【Thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and Chinese modernization.】
Guangming Daily reporter Zhao Qiuli Li Zhichen
Late autumn is coming, and autumn is everywhere. The picking garden in Anshanghu Village, Wutu Street, Changle County, Weifang City, Shandong Province ushered in the harvest season. Grapes, kiwifruit and other branches were covered with thick fruit fragrance. In the autumn season, walking in the vast fertile fields of Weifang, Shandong Province, neatly arranged intelligent greenhouses, fruitful modern fruit base, beautiful and livable Hemei village … … A busy harvest scene is filled with the joy of harvest everywhere.
Behind the pleasant rural scenery, there is such a set of data as support: as an important grain bag, vegetable basket, meat case, fruit plate, seed bank and agricultural machinery city in China, Weifang, Shandong Province uses the national 1.7‰ Land, 1 & permit; Fresh water contributed 6.4&permil to the whole country; Grain, 16.8‰ Vegetables, 10.7‰ Meat, eggs and milk, 21.4‰ Of agricultural exports.
Weifang’s farming civilization has a long history and has the gene of attaching importance to agriculture and strengthening agriculture. In recent years, in order to achieve high yield and increase income, Weifang has focused on the top priority of stabilizing production and ensuring supply, the top priority of industrial revitalization, the basic project of the United States and rural areas, the core driving force of reform and innovation, and the central task of increasing farmers’ income, and strived to build a pilot area for rural revitalization of Qilu.
Continuously improve the level of agricultural industrialization
Not long ago, the scene of the dividend meeting in Xiaowu Village, xiangzhou town, Zhucheng City, Weifang was very lively, and 128 villagers lined up to receive the wheat dividend.
"In the past, I used to harvest wheat, sweating under the scorching sun. Now we have invested the land in the cooperative, and one mu of land has guaranteed the bottom income of 1000 yuan. Now we have given us a dividend of 128 yuan per mu. " He Zhijiang, a 70-year-old villager said.
The Grid Party Branch of Xiaowu Village has established a professional cooperative for grain planting. Farmers have invested in land, integrated the scattered land, and developed improved wheat breeding and large-scale grain planting. They have invested in more than 1,600 mu of land.
Liu Jinlong, secretary of the Party branch of Xiaowu Village Grid and chairman of the cooperative, calculated an account for the reporter: this year, the cooperative realized a single-season income of 501,500 yuan, and after deducting the cost, the net income was 112,900 yuan. After withdrawing 20% of the provident fund, the total dividend was 90,320 yuan. Among them, the village collective dividend is 18,100 yuan, and the farmers who join the society share dividends.
"Through the reform of the joint-stock cooperative system, the assets and resources that are idle and temporarily unable to realize income in the village will be co-ordinated, so that resources will become assets, funds will become shares, and farmers will become shareholders." Sun Zhiliang, secretary of the Party Committee of xiangzhou town, said, "In order to realize joint-stock cooperation, we have built Zhucheng joint-stock cooperation incubation center, cultivated 38 joint-stock cooperatives to develop large-scale grain management, and various types of joint-stock cooperatives have flourished."
In recent years, Zhucheng has adhered to the "three steps" of promoting agriculture through industry, promoting rural areas through cities, coordinating counties and integrating urban and rural areas, singing the "three steps" of joint-stock cooperation, in which branches are built on the grid, party organizations lead cooperatives and thousands of enterprises promote thousands of cooperatives, and making every effort to promote "four concentrations and two transfers". Agricultural land is concentrated in moderate-scale operations, industries and enterprises are concentrated in parks, public services are concentrated in township communities, and policy resources are concentrated in new agricultural business entities and leading agricultural enterprises.
In Xiaojiahe Village, Honghe Town, Changle County, not far from Zhucheng, hundreds of acres of corn have been harvested. With the roar of large combine harvesters, corn cobs with full grains are poured into the carriage and packed to the brim. Since 2021, Honghe Town has given full play to the advantages of growing grain crops in a large agricultural town, and set up a grain professional cooperative in Xiaojiahe Village as a pilot party branch. Led by the village party branch and party member cadres, it has transferred a total of more than 450 mu of land, vigorously promoted large-scale planting, mechanized production, bulk procurement and specialized services, and increased the yield of wheat and corn by about 20%.
The specialized grain cooperatives led by the Party branch not only promote the development of one village and one territory, but also walk out of a spacious road in ensuring food security. "In recent years, we have made great efforts to play the role of the fighting bastion of grassroots party organizations, successfully piloted the Party branch to lead the grain professional cooperatives in Xiaojiahe Village, and then established the Party Committee of Xiaojiahe Rural Revitalization Demonstration Area, and promoted this model throughout the town, driving 138 villages to register and establish grain professional cooperatives, and transferring more than 11,000 mu of land, which is expected to increase the income of the village collectives by nearly 10 million yuan, and has achieved good results in village development and collective income increase." Zhang Lijun, Party Secretary of Honghe Town, said.
In recent years, Weifang has actively promoted the optimal allocation of agricultural production factors in a larger scope and at a higher level, continuously improved the level of agricultural industrialization, and handed over a high-quality answer sheet on agriculture, rural areas and farmers.
Explore "from a seed to a good dish"
Walking into Luli Village, Huanglou Street, Qingzhou City, the flower greenhouses on both sides of the main road are arranged neatly, and the signs outside the greenhouse say the flower varieties being planted and sold, from grass flowers to succulent flowers to high-grade flowers, all kinds and complete varieties. "There are 265 households in our village, and basically every household grows flowers." Li Hongjie, secretary of the Party branch of Luli Village, said.
"Our village has been planting flowers for nearly 30 years. It is one of the specialized flower villages in the city, with an average household area of three or four acres and four flower sheds. The annual income can reach about 400,000 yuan. Lean on this ‘ Beauty ’ Industry, the life of villagers is becoming more and more beautiful! " Looking at the villages that have been revitalized through the flower industry, Li Hongjie’s words are full of pride.
Industry is the foundation and advantage of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization. Weifang city insists on promoting the overall revitalization of the countryside with industrial revitalization, integrating production and marketing, integrating agricultural and cultural tourism, integrating into the "double cycle", improving the whole link of agriculture and adding value to the whole chain.
When I came to Shouguang, all kinds of vegetable greenhouses have become a beautiful and unique landscape here. In the endless greenhouse, the fruits and vegetables are fragrant and green, and the hardworking vegetable farmers are relaxed in their busy work, and their faces are filled with the joy of harvest.
Shouguang is a well-known vegetable town in China, the birthplace of protected vegetables and the largest vegetable distribution center in China. By the end of 2022, Shouguang City had planted 600,000 mu of protected vegetables, about 107,000 people were engaged in vegetable greenhouse production, and the number of greenhouses was 157,000. The annual output of vegetables was 4.5 million tons, with an annual output value of 11 billion yuan. From advanced seeds and seedlings to the whole process of modernization, the whole chain of vegetable greenhouse construction management and operation system has exerted its strength, and the development context and experience of Shouguang facility vegetable industry have been condensed into "Shouguang model".
In recent years, Shouguang, guided by the establishment of the first batch of agricultural modernization demonstration zones in China, has actively integrated into the construction of Weifang National Agricultural Comprehensive Zone, focused on the integration of the whole chain of industries, continued to strengthen both ends, upgrade the middle and empower the digital, focused on solving the problem of "where to transform" modern agriculture, concentrated on building a comprehensive service base for the national vegetable industry, and explored and practiced the whole chain development path of "from a seed to a good dish".
Strolling through the standardized production demonstration park of protected vegetables in Danhe, Shouguang City, the exhibition hall is full of dazzling eggplant seeds, melons are thriving in the greenhouse, and then there are colorful eggplant fruits and various prefabricated vegetable products … … You can see the whole process of "from a seed to a good dish"
The development of the whole industrial chain of Danhe Protected Vegetable Standardized Production Demonstration Park is the epitome of the transformation and upgrading of Shouguang vegetable industry. Since 2012, Shouguang City has issued supporting policies for vegetable seed industry for five times in a row, and planned to build a research and development center of the national modern vegetable seed industry innovation and entrepreneurship base covering an area of 138 mu, with a total investment of 300 million yuan, and cultivated seven leading enterprises in seed industry, including vegetable seed industry group, Miki seedling and Yongsheng agriculture.
"We used to do the circulation and processing of vegetables, and we needed to buy seeds from abroad. The price was very high. In order to change this situation, we began to develop seeds ourselves." Liu Xinqing, chairman of Shouguang Vegetable Seed Industry Group, said. Today, Danhe Protected Vegetable Standardized Production Demonstration Park has built the largest vegetable germplasm resource bank in Shandong, and more than 80% of the base vegetable varieties have achieved independent research and development.
At present, there are 15 enterprises engaged in vegetable breeding in Shouguang, 7 of which have been approved by provincial technology research and development centers, independently researching and developing 178 vegetable varieties, with an annual breeding capacity of 1.8 billion seedlings and an output value exceeding 1 billion yuan.
After years of hard work, all parts of Weifang have their own characteristics and highlights. For example, Zhucheng mainly focuses on aquaculture and processing, as well as Anqiu’s export agriculture, Xiashan’s organic agriculture, as well as Changyi’s seedlings, Linqu’s fruit, Changle’s watermelon and so on, all of which have achieved a certain scale and made a brand effect, which has a certain influence throughout the country.
"Digital Plus" Impels Vegetable Industry to Upgrade
In the greenhouse of Cui Yonggang, a grower of Cuixixiwang Family Farm in Weifang City, the original tomato of "Cuixiyipin" has been planted, and there are all kinds of intelligent equipment such as water and fertilizer integrated machine, soil wet and dry detection, air temperature and humidity detector, intelligent ventilator and intelligent shutter.
"The newly installed water and fertilizer integrated machine can control six greenhouses at the same time. With these equipment, I only need to pull the grass in the early stage, hang the rope in the middle stage, trim the culm and pick it in the later stage, and all the rest work is done by smart equipment." Cui Yonggang said that the "Cuixi Yipin" original tomatoes in the family farm will be harvested in late October, which will be purchased by the cooperatives in Cuilingxi Village and sold to all parts of the country through online and offline platforms.
Coincidentally. "Xiaojin, Xiaojin, start fertilizing … …” In the glass greenhouse of Shouguang Smart Agricultural Science and Technology Park, robots with different shapes and functions are issuing "instructions" and immediately begin to work in an orderly manner. "Xiaojin" is also called "the brain of the farmer". Its background system has entered all the relevant standard data formulated by the National Vegetable Quality Standards Center, digitized the traditional agricultural production experience, and provided accurate production management basis, predicted yield, agricultural plan, etc. for the park by constructing models of vegetable growth, pests and diseases, yield prediction, soil moisture, etc., and realized green production and intelligent planting.
Today, Shouguang City has instigated the vegetable industry to upgrade through "Digital Plus", and has carried out in-depth cooperation with more than 40 scientific research institutes such as China Agricultural University and Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, and built 12 national brand platforms, including the National Vegetable Quality Standard Center and the National Modern Vegetable Seed Industry Innovation and Entrepreneurship Base, and built 18 digital agricultural parks covering an area of 23,000 mu. Automatic temperature control, intelligent atomization and other equipment have become "standard" for new greenhouses, and the penetration rate of intelligent equipment, Internet of Things application rate and standards.
According to the relevant person in charge of Shouguang City, vegetable greenhouses have now developed to the seventh generation, with a greenhouse being a "smart workshop" and a park being a "green factory".
At the same time, Shouguang is also guided by cross-regional party building, breaking the regional boundaries between provinces and cities, giving full play to the advantages of Shouguang vegetable industry chain, guiding Shouguang agricultural enterprises and talents to actively go out, building facility vegetable parks, and popularizing planting management techniques. Parks with "Shouguang elements" are spread all over the country. At present, Shouguang has identified 59 standardization bases in Sichuan, Jiangxi, Inner Mongolia and other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, relying on the National Vegetable Quality Standards Center to accelerate the export of the whole chain standards of vegetable parks and boost the high-quality development of the national vegetable industry.
In recent years, Weifang regards science and technology as the primary productive force, builds up innovative brains such as Peking University Institute of Modern Agriculture, and breaks through the "card point" of seed industry. The market share of domestic vegetable varieties has reached 75%, the application rate of Internet of Things in facility agriculture has reached 80%, the average yield per mu has increased by more than 30%, and the contribution rate of agricultural science and technology progress in the city has reached 69%. With the blessing of scientific and technological strength, Weifang has turned from a production area of agricultural products to an export area of technical standards, and its core competitiveness and market discourse power are getting stronger and stronger.
Number theory
In the first half of 2023, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in Weifang was 67.9 billion yuan, and the added value of the primary industry was 37.428 billion yuan, keeping the leading position in the province in all major indicators.
Weifang actively and steadily promoted 24 reform pilot tasks at or above the provincial level, such as the rural homestead system reform pilot, and the total rural collective assets of the city reached 61.79 billion yuan.
Weifang was approved to build the only national comprehensive experimental zone for agricultural opening and development, and the export value of agricultural products reached 13.62 billion yuan in 2022.
Source: Weifang City, Shandong Province
Guangming Daily (October 17, 2023, 05 edition)
