yangtze River Protection and Green Development Research Institute, suggested that the mechanism of antibiotic use registration and discharge control should be improved, and a database of antibiotic pollution sources in river basins in China should be established, with emphasis on monitoring key risk sources that contribute a lot to antibiotic load, such as pharmaceutical factories and farms. At the same time, guide aquaculture practitioners to use antibiotics rationally, reduce the dosage, and put an end to the use of banned antibiotics.

　　Strengthen the research on the impact of antibiotic pollution on health and food, and improve the ability of pollution treatment. Professor Jiang Qingwu suggested that the environmental antibiotic residues and human antibiotic exposure and their impact on health should be comprehensively evaluated, with special attention to the impact on children’s growth and development, and the effects and mechanisms of environmental antibiotic residues on bacterial resistance and human health should be studied, so as to provide reliable basic data and theoretical basis for aquaculture, health supervision, food processing and environmental supervision policies.