General Office of the State Council on Promoting Disease Prevention and Control

Guiding opinions on high-quality development

Guo Ban Fa [2023] No.46　

People’s governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:

The disease prevention and control system is an important guarantee for protecting people’s health, ensuring public health safety and maintaining economic and social stability. In order to implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on reforming and improving the disease control system, and promote the high-quality development of disease control and the realization of the strategic goal of healthy China, with the consent of the State Council, we put forward the following opinions.

I. General requirements

(1) Guiding ideology.Guided by Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, we should fully implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, base ourselves on the new stage of development, implement the new development concept completely, accurately and comprehensively, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, adhere to the people-centered development thought, firmly establish the overall national security concept, make overall plans for the development of disease control, systematically reshape the disease control system, and comprehensively enhance the disease control ability, so as to give full play to the important role of disease control in the overall national strategy.

(2) Development goals.By 2030, we will improve the multi-sector, trans-regional and military joint prevention and control mechanism, build a disease control system with disease control institutions and various specialized disease prevention and control institutions as the backbone, medical institutions as the support, grass-roots medical and health institutions as the net, integration of defense and civilian technologies, prevention and control combined with the whole society, and improve a centralized, unified and efficient monitoring, early warning and emergency command system for infectious diseases, forming a sound system, smooth mechanism, clear rights and responsibilities, perfect functions, efficient operation, coordinated linkage and coordination.

Second, the system reshapes the disease control system

(3) Strengthening the core functions of disease control institutions.Strengthen China CDC, focusing on strengthening the functions of disease prevention and control, health emergency, scientific research, education and training, and global public health cooperation. Do a good job in the provincial CDC, focusing on strengthening the functions of provincial infectious disease epidemic and public health emergencies emergency response, laboratory inspection and testing, applied technology research, public health information overall management and big data analysis and utilization, and foreign cooperation and exchange. Border province CDC strengthens cross-border infectious disease prevention and control cooperation. Do a good job in the re-establishment of city and county CDC, steadily and orderly promote the integration with health supervision institutions at the same level, strengthen the functions of epidemic prevention and control and health administrative law enforcement, and ensure the full coverage of disease prevention and health supervision without dead ends. Optimize and improve the function setting of disease control institutions and standardize the public health technical services provided to the society. China CDC and provincial CDC put up the brand of Academy of Preventive Medicine to strengthen scientific research support and technical support. Promote the construction of national, regional and provincial public health centers and give play to the role of radiation support and demonstration.

(4) Strengthening the disease control function of medical institutions.Formulate and improve the list of public health responsibilities of various medical institutions at all levels, and incorporate the performance of disease control work into the hospital grade review. Continuously improve the ability and level of infectious disease diagnosis and treatment, monitoring, testing, training, scientific research and emergency response in infectious disease hospitals and general hospitals. Before the end of 2024, secondary and above medical institutions will fully implement the standardization requirements of public health or preventive health care departments, and conditional township hospitals and community health service centers will follow suit.

(5) Innovating the mechanism of coordination and integration of medical care and prevention.Comprehensively promote the in-depth cooperation between medical institutions and professional public health institutions, and establish mechanisms such as talent flow, cross-training, service integration and information sharing. Explore the establishment of a disease control supervisor system, set up full-time and part-time disease control supervisors in public hospitals, grassroots medical and health institutions and social hospitals, and accept the business management of local disease control departments. Explore the participation of disease control professionals in the work of medical complexes, establish a responsibility system for community disease control areas, and improve the grid-based disease control network.

(six) to lay a solid foundation for disease control.Improve the working mechanism of joint prevention and control, and implement territorial responsibility, departmental responsibility, unit responsibility and individual responsibility for disease control. Schools, nurseries and conditional old-age care institutions, children’s welfare institutions, minors’ rescue and protection institutions, mental health welfare institutions, etc. should set up health rooms (infirmary, health room, health observation room), equipped with full-time and part-time health technicians or health workers, and the supervision places should strengthen medical work according to the needs of work and do a good job in disease control. Encourage and support social forces to participate in disease control and cultivate volunteer teams.

Third, comprehensively improve the professional ability of disease control

(seven) to improve the ability of monitoring and early warning and inspection.Accelerate the establishment of a multi-triggered, fast-responding, authoritative and efficient monitoring and early warning system and mechanism led by the disease control department, which is inter-departmental, inter-regional and inter-military, focusing on multi-channel monitoring, risk assessment and prediction and early warning of infectious diseases. Optimize the network direct reporting of infectious diseases and public health emergencies, improve professional monitoring such as clinical monitoring, pathogen monitoring and vector monitoring, and improve and smooth the information channels such as medical institution reports, medical personnel direct reports, scientific research findings reports, inspection and testing institutions reports, people’s personal reports and public opinion monitoring, so as to realize health, disease control, education, civil affairs, ecological environment, agriculture and rural areas, customs, market supervision, meteorology, immigration, forestry and grass. Establish and improve the network of public health laboratories, including disease control institutions, medical institutions, institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutes, customs international travel health care centers and inspection and testing institutions. Accelerate the standardization of laboratories in disease control institutions.

(8) Improve the emergency response capability.Construct a classified, efficient and practical emergency plan system for infectious diseases. Enhance the long-distance and international support capacity of the sudden acute infectious disease prevention and control team of China CDC, and support all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) to form a national sudden acute infectious disease prevention and control team relying on disease control institutions; Support the establishment of rapid response teams in various cities, and establish a grassroots comprehensive emergency team in each county to effectively strengthen the on-site emergency response capability of infectious diseases. Strengthen the coordinated linkage of production, storage, transportation, rotation and disposal of prevention and control emergency materials, improve the reserve mechanism of prevention and control emergency materials combining physical reserve, agreed reserve and production capacity reserve, improve and dynamically adjust the catalogue of prevention and control emergency materials, and reasonably determine the reserve scale; We will do a good job in the construction of "flat and emergency dual-use" public infrastructure in megacities, and effectively improve emergency support capabilities.

(9) Improve the ability to treat infectious diseases.Coordinate the mobilization response, regional linkage and personnel mobilization of medical and health institutions in an emergency state, and establish and improve the mechanism for the treatment of major epidemics with grading, stratification and diversion. Efforts will be made to improve the level of disease prevention and treatment in primary health care institutions, promote family doctor contract services, and build a graded diagnosis and treatment pattern. Relying on high-level medical institutions, upgrade and build a national base for prevention, control and treatment of major infectious diseases. Vigorously improve the infrastructure conditions of infectious disease medical institutions and specialized disease prevention and control institutions. Improve the ability and level of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in medical institutions. Relying on powerful general hospitals and traditional Chinese medicine hospitals to establish infectious disease hospitals and specialties, and improve the layout of infectious disease medical service resources. Support the construction of a national base for the prevention and control of diseases in traditional Chinese medicine, and give play to the unique advantages of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and control of infectious diseases and its role of "preventing diseases before they occur".

(ten) to improve the ability of public health intervention.Continue to strengthen the prevention and control of key infectious diseases such as AIDS, tuberculosis and viral hepatitis. Consolidate the prevention and control achievements of key parasitic diseases and endemic diseases. Strengthen vaccination. Improve the comprehensive environmental health monitoring network system and risk early warning platform, and establish and improve the environmental health risk assessment system. Strengthen the monitoring and comprehensive intervention of common diseases and health risk factors of students such as myopia and obesity. Strengthen occupational health, radiation health, food safety risk monitoring, evaluation and standards, nutrition and health, injury monitoring, health risk factors monitoring of the elderly, early screening intervention and classified management of key chronic diseases.

(eleven) to enhance the ability of administrative law enforcement.Improve the national, provincial, municipal and county health administrative law enforcement system with clear powers and responsibilities, standardized procedures and strong implementation. Strengthen the national and provincial disease control departments’ responsibilities of overall coordination, supervision and guidance, and organize the investigation and handling of major cases according to law. City and county-level disease control departments are responsible for the administrative law enforcement of disease control. City and county health supervision institutions undertake the supervision and law enforcement tasks of public health, medical and health care in this area. Improve the health and health administrative law enforcement personnel certificates and qualification management system. Strengthen the allocation and standardization of health and health administrative law enforcement resources, formulate standards for health and health administrative law enforcement equipment, equip law enforcement vehicles, evidence collection tools and law enforcement equipment as required, and strengthen the guarantee of business premises required for performing their duties according to law.

(twelve) to enhance the ability of publicity and education.We will establish a working mechanism to promote disease control information release, news and public opinion guidance, scientific knowledge popularization and social propaganda and mobilization in a balanced way. Strengthen the guidance of public opinion monitoring and public opinion, and respond to social concerns in a timely manner. Widely popularize disease control policies and scientific knowledge, education departments should incorporate them into the national education system, organs, enterprises, institutions and social organizations should incorporate them into the training content of employees in their own units, grass-roots communities and medical and health institutions should strengthen popular science propaganda and health guidance for residents and patients, and all kinds of media at all levels should increase the publicity of health science.

Fourth, strengthen the construction of talent team

(13) Strengthen personnel training.Incorporate the disciplines related to public health and preventive medicine into the support scope of the "National Strategic Talents Reserve Enrollment Plan". Strengthen the cooperation between universities and disease control institutions, promote the construction of high-level public health colleges, hire professional and technical personnel of disease control institutions to teach part-time, and realize the co-construction and sharing of high-quality educational resources. Promote the standardized training of public health doctors. Implementation of high-level public health personnel training support plan, disease control institutions backbone personnel training project. Measures for the administration of public health doctors’ prescription rights were introduced. Establish a cross-training system for public health professionals and clinicians in medical institutions, and explore the two-way flow of personnel. Strengthen the training of knowledge and skills related to disease control for clinical medical personnel and clinical knowledge and skills training for public health personnel.

(14) Optimize staffing.According to the provisions of the approved CDC staffing and fully equipped. The public health departments of public medical institutions shall correspondingly verify a certain proportion of career establishment and guarantee it, and be equipped with qualified personnel. The proportion of public health personnel in township hospitals and community health service centers in the total number of professional and technical personnel is not less than 25%, and at least one public health doctor is equipped.

(fifteen) improve the talent use and evaluation system.Implement the system of chief experts in public health sub-fields, and set up chief expert positions in China CDC and provincial CDC sub-fields. Optimize the post structure, and appropriately increase the proportion of middle and senior professional and technical posts in disease control institutions at all levels according to the actual situation. Expand the autonomy of employing people in disease control institutions. Improve the talent evaluation and use mechanism that conforms to the characteristics of disease control work, and establish a career promotion and exchange system that conforms to the characteristics of health administrative law enforcement. Improve the evaluation criteria of professional titles, adhere to hierarchical classification evaluation, dilute the number of papers, focus on assessing the performance of disease control, and the disease control institutions at or below the county level do not make rigid regulations on papers and scientific research; For those who have long been rooted at the grassroots level and in hard and remote areas, the academic requirements may be appropriately relaxed. In the grass-roots disease control institutions to carry out the title of "directional evaluation, directional use", to develop evaluation criteria separately, to organize evaluation separately, and to determine the pass rate separately. The senior professional and technical posts of "directional evaluation and directional use" shall be controlled in total and the proportion shall be listed separately, which does not account for the proportion of local senior professional and technical posts. Carry out the evaluation of the titles of health engineering and inspection and testing technology series, and establish and improve the promotion channels of corresponding posts.

(sixteen) improve the personnel incentive mechanism.Improve the salary guarantee and incentive system that conforms to the characteristics of the talent team in the disease control system. According to the requirements of "two permits", scientifically and reasonably determine the performance salary level of disease control institutions. The indirect funds for vertical scientific research projects undertaken by national and provincial CDC and the horizontal project funds shall be managed and used in accordance with the relevant provisions of scientific research funds. The cash reward for the transformation of post scientific and technological achievements obtained by scientific researchers according to regulations is included in the total performance salary of the unit in that year, but it is not limited by the approved total amount and is not included in the total base. The income of staff in public health-related departments of medical institutions is not lower than the average wage level of staff in their medical institutions, and the corresponding subsidy system is explored. For township hospitals, community health service centers (stations) and other grassroots medical and health institutions, disease control professionals and general practitioners are given corresponding allowances and guarantees according to regulations. Commend and reward typical talents in accordance with relevant state regulations.

Five, increase the implementation of organizational security.

(seventeen) to strengthen organizational leadership.Strengthening party leadership and party building runs through all aspects and the whole process of disease control reform and development. Strengthen the main responsibility of local governments at all levels for the reform and development of disease control, incorporate the promotion of high-quality development of disease control into the local national economic and social development plan, incorporate the prevention of major public health risks into the government performance evaluation index system, urge relevant departments to perform their duties of disease prevention and protection according to law, and be seriously accountable for dereliction of duty and dereliction of duty. Strengthen the business leadership and work coordination between the higher-level disease control institutions and the lower-level disease control institutions, and organize the implementation of supervision, inspection and evaluation.

(eighteen) to promote the rule of law.We will implement the Basic Health Care and Health Promotion Law, the Vaccine Management Law, etc., and accelerate the formulation and revision of laws and regulations such as the Law on Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, the Law on Response to Public Health Emergencies, the Frontier Health and Quarantine Law, and the rules of relevant departments. Continuously improve the disease control standard system. Strengthen the publicity of public health-related laws and regulations, and enhance the awareness of the rule of law in the whole society.

(nineteen) to establish a stable investment mechanism.Governments at all levels should establish a stable investment mechanism for public health undertakings, support the reform and improvement of the disease control system in accordance with the principle of overall planning and graded responsibility, and focus on ensuring the development and construction expenditures required by disease control institutions at all levels for capital construction, equipment purchase, discipline construction, personnel training, etc., and the required personnel funds, public funds and business funds are included in the government budget arrangement according to the budget management regulations. Give relevant policy support to national and provincial CDC in scientific research investment and platform construction. Implement the financial investment policy for medical institutions to carry out public health services such as prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. We will improve the mechanism for the prevention and control of major epidemics and the guarantee of medical treatment expenses, and explore the establishment of an exemption system for medical expenses for special groups of major epidemics and specific diseases.

(twenty) to strengthen the information support.Further strengthen the information management of disease control, improve the disease control information standard system, network security and data security guarantee system. On the basis of the national disease control information system, improve the intelligent multi-point trigger monitoring and early warning and emergency command mechanism of infectious diseases. Promote data exchange between information systems of medical institutions and infectious disease monitoring systems, and establish and improve automatic data acquisition mechanisms such as infectious disease diagnosis and pathogen detection. Use big data, cloud computing and other technologies to improve data integration, risk identification, intelligent analysis and timely warning capabilities.

(twenty-one) to strengthen scientific research.With the Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine as the leader, the provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine and infectious disease medical institutions as the backbone, we will build a number of scientific and technological innovation support platforms and key laboratories to enhance the research and development, transformation and application capabilities of disease control technology. Support disease control institutions and medical institutions, universities, research institutes and enterprises to build a docking platform for Industry-University-Research and share scientific and technological platforms and resources. Support the Academy of Preventive Medicine to improve the innovation ability of public health science and technology, build a core base for infectious disease prevention and control research, and focus on strengthening scientific research on prevention and control strategies and measures, core technologies and key equipment for major diseases and health hazards.

(22) Strengthen international exchanges and cooperation.Strengthen communication and coordination with relevant international organizations and deepen cooperation with relevant countries (regions) in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Strengthen cross-border joint prevention and control of infectious diseases and information exchange. Strengthen the global public health personnel training and think tank construction, and actively carry out foreign aid in the field of public health. Deeply participate in global public health governance and promote the construction of human health community.

the General Office of the State Council　　　　　

December 25, 2023　　

(This article has been deleted)

In the martial arts rivers and lakes, it is inevitable that there will be tricks between the masters. The general masters compete for tricks, the first-class masters compete for internal strength, and the top masters fight for artistic conception. Only a few tricks can determine the outcome.

What do you rely on if you don’t win? This spell is the cognition between the masters. You have to know if you can cope with others’ tricks, so the battle between the top masters will soon end, and you can decide to win or lose at first hand.

In the 5G market,Glory released a new generation of God U Kirin 820 last night, which is Haisi’s second 5G SoC processor. The first glory 30S mobile phone equipped with Kirin 820 starts at 2399 yuan..

As soon as Kirin 820 took the shot, the outcome of the 2000 yuan 5G mobile phone market was already known.

Accurate positioning of Kirin 820: No rival 5G SoC processor can be found in 2020.

When it comes to Kirin 820, we have to mention its predecessor, Kirin 810 processor. At that time, it was one of the only four 7nm SoC processors in the world, and it had great advantages in CPU, GPU, AI, ISP, etc. In 2019, it was selected as the "Best Mobile Processor" award by the industry authoritative consulting company The Linely Group.

According to The Linely Group, compared with its competitors Snapdragon 730 and MediaTek P30 in the same period, Kirin 810 has won overall in CPU, GPU performance and AI computing power.

Kirin 820 is an upgraded version of Kirin 810, but its specifications are closer to the flagship Kirin 990 5G SoC processor. We can talk about a Unicorn Chan 990 5G, because many technologies are decentralized by the latter, including core technologies such as 5G baseband.

Kirin 820 integrates eight CPU cores, including a large core magic change A76 2.36GHz, three nuclear cores magic change A76 2.22GHz and four small cores A55 1.84GHz. The multi-core performance is improved by 27% compared with Kirin 810, and the performance is improved by 38% by integrating six-core Mali-G57 GPU, which supports GPU Turbo and Kirin Gaming+ 2.0 technologies.

At the same time, there is also a self-developed architecture NPU unit, a single large core, which improves performance by as much as 73%.ETH AI-benchmark runs as high as 60834, far ahead of friends and ranks third in the world..

Generally speaking, Kirin 820 5G processor is ahead of other products in six directions, such as CPU, GPU, AI, 5G search, 5G download and 5G uplink, including two 5G SoC processors of Youshang.

For Kirin 820, Zhao Ming, president of Glory, also said in an interview at the press conference.Kirin 820 really can’t find a suitable benchmark this year. We are a 5G Soc and a mid-to high-end chip, but other SoCs are worse than Kirin 820..

At this point, the card position of Kirin 820 5G processor is very accurate. Kirin 820 is superior to them in all aspects in the same level products, and the higher-end products of Friends are not 5G SoC. Kirin 820 with the same baseband integrated with Kirin 990 5G has obvious advantages in this respect, so Zhao Ming is confident that Kirin 820 is beyond the reach of other brands in 2020.

Where is the glory 30S mobile phone? The price of 2399 yuan is just one of them.

With the release of Kirin 820, Glory also officially launched the glory 30S mobile phone equipped with Kirin 820 for the first time, which is the first 5G mobile phone in the glory 30 series, which is of great significance to the glory 2020 5G layout.

The 8+128GB version of Glory 30S mobile phone only costs 2399 yuan, which brings the price of 5G mobile phone to the level of 2000-2500 yuan, said Zhao Ming, president of Glory.Glory 30S is a product that allows consumers in China to start popularizing a large number of 5G mobile phones. Glory 30S is a dessert product that set off a buying frenzy of 5G mobile phones, and we are full of confidence."

Compared with other manufacturers’ 5G mobile phones, where does the glory come from? This still has to go back to Kirin 820. From 2019 to now, a key reason for the soaring value of 5G mobile phones is that the 5G processor and supporting RF components have been greatly improved, and the cost has increased by several hundred pieces, while other manufacturers basically want to outsource 5G chips and RF components.

The Kirin 820 processor launched by Glory 30S was developed by Huawei hisilicon, and a large number of core technologies are self-controllable. This alone gives Glory 30S the capital to lower the threshold of 5G mobile phones, and at the same time, it has enough differentiation to avoid the sameness of other brands of 5G mobile phones.

Mastering the core technology is not only reflected in the hardware, but also supports 30 months without card. There are also self-developed core technologies behind this, such as the partition optimization of EROFS file system and the precise space cleaning of F2F2S, which are also the additional advantages brought by mastering the core technology.

In addition to the powerful 5G and performance given by Kirin 820 processor, Glory 30S upgraded its imaging system this time, and taking photos is also one of the core functions of HONOR. This 64-megapixel AI four-shot also made Glory 30S catch up with flagship machine in taking photos.

The main camera of Glory 30S is a 64-megapixel high-definition lens with an aperture of F/1.8 and an equivalent focal length of 26mm；; It is supplemented by 8 million ultra-wide-angle lens (F/2.4, equivalent focal length 17mm), 8 million 3x optical zoom lens (5 times hybrid zoom, 20 times digital zoom, F/2.4, equivalent focal length 80mm) and 2 million pixel macro lens (F/2.4, equivalent focal length 27mm), and the front is 16 million pixel beauty lens.

Optical zoom capability has become the focus of high-end mobile phones, but there are few true-light-changing mobile phones on 2000 yuan mobile phones, and glory 30S is the first mobile phone in the same class to support 3X optical zoom shooting, bringing you a more complete and comprehensive image experience.

At this point, with the release of Glory 30S, the 2000-yuan 5G mobile phones also have complete image capabilities such as large pixel HD, 3X-ray zoom, super night shooting, super wide angle and macro.

As Zhao Ming, president of Glory, said,In fact, the best comprehensive photo experience should be a consideration of pixel, outsole, photosensitivity, super photosensitivity, algorithm and integration.

High price doesn’t mean high-end glory. Zhao Ming: You can’t eat fat in one bite.

The Glory 30S, which starts at 2399 yuan, is not a high-end mobile phone in the usual sense, but its experience is really high-end, which is the biggest feeling given by Glory’s press conference last night, and it is also the part emphasized by Zhao Ming, president of Glory.

The glory 30S mobile phone launched the Kirin 820 5G processor. Zhao Ming said that Kirin 820 is a product that can be popularized by the whole people and supports the popularization of 5G.

It is not only to popularize 5G, but also to ensure the benchmarking experience. It is necessary to have comprehensive 5G capabilities and to benchmark the same mobile phone. Kirin 820 and Glory 3S have successfully played such a role this time, bringing a comprehensive 5G experience at the price of 2K file.

High price does not mean high end, which is the attitude expressed by Zhao Ming, president of Glory — — Many times choose a business model, you can’t eat fat in one bite, you have to eat it bit by bit. He believes that consumers’ awareness of brands is a process of gradual improvement. Many brands that forcibly raise themselves, the cost or price of your products is not equal to high-end brands and high-end products.

Zhao Ming said that in order to build a high-end brand company, we should go back to the original point, make innovation and investment on the basis of technology in a down-to-earth manner, and then consolidate the connection and ties with consumers to enhance the value you bring to consumers. This value actually includes the product experience, your company’s corporate culture and your investment in innovation. You bring unique things to everyone, which belongs to your own label.

Glory rushed to the second place in China in February, and it was a comprehensive test in 2020.

At the moment when Glory 30S was released, the domestic Covid-19 epidemic had just passed its peak. In February, the mobile phone market was in a state of sorrow. Many market research institutions predicted that the domestic mobile phone market would fall in an avalanche in February, and mobile phone manufacturers were facing a severe test.

Under such circumstances, HONOR, despite severe challenges, still fluttered against the wind at the most dangerous moment in February, becoming the top two brands in the domestic mobile phone market.

Zhao Ming said that since March, Glory has also been rapidly recovering, and it has become the fastest-recovering brand. Compared with the same period in 2019, it has achieved rapid growth, and it is far more than double-digit growth rate.

Undoubtedly, this epidemic crisis will have a negative impact on the sales of mobile phone manufacturers, but it may be an opportunity for 5G mobile phones. Because of the needs of telecommuting and distance learning, people’s work and lifestyle have changed, and the demand for high-speed 5G networks has increased rapidly.

Zhao Ming, president of Glory, also expressed a similar view. He believed that the epidemic would accelerate the deployment of the entire 5G network and the replacement of 5G mobile phones. This trend makes the whole society’s demands for the network and the better speed and performance experience of mobile phones come out.

In a word, after experiencing the crisis faced by the whole industry in February, HONOR is taking the lead in recovery. The Kirin 820 processor launched by Glory 30S mobile phone is an important layout of Glory 5G, followed by Glory 30, Glory 30 Pro and two Play series products in April, and glory will enter the ultra-high-speed development stage in the future.

Li Mingtao, chief e-commerce expert of China International E-commerce Center.

This year’s government work report proposes to "promote the development of digital economy and strengthen the overall layout of the construction of digital China" in the part of "deeply implementing the innovation-driven development strategy" of the government work task in 2022. Build a digital information infrastructure, promote the large-scale application of 5G, promote the digital transformation of industries, and develop smart cities and digital villages. Accelerate the development of industrial internet, cultivate and expand digital industries such as integrated circuits and artificial intelligence, and enhance the technological innovation and supply capacity of key software and hardware. Improve digital economic governance, release the potential of data elements, better empower economic development and enrich people’s lives. " Accelerate the development of China’s digital economy from infrastructure construction, digital industry breakthrough, promoting digital transformation to digital economic governance. In the process of promoting the development of digital economy, we should always adhere to market orientation, avoid invalid investment, and create a sustainable driving force for the development of digital economy.

In recent years, the rapid development of e-commerce in China has become "an important part of digital economy and real economy, an important engine to promote digital industrialization, promote industrial digitalization and promote governance digitalization, an important way to improve people’s quality of life, and an important force to promote national economic and social development". According to the latest data from the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2021, the national online retail sales reached 1,308.84 billion yuan, an increase of 14.1% over the previous year. Among them, the online retail sales of physical goods reached 10,804.2 billion yuan, an increase of 12.0%, accounting for 24.5% of the total retail sales of social consumer goods. At the same time, with the gradual decrease of the bonus of the increase in the number of netizens and the continuous improvement of the penetration rate of e-commerce, the development speed of e-commerce has also slowed down year by year. In the process of the development from consumer Internet to industrial Internet, the future development direction and growth space of e-commerce will inevitably focus on how to give full play to the advantages of e-commerce in accurately connecting consumer demand, promote the digitalization of traditional business activities, and serve the digital transformation, product innovation and brand building of the supply side. This is not only the inevitable trend of e-commerce itself, but also the first driving force for the digital transformation of traditional industries.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attaches great importance to the development of China’s digital economy, and points out in the article "Constantly strengthening and improving China’s digital economy" that "the important task of building a new development pattern is to enhance the kinetic energy of economic development and smooth the economic cycle. Digital technology and digital economy can promote the rapid flow of various resource elements, accelerate the integration of various market players, help market players reconstruct organizational models, achieve cross-border development, break time and space restrictions, extend industrial chains, and smooth economic cycles at home and abroad. " We see that e-commerce has played an important role in smoothing the economic cycle at home and abroad. E-commerce has formed a unified online market, broken the time and space restrictions, promoted the rapid circulation of goods, information and capital by relying on active online consumption, established a fast direct channel between production and consumption by relying on platform ecology and data elements, and promoted the DTC of production and sales through C2M customization, which fully reflected the high efficiency advantages of informationization and digitalization, and greatly accelerated the social production cycle process of production, circulation and consumption. In recent years, a large number of "new domestic products" brands have emerged at an accelerated pace, which has become a typical representative of the transformation and upgrading of China’s manufacturing industry. These "new domestic products" brands have made full use of the advantages of e-commerce infrastructure to achieve omni-channel access to consumers, full-scene service to consumers and accurate customer orientation. At the upstream production end, they fully rely on domestic mature supply chain resources to carry out C2M customized production and rely on digital collaboration to achieve rapid product iteration. I should say,The digitalization of these enterprises is market-driven, customer-driven and demand-driven. Digitalization has become the gene of enterprises, showing great development vitality and strong competitive advantage. On the other hand, the role of cross-border e-commerce can not be ignored in smoothing the international and domestic double cycle. Cross-border e-commerce is driven by the escalating huge domestic consumer demand, and organizes global high-quality goods to enter the domestic market through the import supply chain, continuously releasing China’s economic growth dividend and driving global economic development; At the same time, the second curve of China’s foreign trade export growth will be created through cross-border e-commerce export. Relying on the advantages of being close to the market and demand, we can better organize the supply chain resources of domestic industrial chain, establish the China channel of online market, support the brand building of China and serve the global development of China’s manufacturing industry. Whether it is domestic e-commerce or cross-border e-commerce, it builds a new digital channel between domestic demand, manufacturing and service supply, and international demand. It constantly relies on its own digital advantages to strengthen its own industrial chain, promote the rapid flow and accurate matching of production factors, promote the digital transformation of business activities and scene innovation, and play a strong supporting and driving role in the development of digital economy.

For a long time, China has attached great importance to the construction of information infrastructure and vigorously promoted the application of information technology. The role of information technology in improving efficiency, improving management and optimizing configuration has become increasingly apparent. At the same time, however, the degree of integration between the real economy and digital technology is still far from enough, and the real economy urgently needs to transform from the initial digital application to the deep digital transformation. In this process, it is very important to identify the driving force for the deep digital transformation of the real economy. E-commerce has always been one of the industries with the highest degree of digitalization. It can play a leading role as a typical digital industry in the development of digital economy, and help the development of digital economy in all aspects, such as promoting the construction of digital infrastructure, helping smart cities and digital villages, serving the digital transformation of traditional industries, and exploring the data factor market.

First, it can continue to drive the construction of social digital infrastructure with the development needs of e-commerce industry. The rapid development of e-commerce has provided a strong demand traction for the construction of digital infrastructure in the whole society. For example, a large number of applications of rural e-commerce, especially live delivery of agricultural products, have driven the rapid popularization of high-speed broadband networks and 4G networks in rural areas, e-commerce platform enterprises have built or rented a large number of data centers, e-commerce warehousing has adopted a large number of Internet of Things applications, and e-commerce traceability has effectively driven the application of blockchain. In the future, the more diversified service mode of e-commerce and the need to enhance the online and offline integration of consumer service experience will definitely demand more abundant application scenarios for modern technologies such as 5G and broadband infrastructure, data centers, cloud computing, big data and virtual reality, and blockchain from the two levels of application breadth and depth.

Second, we can vigorously develop producer service e-commerce and promote the digital transformation of manufacturing industry. In promoting the digital transformation of manufacturing industry, e-commerce platform enterprises have accelerated their layout. Alibaba launched the "rhinoceros intelligent manufacturing" platform, which has achieved the rapid reverse production capacity of 100 pieces in the field of customized clothing production. SHEIN brand, which also focuses on the clothing export field, relies on its own front-end APP customer stickiness and intelligent product selection ability to build a production service platform for the clothing industry belt with Guangdong as the core, driving thousands of suppliers to develop small-scale customized production for the global market, with annual sales exceeding 100 billion, and has become the world’s leading fast fashion clothing brand. Vigorously developing producer service e-commerce can give full play to the advantages of the Internet, effectively organize scattered production and service resources in the industry, realize networked collaboration, promote industrial efficiency and resource reuse, break enterprise boundaries, expand industry services, and then drive digital management and intelligent production within manufacturing enterprises to meet new demands such as personalized customization.

Third, it can promote the development of industrial Internet with the application of industrial e-commerce. In essence, the application of industrial Internet should give full play to the advantages of large-scale and deep-level resource collaboration of the Internet, break the boundary between enterprise resources and assets, and realize the flexibility and intelligence of supply chain and industrial chain for the rapid change of market and product iteration. It can be said that the service and support of industrial Internet are still B2B-based e-commerce applications. Large-scale manufacturing enterprises actively develop industrial e-commerce service platforms, and intelligent manufacturing platforms such as Haier kaos Platform and Sany Heavy Industry’s Roots Interconnection Platform are committed to building industrial Internet integration platforms and empowering the industrial chain; At the same time, the vertical service e-commerce platforms of steel and silver e-commerce, Ouye Yunshang and other industries are also actively developing the supply chain digital intelligent empowerment service. The deep integration of industry e-commerce and industrial Internet will inevitably become the future development trend.

Fourth, the new e-commerce model can drive the digital transformation of the service industry. Mode innovation, scene innovation and format innovation have always been the important direction of innovation and development in the field of e-commerce. During the epidemic period, live e-commerce, content e-commerce, and community group buying grew explosively, and offline new retail also showed great development potential. These new models showed the great vitality and broad development space of China’s e-commerce industry and have become an important field for China to lead the global e-commerce application. In the direction of innovation, the deep integration with offline physical space and physical service resources has become the main trend. For example, shop broadcasting, factory broadcasting and village broadcasting in live broadcast have become the mainstream, and community group buying and offline convenience stores have been widely combined. The proportion of e-commerce applications of corresponding traditional service enterprises has also continued to increase, and a large number of traditional service enterprises have been effectively promoted to achieve smooth digital transformation through the increment of new e-commerce models.

Fifth, continue to vigorously develop rural e-commerce to promote rural revitalization. Rural e-commerce is guided by meeting the online consumption of rural people, focusing on the upward sales of characteristic products in rural areas and the development of rural cultural tourism resources, which has played an irreplaceable role in promoting rural consumption, helping farmers increase their income and promoting industrial integration in rural areas. Continue to vigorously develop rural e-commerce, improve the e-commerce infrastructure conditions in rural areas, and create a new impetus for the sustainable development of rural e-commerce, which will also become a powerful starting point for promoting the construction of digital infrastructure in rural areas, developing rural digital economy, and helping rural revitalization.

Sixth, we can explore the open development of the digital factor market through e-commerce big data. E-commerce big data is now one of the most mature big data application fields. Major e-commerce platform enterprises have accumulated a large amount of e-commerce transaction data, and they are also actively exploring the open application of e-commerce big data. For example, Alibaba’s new business operating system and JD.COM’s open supply chain services are all based on its massive big data support, and it has become an important trend for e-commerce platform enterprises to open up and develop. Therefore, through policy guidance and support, we can continue to encourage the opening of e-commerce big data, support the development of third-party data service industry based on e-commerce big data, further form a good e-commerce big data service ecosystem, and give play to the demonstration and linkage effect of industry data opening.

The author is Li Mingtao, chief e-commerce expert of China International E-commerce Center.

On August 18th, 2024 China (Guangzhou) Cross-border E-commerce Fair (hereinafter referred to as "Cross-border Fair") came to an end. Near the closure, Liu Gang, the founder of the cross-border spot alliance of Zhongshan Lighting Factory, finally breathed a sigh of relief from his busyness. Looking back on the three days of participation, Liu Gang said: "The negotiation area is packed, and more than a dozen buyers have reached cooperation intentions."

In the live broadcast room, Jack (a pseudonym), an anchor from Britain, gushed about the sweeping robot made in China. "The audience is enthusiastic! I like to recommend good quality products to friends all over the world through live broadcast. "

For the participating suppliers, this is a "feast": Ms. Wang, who has been engaged in foreign trade business for many years, took the first step of "getting an electric shock" and initially finalized the cooperation platform and service providers in all aspects; Zhongshan Lighting, Foshan Home Furnishing and other industrial belts participated in the exhibition, and jointly expanded overseas markets through cross-border e-commerce.

For exhibitors and service providers, this is a stage for "showing" new ideas: Amazon opens stores around the world with one-stop high-quality sea-going solutions; Ali International’s AI foreign trade product upgrade has greatly lowered the threshold for users; SHEIN (Xiyin) launched the "semi-hosting" mode, which has attracted the attention of many sea sellers.

According to the organizer’s statistics, the cumulative number of visitors during this cross-trade fair exceeded 56,000, an increase of 31,000 compared with 2023, with an increase of 123%. It has become a national cross-border e-commerce exhibition with the largest number of participating platforms, the most concentrated head platform and the most complete industrial chain among similar exhibitions in China.

From going it alone to "holding a group" to going out to sea, from barbaric growth to compliance management, from traditional European and American markets to emerging markets … Through the fiery observation of industry trends across trade fairs, cross-border e-commerce has stood at a critical juncture after ten years of standardized development, and is heading for higher quality development.

"Holding a group" goes out to sea to become the mainstream

Cross-border e-commerce empowers industrial belt development

Retro-style fan lamps, simple wall lamps and dazzling chandeliers … Walking into the booth of Zhongshan Lighting Factory’s cross-border spot alliance of nearly 200 square meters, all kinds of exquisite lighting products are dizzying.

Zhongshan’s "Lamp Capital Manufacturing" is famous all over the world. In recent years, the traditional main markets for lighting export, such as Europe and the United States, are affected by high inflation and destocking cycle, and traditional trade factories are facing transformation pressure. Liu Gang observed that the lighting products exported to Europe and the United States are bulky, the price of single products is relatively high, and the product styles are rich. If enterprises use containers to go to sea in the traditional way, the logistics and overseas storage costs are high, and it is difficult for a company’s products to meet all the needs of consumers.

"Spot-this is the key word most consulted by customers at cross-trade fairs." Liu Gang observed that cross-border e-commerce has reshaped the consumption habits of consumers around the world, and the process of traditional foreign trade from distributor procurement to overseas listing has been several months, which has been unable to meet the market demand.

The cross-border spot alliance of Zhongshan Lighting Factory initiated by Liu Gang solved these pain points through "holding the group". Taking the American market as an example, the different products of the alliance member enterprises are "assembled" to the local warehouse, and then the distributor provides the spot service.

This supply chain front-end approach also brings benefits to manufacturers. Manufacturers will ship a small number of new products abroad to "test the water". Once the sales volume is good and qualified for explosion, they will increase production, effectively reducing risks and improving profits, and opening up new development space for Zhongshan lighting industry.

The reporter observed that it is becoming an important trend for cross-border e-commerce to deal with overseas market risks by combining the characteristics of regional industrial belts.

Guangdong is rich in industrial belt resources. Cross-border e-commerce, as a concrete manifestation of new quality productivity in the trade field, has effectively promoted the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry, constantly empowered industrial development, and "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belt" has been strongly combined to form a good "chemical reaction".

During this cross-trade fair, the Guangdong Provincial Department of Commerce released seven exemplary and representative "cross-border e-commerce empowerment industry development and innovation cases", including: SHEIN’s "Hope Gravitation" million sellers and the national 500-city industrial belt going out to sea plan, Hongteng Group’s Xiaoyan cloud platform empowering toy industry to go out to sea, Doraemon’s cross-border e-commerce empowering digital Silk Road and so on.

Zhao Xin speed skater, a partner of Guangzhou Doraemon Technology Co., Ltd., paid special attention to the opportunities of going to sea in the industrial belts such as clothing, toys and household appliances. "We are deeply involved in the Middle East market. Through the analysis of sales big data and the in-depth understanding of social culture by the local R&D team, we have successfully transformed Guangdong’s inexpensive products into" explosive products "in the Middle East market. In the first half of this year, 153 products have been transformed, with sales approaching 400 million yuan. "

Take the French fries machine as an example. In the past, the products exported by manufacturers to Europe and the United States could only fry 3-4 people, but the families in the Middle East countries were large, so Doraemon’s joint suppliers carried out all-round transformation of the products. "Now this product has exploded in the Middle East and can sell one or two thousand units a week." Zhao Xin speed skater said.

Guangzhou Baomi Technology Co., Ltd. focuses on the export of large pieces of furniture, putting products in overseas warehouses, and delivering them to consumers after the platform receives orders. Tang Weiwei, the company’s chief financial officer, introduced that through digital empowerment, the company formulated production and management standards for export products, reduced the risk of returning large furniture, and realized the "small order and quick response" model in the furniture field.

"At this year’s cross-trade fair, government organizations from other provinces brought more industrial belts. Local governments pay more and more attention to the development of industrial belts and vigorously support local cross-border e-commerce, forming a virtuous circle and promoting industrial upgrading. " Chen Danfeng, chairman and general manager of Fujian Huiyuan Culture Development Group Co., Ltd. said.

Taking Xinjiang exhibition area as an example, Urumqi, Horgos and Alashankou cross-border e-commerce comprehensive test areas were collectively unveiled, and 23 key cross-border e-commerce enterprises displayed various Xinjiang specialty products. Chinese-funded foreign exchange earning (Xinjiang) Digital Technology Co., Ltd. has received cooperation intentions from many enterprises. "We are committed to helping domestic enterprises enter the Central Asian market, and China manufacturing is extremely competitive in the local area." Yang Zeliang, general manager of the company, said.

The reporter learned that the Xinjiang delegation participating in the exhibition has docked more than 1,000 partners and reached an intentional cooperation agreement with an amount of more than 8 million yuan.

Big platform brings forth new ideas.

New mode and excellent service drive industry upgrading.

"How to cross the language barrier in cross-border goods selling", "Can AI help us to get new products quickly", "We are not in the clothing industry, can we also adopt the mode of" small orders and quick reaction "…… At this cross-border trade fair, the booths on the head platforms of various cross-border e-commerce companies are very popular, and the sellers who come to consult are in an endless stream.

This year’s cross-fair head platform is gathered together, which is the exhibition with the largest number of participating platforms, the most concentrated head platforms and the largest participation investment among similar exhibitions in China. Nearly 40 cross-border e-commerce platforms, such as Amazon Global Store, TikTok Tiktok, Wal-Mart and eBay, participated in the exhibition.

Entering the booth of Ali International, new applications such as AI business assistant and AI customer service attracted the attention of many sellers.

"Since the beginning of this year, we have observed that global trade is entering a new round of growth, and the online trend brought about by technology is more significant." Qiu Zongbing, general manager of Nanyue Region of Ali International Station, told the reporter that the application of AI in foreign trade has increased rapidly. There are 30,000 small and medium-sized enterprises around the world ordering to use AI tools of Ali International Station for foreign trade, and the overseas exposure of products optimized by AI has increased by 37%.

Qiu Zongbing introduced that since last year, Ali International Station has taken the lead in launching a series of AI foreign trade products, simplifying the complicated workflow of foreign trade, and using intelligent methods to allow merchants to quickly release goods, generate product descriptions and maps, and even conduct AI business negotiation reception.

"Our salesman and AI have PK, and the last link of the salesman takes about 20 minutes, and AI only takes two minutes." Lv Hongwei, co-founder of Hebei Hangfa Technology Co., Ltd., said that the tedious and repetitive work of distributing products is basically handed over to AI business assistants.

At this year’s cross-trade fair, Amazon opened a shop around the world with a one-stop high-quality sea-going solution, and through the overall solution of Amazon supply chain, it helped sellers to directly deliver goods from manufacturers to customers all over the world in one stop.

SHEIN’s unique dual mode of "independent brand+platform" has attracted the attention of high-quality supply chain enterprises and brand merchants.

"We have a perfect supplier management and training system to provide all-round support for suppliers and achieve win-win cooperation." At this cross-trade fair, the investment promotion personnel introduced the supplier training mechanism of SHEIN’s own brand, which enabled suppliers to grow and enhance their competitiveness in all directions.

Specifically, for the probation supplier, the teaching specialist of SHEIN’s own brand will teach one by one, and carry out professional guidance with "pit-avoiding cheats" to let new suppliers get started quickly; For the growing suppliers, we should cultivate them from the perspectives of supply chain integration, system support, operation and management, and gather the top resources sharing support in the industry to help them grow rapidly; For core suppliers, project-based training, resource focus and business empowerment will be carried out to promote them to become the benchmark of industry suppliers.

"The head platform of cross-border e-commerce is constantly innovating in technology and mode, which makes the threshold and cost of cross-border business lower and lower, and also makes more good products made in China go global. The technical threshold has been lowered, but the full competition in the industry also poses a higher challenge to the seller’s business thinking, product selection strategy and operational ability. " Chen Danfeng said.

Grab the beach in emerging markets

Expand the blue ocean by combining industrial advantages

In recent years, overseas emerging e-commerce platforms have emerged and grown rapidly. Shopee, Lazada, Mercado Libre and other platforms have developed strongly in Southeast Asia, Latin America and other markets, and they have also emerged at this cross-trade fair.

Entering the emerging platform exhibition area established for the first time in the cross-trade fair, 25 emerging platforms, including Jumia in Africa, Joom in Russia and Meikeduo in Latin America, have been unveiled, and sellers have more choices to go to the emerging market "Tuolanhai".

Coupang Kupeng is a cross-border e-commerce platform focusing on the Korean market. "In the past two years, the number of China enterprises stationed on our platform has increased significantly." The person in charge of the platform said that China products have a wide demand in the Korean market in recent years, especially consumer goods represented by 3C electronics, which are deeply loved by local young consumers. They hope to provide more support for China enterprises to go to South Korea.

Last year, eMAG, the largest e-commerce platform in Southeast Europe, officially entered China for investment. "At present, the number of China enterprises stationed on our platform has increased significantly. It can be seen that the Southeast European market is still an oasis for China sellers, which is also the biggest feeling of our participation in the cross-trade fair." Yang Jian, the person in charge of on-site investment promotion of the platform, said.

The rise of many emerging platforms has benefited from the huge potential and strong development momentum of emerging markets. The White Paper on the Development Trend of Cross-border Export E-commerce in China in 2024 released by Amazon Global Store shows that the compound annual growth rate of retail e-commerce in Latin America reached 29% from 2019 to 2023, showing a strong growth momentum, and Central and Eastern Europe also showed a vigorous development trend, with a growth rate of 28.3%. In addition, the Middle East and Africa also achieved 27.1% growth, and emerging markets are becoming a new world of cross-border e-commerce.

On the other hand, the development of cross-border e-commerce in emerging markets has also brought fire to video delivery, live delivery, low-cost group purchase and other formats.

"With the popularity of short video platforms such as TikTok in Tik Tok, more and more businesses are paying attention to and investing in overseas short video platforms. Especially in emerging markets such as Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Russia, there is still a lot of market space to be explored. " Justin, founder of Cyberlack platform focusing on cross-border e-commerce marketing services, said.

The RCEP Country Guide for Cross-border E-commerce (Going to Sea) compiled by Guangdong Network Business Association puts forward that products such as clothing, 3C, beauty cosmetics and daily chemicals have become the mainstream in RCEP member countries, which is highly coincident with Guangdong’s advantageous industries.

Taking advantage of the development of cross-border e-commerce, Guangdong enterprises have increased their layout of emerging markets. Ruida Electronics from Dongguan is a traditional foreign trade enterprise with a history of more than 30 years, and its orders mainly come from Europe and America. "In recent years, traditional channels have been affected by multiple factors and the competition has become more intense." The business manager of the company said, "Through cross-border e-commerce, we have opened up customers from new markets such as Southeast Asia, the Middle East and India, and in recent years, we have maintained sales growth of more than 15% every year."

Nanfang Daily reporter Tang Zikai Tang Yabing Yang Tianzhi Huang Shuming zhangyan

　　Check the duplication of dissertations: I bought the "weight reduction service" and copied the thesis correctly.

　　"Guard against gentlemen and not against villains" leads to "those who abide by the norms dare not cite them reasonably, while those who ignore the norms copy them in other ways"

　　As the graduation season approaches, many college graduates begin to worry about the repetition rate of dissertations.

　　After the first duplicate check, Tanyuan, a fresh graduate of a southwest university, found that the repetition rate of his graduation thesis was much higher than the school standard. Then, he reduced the weight of the paper according to the method in the weight reduction experience post. When he encountered a technical term that could not be relayed, he deleted that sentence directly. After two weight reductions, Tanyuan successfully reduced the repetition rate of his graduation thesis to 10%, and successfully passed the examination of the school.

　　According to the reporter’s investigation, it has become a common phenomenon for graduates to use various techniques to reduce the weight of papers according to the label in the duplicate check report, "delete when they see red, and change when they see yellow". What’s more, they will directly purchase the weight reduction service in order to make the repetition rate of the paper reach the standard.

　　Check the weight, the price rises.

　　In early March, Wang Benben, a fresh master’s graduate from a university in Southwest China, received a notice from the school requesting to upload his dissertation for preliminary examination. In order to ensure the smooth passage, she and another classmate combined their papers into one, and then bought a duplicate checking service online.

　　Wang Benben introduced that in order not to be discovered by the system, they adjusted the structure of the paper and removed all the titles that could be removed. "We spent a total of 180 yuan, 90 yuan each." She added, "It’s too expensive to check the weight. It’s done to save money."

　　The reporter learned that although the university where Wang Benben is located does not explicitly require students to check their own duplicates before submitting their papers, they must ensure that the repetition rate is less than 20%. To be on the safe side, most students will check themselves first, and then reduce the weight according to the check report, and then submit it to the school for review.

　　Although the price of degree thesis checking has risen sharply, graduates often dare to be angry and dare not speak.

　　Gion told the reporter that he had purchased duplicate checking service for undergraduate dissertations twice in the school’s print shop, with a price of 198 yuan each time. When I went to print documents recently, I found that the duplicate checking service had increased to 228 yuan each time.

　　On April 27th, the reporter searched on the e-commerce platform and found that the price of duplicate checking service for master’s dissertations was generally around 500 yuan, and the most expensive one was 1,800 yuan. According to the customer service of one of the education franchise stores, the duplicate checking service of 1,800 yuan can provide four reports and support the verification and elimination of published documents.

　　The reporter looked through the examination method of academic norms for dissertations in a university of political science and law and found that students whose repetition rate of dissertations exceeds 10% will be postponed or disqualified from applying for a degree.

　　Respondents admitted that the number of duplicate checking provided by the school was very small, and they were worried that the excessive repetition rate would affect the submission of papers, which was the main reason for them to rush to buy duplicate checking services.

　　At present, although domestic universities will focus on duplicate checking of dissertations, the results are often decisive. According to the customer service of HowNet, the academic misconduct detection system is a serious management tool, which only provides services to institutions and is not open to individuals. To this end, students who need to check the duplicate of papers can only purchase duplicate checking services through other channels.

　　According to the statistics of reporters, the monthly sales volume of duplicate checking services basically exceeds 2000 times, and some even reach tens of thousands of times. Based on this calculation, the monthly turnover of some businesses operating duplicate checking services on e-commerce platforms can reach several million yuan.

　　Secretly buy paid weight reduction service

　　In fact, businesses that operate weight checking services on e-commerce platforms secretly provide paid weight reduction services.

　　In order not to be discovered by the platform, these merchants did not put it in the window, but drained it to their personal accounts before trading.

　　When the reporter asked about the price of paid weight reduction service as a fresh graduate, many practitioners said that they would charge according to the students’ requirements on the delivery time and repetition rate and the number of repeated words in the original paper.

　　A practitioner said that it costs 1,800 yuan to reduce the weight of a paper with a total number of 50,839 words and a repetition rate of 17.9% to less than 10%. "This price package will be checked after weight reduction, and if it is not included, 400 yuan can be given a discount."

　　"We were changed by teachers, not machines." A contact person of an educational franchise store providing this service introduced. However, when the reporter asked whether the college teacher was responsible for weight reduction, the contact person said, "Don’t worry about the quality of weight reduction, and don’t ask much about others."

　　In addition to purchasing weight reduction services, some graduates will also take some skills to reduce their own weight.

　　Many interviewees reported that after they bought the duplicate checking service online, the merchants would not only provide the duplicate checking report, but also give them a "guide to weight reduction" to explain the duplicate checking rules and skills.

　　Looking through a "guide to weight reduction" provided by the interviewee, the reporter found that these weight reduction techniques mainly include synonymous substitution of keywords, sentence transformation, paragraph segmentation, semantic reporting, deletion of repeated parts and English-Chinese translation.

　　Because the duplicate checking system can’t recognize pictures, in 2020, when a university in Southwest China held the defense of graduate thesis, the teachers who participated in the defense found that a classmate inserted text screenshots into the thesis in order to reduce the repetition rate. Finally, the student was convicted of cheating and postponed his defense.

　　Respondents such as Li Jia, a graduate student in a university in Beijing, believe that the frequent phenomenon of manuscript washing of dissertations has something to do with some universities’ emphasis on low repetition rate, which determines whether students can graduate smoothly. "In order to meet the standards of the school, the paper may be changed beyond recognition." Li Jia said.

　　Liu, dean of a college in a southwest university, said that in the university where he works, students with excessive repetition rate in previous years have another chance to correct before leaving school. Starting from this year, graduation will be delayed depending on the situation, and may even be impossible.

　　"We must resolutely resist this kind of behavior of reducing weight through technical means or skills, and schools should let students realize the mistake of this practice." Zeng Yi, a doctoral supervisor at a university in Beijing, said.

　　Some interviewees also pointed out that buying papers online for duplicate checking may bring risks in intellectual property rights. "Some graduate students are at the forefront of research, and some are even classified. It is very risky to buy duplicate checking services online." Feng Xu, a doctoral student in a university in Beijing.

　　Paper review can’t focus on weight first.

　　In fact, since the duplicate checking system of dissertations was implemented in domestic universities, there has been a debate about it.

　　Some scholars believe that the implementation of duplicate checking system for dissertations and low repetition rate in colleges and universities are sticking to the bottom line of preventing academic misconduct.

　　"If you can’t even keep the bottom line of not copying, then students simply don’t write their graduation thesis." Zhuang Quan, an associate professor at a university in southwest China, said that the root of students’ fear of duplicate checking is that universities have not cultivated students’ scientific research ability and academic ethics, and students have not written their papers carefully.

　　However, some scholars have pointed out that it is actually a lazy political behavior for colleges and universities to rely too much on technical means when evaluating dissertations.

　　According to many interviewed scholars, at present, the repetition rate has almost become the only standard in the initial stage of dissertation.

　　According to the staff of the Graduate Quality Supervision Office of a graduate school in a university in Beijing, there are several master and doctoral graduates in this school every year, and their graduation is postponed due to the excessive repetition rate of papers.

　　In the view of scholars such as Zeng Yi, the mechanism of relying on repetition rate to decide whether a dissertation can be submitted for trial or participated in defense needs to be improved.

　　"Innovative topic selection and its value to scientific and social development are the most important criteria for evaluating the quality of papers, and repetition rate is only one of the auditing criteria." Zeng Yi said.

　　Both sides of the debate believe that duplicate checking plays a certain role in preventing academic misconduct, but it can’t improve the quality of papers. "Some papers with poor quality or plagiarism can reach the standard after weight reduction." Ceng Lin, a doctoral student at a university in East China, said.

　　Lu Wei, a scholar, once wrote that duplicate checking is more like a system of "guarding against gentlemen but not villains", which leads to the phenomenon that "those who abide by the norms dare not cite them, and those who ignore them copy them correctly", and even leads to "inferior talents drive out excellent talents".

　　Li Yuxiao, a doctoral student in a university in Southwest China, also believes that duplicate checking can’t curb plagiarism, and "people who want to copy will copy by other methods".

　　Respondents such as Li Yuxiao believe that colleges and universities pay too much attention to repetition rate when evaluating dissertations, which may lead students to follow the repetition rate when writing dissertations, and be forced to reduce quotations or wash manuscripts, and change the classic and repeated famous sayings beyond recognition.

　　"In order to avoid repetition, it is not conducive to cultivating academic ability to throw away sentences and theories carefully crafted by academic predecessors, or to change them beyond recognition." Guo Xiaoan, doctoral supervisor of Chongqing University, said that deliberately changing the classic sentences of academic predecessors is actually a new kind of academic misconduct. "But this can’t be discovered by technical means, only by artificial means."

　　Zeng Yi and other scholars stressed that the general direction of opposing academic misconduct is right, and the duplicate checking system cannot be completely abandoned and abolished. However, in practice, we must respect the laws of science, and standardize academic behavior depends on "human factors" after all. They worry that colleges and universities rely too much on technical means when evaluating dissertations, which may violate the original academic intention and even lead to technological alienation.

　　Respondents suggested that the evaluation of dissertations should be changed from "technology-oriented, assisted by people" to "people-oriented, assisted by technology", and the duplicate checking rate can only be used as a reference data. At the same time, it is necessary to establish a corresponding evaluation system and operation manual for dissertations, and strengthen academic moral education to help students establish the awareness of academic integrity.

　　The scholars interviewed pointed out that the internationally accepted academic evaluation method is peer evaluation, and the duplicate checking rate should not and cannot be the only standard. (Upon request, some interviewees are pseudonyms) (Reporter Zheng Minghong, Shi Qiangui)

　　Not only the blind, but nearly 600 million people in China have obstacles in obtaining information.

　　Li Hongli, born in 1990, is a visually and hearing impaired person. He overcame all kinds of difficulties through self-study and became one of the earliest full-time information barrier-free engineers in China. The picture is provided by the interviewee

　　Many public welfare activities for the visually impaired will take the song "You are My Eye" by the blind singer Ricky as the background music. Many blind people are quite disgusted with this. People with disabilities, such as the blind, the deaf and the elderly, prefer to help themselves with the help of technology, information and other auxiliary means, rather than relying on anyone to be their "eyes" or "mouth"

　　Everyone may face certain obstacles in obtaining information because of aging, sudden injury or language barrier. Information barrier-free construction can not only meet the needs of disabled groups, but also enable healthy people to enjoy its convenience.

　　Recently, a blind singer told a story about his experience of defending rights in Weibo. Not long ago, he went to China Bank Shenzhen Shahe Sub-branch to apply for a debit card. After the staff of the bank confirmed that he was blind, he refused to accept it. Later, the bank publicly apologized to the singer for this matter, but the apology did not mention how to solve the problem of blind people going to the bank for business in the future.

　　For the visually impaired, the singer’s experience is not special. Just a few days after he defended his rights in Weibo, another blind man went to Shunde Xingui Sub-branch of Agricultural Bank of China to handle online banking business. He was told that according to the document issued by Guangdong Head Office of Agricultural Bank of China, "blind people can’t handle online banking and all kinds of card business, but only passbook".

　　After being rejected by China Bank, the blind singer came to China Merchants Bank Overseas Chinese Town Sub-branch, and the staff quickly helped him with the related business. He indicated that he intended to transfer all the money from China Bank to China Merchants Bank account.

　　However, the blind Yang Yongquan is not so optimistic. He told Xinhua Daily Telegraph that he had applied for the credit card of China Merchants Bank, and the relevant procedures had been submitted online before. Finally, he needed to sign at the bank outlet for confirmation, but he was rejected by the bank because he could not sign because of visual impairment.

　　Finally, Yang Yongquan went to China Construction Bank and Guangfa Bank to set up a credit card. Yang Yongquan’s family helped him sign the signature column, he pressed his handprint next to the signature, and the bank staff recorded the whole process on video. "So, what’s the use of just apologizing? There are ways to solve this and there are precedents. " Yang Yongquan told reporters.

　　Because there is no uniform mandatory provision, no matter the four major state-owned banks such as China, agriculture, industry and construction, or commercial banks, different regions or even different branches in the same region have different attitudes towards blind people’s business.

　　According to the statistics provided by Shenzhen Information Accessibility Research Association, 52% of the visually impaired people in China do not have credit cards. One of the main reasons is that banks require cardholders to sign their own names. This is easy for healthy people, but most visually impaired groups can’t do it independently, so they are rejected by banks.

　　Nowadays, many financial services can be handled through the Internet and mobile APP, which saves most people the trouble of queuing at business outlets. This is even more important for disabled people who are inconvenient to travel. Some people with disabilities said that just as barrier-free ramps need to be built at the entrance of bank outlets for people with disabilities who use wheelchairs to enter, networks and mobile apps also need to set corresponding interfaces and optimize information accessibility, so that people with disabilities can enjoy Internet finance and other information services equally with healthy people.

　　However, in recent years, the awareness of information accessibility in China has gradually improved. How has it been implemented?

　　Banks are "unfriendly" and blind people regard buying lottery tickets as financial management.

　　In fact, most blind people have jobs, and many people are starting businesses, so it is inevitable that they need to deal with financial institutions.

　　Two years ago, Xinhua Daily Telegraph published a report entitled "Information Accessibility: Let the Blind" See the Expression Pack ",which introduced that visually impaired people can use social apps such as WeChat, take-away apps such as Meituan and shopping apps such as Taobao on their mobile phones by reading screens.

　　Nowadays, with the efforts of some IT engineers, visually impaired people can also use QQ to grab red envelopes, and "see" emoticons through text description, and enjoy the fun of the "internet plus" era.

　　Food, clothing, housing and transportation are only the most basic consumer needs. Disabled people, like everyone else, also have financial management and office needs. When the corresponding enterprises and institutions realize that there is such a special group among their service groups, they should take immediate action to carry out barrier-free transformation of products and services.

　　Jiao Yigang chatted with blind technicians during massage, only to know that blind people also have financial needs, and it is not easy to meet them.

　　The co-founder of Shunshou Technology is a marathon enthusiast. Every time he runs, he goes to the "Lao Wang Tuina" shop in the community for massage. When chatting with Lao Wang once, Jiao Yigang asked him how he spent all the money he earned. I didn’t expect Lao Wang to say that he spent a lot of money on lottery tickets every month, which was his main way of managing money.

　　"haven’t you thought about managing your finances well and then expanding the size of the massage parlor to make your life better?" Jiao Yigang, who has been committed to developing a mobile internet financial platform, never thought that someone would manage money in such a "simple and rude" way. However, Lao Wang told him that for their visually impaired groups, the door of the bank is not easy to enter, and online banking and wealth management apps are not very friendly.

　　This unintentional conversation left a deep impression on Jiao Yigang. When the wealth management APP "Notes on Hands" that they worked hard to develop got the C round of financing, he immediately asked the team to carry out information barrier-free transformation of the product and make "Notes on Hands" a wealth management APP that is easy for people with disabilities to use.

　　"A popular concept in the field of Internet finance in recent years is inclusive finance. I think’ information inclusion’ is the basis for the realization of’ inclusive finance’. We must first enable all groups to share financial information equally. " Jiao Yigang said.

　　According to a survey conducted by Shenzhen Information Accessibility Research Association on the financial needs of visually impaired people, among the surveyed groups, 57% of the visually impaired people will spend more than 1000 yuan on financial management every month, and 44% will invest in financial management through third-party payment platforms.

　　On December 12th last year, when all commercial organizations were striving to create another consumption frenzy after "double 11", Penghua Fund launched the first information barrier-free financial management APP product in China fund industry-the barrier-free optimized "A+ wallet". According to Luo Xinqiang, mobile product manager of e-commerce department of Penghua Fund, after barrier-free optimization, most functions of this APP can be effectively read out after the screen reading auxiliary function of the mobile phone is turned on, so that the blind can easily use it.

　　Previously, even if the voice assistant system of the mobile phone was turned on, the blind man touched the controls of the "A+ wallet" and read only a string of codes. For example, "more" will be read as "more/button"; In the payment process, "confirm" or "cancel" will only be recognized as "button". For the blind, it is impossible to complete the operation.

　　"In the past, financial management focused on serving middle and high net worth customers, but almost everyone had financial needs, and many users’ financial needs were not met." Gao Peng, vice president of Penghua Fund, said that at present, the financial needs of people with service barriers are not enough, and Penghua Fund is willing to take the lead in the domestic Public Offering of Fund industry.

　　Yue Lei, a blind singer, and his friends jointly founded Hefei Wuyinge Culture Media Co., Ltd., which specializes in training in the field of music and art. In order to start a business, he went to the bank to apply for a loan, but he was also stuck in the signing process. The bank told him that if he could not sign, he could go to the notary office for notarization. However, when he went to the notary office, the notary office also asked him to sign …

　　Yue Lei, who is also the vice chairman of the Shushan District Blind Association in Hefei, told Xinhua Daily Telegraph: "People still don’t understand the visually impaired groups. In fact, not only do most of us have jobs, but many people are starting businesses. Because we study music and massage more, many people choose to open stores after graduation, and it is inevitable to deal with financial institutions. " Although most of the existing online banking and wealth management apps can be completed with the help of family members, Yue Lei still hopes to achieve completely independent operation. "After all, wealth management is directly related to privacy issues".

　　After employment and starting a business, the disabled group will have the needs of office management in addition to financial management. Before August 2016, the smart mobile office platform that currently serves 5 million enterprise users was "nailed" to the visually impaired group of as many as 17 million people in China, but it was almost completely unusable.

　　Shi Jiarui, the head of the nailed iOS&Mac team, learned by chance two years ago that there were also visually impaired users using their products, which made him feel incredible. It’s not only the blind people who use nails to make him feel fresh. The first thing he didn’t expect was: "Can blind people also use mobile phones? In my cognition, when it comes to blind people, I can almost only think of blind massage. " Shi Jiarui told reporters embarrassedly.

　　As an IT technician who develops around iOS and Mac, Shi Jiarui has always known the auxiliary function of Apple’s mobile phone called Voiceover, but he didn’t know what its application scenario was before. He was "really ashamed" when he learned that visually impaired people tried to use Voiceover to use nails and encountered many obstacles.

　　It took less than a month for the technical team to carry out the information barrier-free transformation of "Nail". Shi Jiarui told Xinhua Daily Telegraph that it was not difficult, just patience and care. "If I had known that there was such a group in use, I would have supported it earlier. In particular, if information accessibility can be considered from the beginning, there is no need for post-remediation to generate additional costs. "

　　Internet giants such as Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent, which have been involved in information accessibility construction before, are constantly using the latest technology to improve the accessibility optimization of their products.

　　For example, Tencent uses big data to enhance the OCR recognition function that can convert pictures into words, which can improve its description accuracy. Nowadays, people are keen to forward screenshots to each other on social media. Previously, it was difficult for the blind to figure out what the screenshots were, but now with the more accurate OCR function, the blind can also read the text and information in the screenshots.

　　With the increase of media reports and the improvement of the awareness of rights protection of disabled groups, more and more institutions and enterprises are beginning to contact the concept of information accessibility and try to do something. On December 21st, 2017, internet society of china Information Accessibility Working Committee was established in Beijing. The first batch of members include more than 50 institutions and enterprises in various fields such as People’s Daily Online, Xinhuanet, Tencent, Alibaba, Baidu, Iflytek and Xiaomi.

　　Huang Clarification, vice chairman of internet society of china and chairman of internet society of china Information Accessibility Working Committee, said that the main work of the Committee in the near future is to study and formulate technical standards for information accessibility of mobile intelligent terminals, and to promote consensus on information accessibility construction for government affairs, public services, commerce and other fields.

　　Barrier-free is abnormal, and some software can’t be used once it is updated.

　　Some enterprises only regard information accessibility as giving love and doing public welfare, and information accessibility has always been a dispensable thing.

　　"In fact, there are always technical standards for information accessibility." Zhang Kun, chief expert of Shenzhen Information Accessibility Research Association, said that the relevant international standards were created as early as 20 years ago.

　　In 1994, Tim Berners Lee, the inventor of the World Wide Web, founded the World Wide Web Alliance "W3C". As the most authoritative and influential international neutral technical standards organization in the field of Web technology, "W3C" established the Web Accessibility Promotion Organization as early as February 1997, and began to formulate a series of standards, specifications, detection methods and skills on Web accessibility, and cooperated with governments, enterprises and other institutions around the world to promote information accessibility standards on a global scale.

　　There are similar provisions in the relevant laws and regulations of our country. For example, the Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons revised in 2008, the Technical Requirements for Accessibility in Website Design updated by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in 2012, the Outline of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Accelerating the Well-off Process for Disabled Persons promulgated by the State Council in 2016, and the national standard Principles for the Design and Setting of Public Information Guidance System Based on Accessibility Requirements implemented by the former AQSIQ and the National Standardization Administration Committee all contain information accessibility.

　　"Unfortunately, although the relevant regulations have been published, there is little mention of disciplinary measures after violating the regulations. This lacks a mandatory binding force. " Zhang Kun told Xinhua Daily Telegraph that due to the lack of legal constraints, it is not necessary for many institutions, especially enterprises, to build information accessibility, but it has become a plus item and an optional topic.

　　Especially in the early stage of development, many institutions selectively ignore the construction of information accessibility because of the shortage of funds or manpower. Even if some relevant remedies are made, the improved functions of the product are often covered again after the version is updated because the standards are not established and are not included in the normative process. Looking back on the information barrier-free construction in recent years, Zhang Kun believes that although the number of enterprises and institutions that understand this concept is increasing, on the whole, it can only be said that it is a "spiral upward" trend.

　　In an interview with Xinhua Daily Telegraph two years ago, Li Zhongyang showed reporters how blind people use Didi to take a taxi. But now, he told reporters that not long ago, a version of Didi was updated, which caused some functions to be unable to be read aloud, which made the visually impaired group unable to use it. "We people can only tell each other: Don’t update the version!"

　　In an interview, Shi Jiarui, who was nailed, constantly stressed to reporters that it is "a sentimental and meaningful thing for them to make barrier-free transformation for products, which has nothing to do with KPI." Gao Peng of Penghua Fund pointed out that the accessibility of "A+ wallet" is to fulfill the social responsibility of enterprises and to use their main business ability and financial technology level to carry out information poverty alleviation.

　　For the barrier-free optimization of China Ping An’s official website, in the view of the relevant person in charge of the brand propaganda department of China Ping An Insurance Group, "Ping An Property & Casualty should fulfill its social responsibility and contribute to public welfare undertakings."

　　However, in Li Zhongyang’s view, it is precisely because some enterprises only regard information accessibility as giving love and doing public welfare that they are influenced to take this opportunity to further optimize their products. "Because they always have the concept of charity, information accessibility always seems to be a dispensable thing. Today, this version has been changed, and tomorrow’s version has been updated and forgotten. Like a bear breaking a stick, it will not be done well. "

　　In the United States, Australia, Japan, including Hong Kong, China and other countries and regions, the accessibility and equality of information resources used by disabled groups are also written into relevant laws and regulations. Enterprises that fail to do a good job in accessibility will not only face the trouble of litigation, but also be very likely to accept severe punishment.

　　There have been hundreds of lawsuits about barrier-free technology in the United States, including not only providers of information products and services, but also providers of public entity services, such as Macy’s, Bank of America, Disneyland and so on.

　　Under this pressure, relevant institutions have to take the initiative to consider information accessibility from the beginning of construction. "This will certainly increase the corresponding cost, but if it is done sooner or later, it is better to do it first." Zhang Kun made an analogy to the reporter of Xinhua Daily Telegraph. "Just like a residential building, if there is no elevator at the beginning of construction, it will have to be installed later, which will not only greatly increase the cost, but also destroy the infrastructure."

　　The construction of information accessibility is not all trouble. Some enterprises have even tasted the sweetness from it, and regard information barrier-free construction as the driving force for innovation. In IBM, Microsoft, Facebook, Google and other enterprises, the foundation of information barrier-free construction is not public welfare, but research and development.

　　Wang Fuming, who was the first president of IBM Global Information Accessibility Center, said that many employees in IBM are disabled. One of the totally deaf Russian engineers, because he can’t hear and speak, has a strong sense of innovation in order to let himself cross the obstacles he faces, and therefore has more than 300 invention patents. "He inspired me a lot, because his point of view and angle when solving difficulties are different from ordinary people, and this is actually a good opportunity for innovation."

　　More than ten years ago, when IBM established the information barrier-free center, Wang Fuming, who was sent from the sales position, had no concept of information barrier-free construction. However, after working with the blind, deaf and other disabled people for a period of time and seeing their innovative vitality, she clearly realized: "Information accessibility is not just a public welfare behavior for disabled groups, but an opportunity for innovation and development, which is the long-term focus of enterprise survival and competition. Because the essence of science and technology is to overcome obstacles and solve problems. "

　　Nearly 600 million people have different degrees of information access barriers.

　　People with disabilities most want to help themselves with the help of technology, information and other auxiliary means, rather than relying on others as their "eyes" or "mouths"

　　At present, the research on information accessibility is mainly based on helping four groups to overcome obstacles: visual impairment, hearing impairment, physical impairment and cognitive impairment, but the research is not limited to serving disabled groups, but everyone.

　　According to the statistics of Tsinghua University Institute for Barrier-free Development, there are 85.02 million people with disabilities, 205 million elderly people and nearly 300 million people with low education (children and migrant workers) in China. The total population of nearly 600 million people has different degrees of information access barriers, accounting for nearly half of China’s total population.

　　Many public welfare activities for the visually impaired will take "You are My Eye" by blind singer Ricky as the background music. However, during the interview, the reporter of Xinhua Daily Telegraph found that many blind people were quite disgusted with this. People with disabilities, such as the blind, the deaf and the elderly, prefer to help themselves by means of technology, information and other auxiliary means, rather than relying on anyone to be their "eyes" or "mouth".

　　Yang Yongquan and his friends have developed a screen reading software called "Crossing the Crossing" together since ten years ago, which can be used by both the blind and the elderly who are dazzled. He told reporters: "Now when people talk about information accessibility, the first thing that comes to mind is the blind and the disabled, which makes this concept too narrow. In fact, the concept of information accessibility is very broad. Although it is more necessary for the blind, it applies to everyone. "

　　"Like barrier-free ramps, although they are designed for disabled people who use wheelchairs, healthy people who push strollers and shopping carts can also use them. Barrier-free ramps can provide convenience for everyone." For example, Zhang Kun said, "When you go to a foreign country where the language is not fluent, if the information accessibility is not good, you can’t identify municipal information such as public transportation through icons, then you will immediately become a member of the’ cognitive impairment’. At this time, do you still feel that information accessibility has nothing to do with yourself? "

　　He pointed out that everyone may face certain obstacles in obtaining information because of aging, sudden injury or language barrier. In particular, many countries and regions are facing the problem of aging, which will inevitably increase the social cost of providing for the aged. However, if the self-care ability of the elderly can be improved through the construction of information accessibility, the social cost of providing for the aged will be effectively reduced.

　　More than ten years ago, an old man asked Zhang Kun to help him buy a computer. The request was very strange: it was mainly used for watching movies and listening to music, so it had to have pictures and sound, but it didn’t need to be able to surf the Internet, CD-ROM drive or keyboard. Zhang Kun said that he didn’t have this kind of computer and didn’t buy it for him.

　　Ten years later, when tablet computers such as iPad went on the market, he realized that this was what the old man wanted. "So meeting the special requirements of disabled groups is actually the trend and direction of future scientific and technological development."

　　"When products and services are continuously optimized for information accessibility, healthy people can also enjoy convenience. People want to operate more simply and lazily. " Li Weixing, vice president of Xiaomi MIUI Department, believes that "for this purpose, there is not much difference between disabled groups and healthy people, and the boundaries will become more and more blurred."

　　A product manager of Xiaomi wrote on his blog: "Let everyone enjoy the fun of science and technology" put forward by Xiaomi is not an empty slogan. We need to fully consider the use of different people in product design so that anyone can use our products smoothly. " Therefore, in his view, optimizing products to support information accessibility is by no means doing good or even giving alms to any group, but just "being responsible for the products designed by yourself".

　　Huang Qing, chairman of the Committee for Information Accessibility in internet society of china, stressed that at present, China is moving from a cyber power to a cyber power, and in order to truly benefit the 1.3 billion people in China, it is necessary to ensure that all groups, such as the elderly and the disabled, have equal access to information, which should be the development direction pursued by a society where everyone benefits and information is equal. (Yin Pingping)

Recently, photos of Apple’s 16 Pro Max model have been circulated on the Internet. Compared with the iPhone 15 Pro Max, the body size of the iPhone 16 Pro Max is slightly enlarged, which confirms the previously rumored 6.9-inch display.

According to the current interest rate, iPhone 16 Pro Max will be one of the largest Pro Max models in Apple’s history. Compared with the 6.7-inch display of iPhone 15 Pro Max, this new mobile phone will bring a broader visual experience.

In addition, the battery capacity has also been significantly improved. According to related reports, the battery capacity of iPhone 16 Pro Max will reach 4,676 mAh, which is 5% higher than the previous generation. It is expected that the battery life of this mobile phone will be further improved.

At present, Apple claims that the iPhone 15 Pro Max can last for about 29 hours, so it can be predicted that the iPhone 16 Pro Max is likely to break through the 30-hour battery life record.

Finally, it is worth mentioning that netizen @ZONEofTECH shared this photo in the tweet and made a comparative analysis of the two mobile phones. I hope this series of new technologies can bring users a better experience.

　　　　　 CCTV News:Recently, many residents in Hongshan District, Wuhan reported that their residential area is too close to Qingling section of Yangsi Port Expressway, which was opened to traffic not long ago, and the noise of traffic has troubled the daily life of residents in the residential area. According to the address provided by residents, CCTV reporters came to Yuecheng Community in Fudi District to learn about the situation on the spot.

　　　　　　 Residents of Forte Yuecheng Community moved in in 2015. At present, among the 27 residential buildings in the community, more than a dozen high-rise residential buildings are less than 50 meters away from Qingling section of Yangsi Port Expressway. In order to resist the noise, the residents themselves have thought of some measures, but the effect is not obvious.

　　　　　　 Residents of the community: "Our balcony has been stopped since the expressway was opened to traffic. We have sealed all its windows, and you can obviously feel the sound when you open it."

　　　　　　 Reporter: "It’s very loud."

　　　　　　 Residents of the community: "Yes, the sound is very loud, and I basically dare not open it."

　　　　　　 Residents of the community: "This is the master bedroom. Because of the noise, both husband and wife can’t stand it. Later, we paid for a set of silent windows ourselves. We thought the effect was ok, but the effect was still not good. The noise was still very loud, which led to my wife and I not sleeping in this room now, so we crowded the children’s room with the children."

　　　　　　 Residents say that noise not only affects rest, but also affects health by closing the windows for a long time, which leads to poor air circulation. Zhao Xin speed skater, an associate professor in the School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology, is engaged in the research on the integration of ecological environment and transportation facilities in the city circle, and has been paying attention to the noise disturbing people in this community.

　　　　　　 Zhao Xin speed skater, an associate professor at the School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology, said: "The maximum instantaneous noise value I have measured now has reached 80 decibels, with an average of about 75 decibels."

　　　　　　 Reporter: "Has this value exceeded the standard?"

　　　　　　 Zhao Xin speed skater: "This definitely exceeds the standard. According to the official monitoring data provided by the environmental monitoring station, it adopts the national second-class regional standard, and the limit value is 60 decibels. Then we have now tested that the instantaneous value has reached about 75 decibels, so it has exceeded about 15 decibels. "

　　　　　 [Field] The existing noise control measures are not effective.

　　　　　　 According to the relevant provisions of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Noise Pollution in China, if the construction of expressways, urban viaducts and light rail roads passing through the existing areas where noise-sensitive buildings are concentrated may cause environmental noise pollution, noise barriers should be set up or other effective measures should be taken to control environmental noise pollution. So, has the urban expressway around the community taken such noise prevention measures?

　　　　　　 The reporter saw at the scene that in order to control noise pollution, the construction unit installed a 4-meter-high vertical sound barrier on the expressway to reduce the interference of noise generated by driving vehicles to nearby residents, but the effect was not satisfactory.

　　　　　　 Residential residents: "This vertical sound insulation screen has little effect on our high-rise, and you can hear that the noise is still very loud when you stand next to it, and even this vertical sound insulation screen only says that it has been repaired to the place directly below us, and there is no vertical sound insulation screen walking next to us, so the tire noise from a distance and the tire noise directly below are clearly transmitted."

　　　　　　 Zhao Xin speed skater, an associate professor at the School of Communications, Wuhan University of Technology, said: "The buildings here are generally relatively high, and its floors have basically reached more than 30 floors, so it is ineffective to use such a semi-closed sound insulation wall."

　　　　　　 In view of the noise problems reflected by residents, the personnel of Hongshan District Environmental Protection Monitoring Station in Wuhan City tested the noise situation. According to the test results, the distance between this expressway and the community is too close, which is the main reason for noise disturbing people at present. So, when the expressway was built, did the noise disturb people be taken into account for environmental assessment?

　　　　　　 Ming Lihong, researcher of the administrative examination and approval department of Wuhan Ecological Environment Bureau, said: "Our country’s evaluation law stipulates that the need to start construction should be reported to the original department for review within five years after the approval of the project EIA. Then the EIA of Wuchang section of the Second Ring Road was approved by the Environmental Protection Bureau in September 2010, and the construction of Wuchang section of the Second Ring Road was started in December 2010, so there is no legal requirement to report the EIA again. The Qingling section of Yangsi Port Expressway is a part of the Wuchang section of the Second Ring Road, and the overall EIA.

　　　　　 [Progress] Relevant departments will take measures to reduce noise pollution.

　　　　　　 According to the environmental protection department, the Qingling section of Yangsi Port Expressway, which started construction in 2018, belongs to the Wuchang section of the Second Ring Road, and the overall environmental assessment of the Wuchang section of the Second Ring Road was passed in 2010. However, when the environmental assessment was carried out, there were no dense residential areas on both sides of the expressway. Eight years later, a large number of high-rise houses were built here. What should we do about the noise problem caused by the urban expressway?

　　　　　　 Recently, the relevant departments in Wuhan said that they attach great importance to the problem of noise disturbing people and have come up with corresponding solutions.

　　　　　　 Hao Xijian, director of the Policy and Regulation Department of Wuhan Ecological Environment Bureau, said: "We will take two measures in the next step. First, as a regulatory authority, we will conduct further research with the main construction unit. For the viaduct, some vertical sound insulation screens have been built, and the effect of vertical sound insulation screens can not meet the requirements of surrounding residents. Therefore, we will further demonstrate with the construction unit the feasibility of building a fully enclosed sound insulation screen for the viaduct; Second, in view of the current situation of excessive noise, we have further demonstrated with urban construction, urban management and construction units to minimize the emission of noise pollution sources through road noise reduction and other measures. "

　　　　　　 At present, noise disturbing people is a common problem in large and medium-sized cities. In order to alleviate traffic congestion, viaducts and expressways have sprung up everywhere, but in order to save land costs, some roads are also close to residential areas, which makes the phenomenon of noise disturbing people particularly prominent. Experts believe that the planning stage should be "prepared for a rainy day".

　　　　　　 Zhao Xin speed skater, an associate professor at the School of Transportation, Wuhan University of Technology, said: "Attention should be paid to the problem of noise disturbing people in the planning stage, and various sound insulation facilities should be taken into account in the planning and design stage. The second level is that in the land planning stage, we should consider the red lines of traffic land and residential land and the relationship between them, and leave a reasonable distance from the planning level to minimize the impact of noise on residents. "

Sichuan Online Reporter Wu Menglin Text/Video

Gorgeous iron flowers illuminate the night sky, dazzling, dragon dance tumbling through the fire … … On the evening of February 5th, a series of Lantern Festival activities were held in Huanglongxi Ancient Town, Shuangliu, Chengdu, and the national-level non-legacy "Dragon Lantern Dance" surprised the night sky.

Dragon lantern dance.

The rivers of Huanglong River, Fuhe River and Luxi River in the Millennium ancient town flow quietly. During the Lantern Festival, the buildings with cornices and corners in the ancient town are decorated with lanterns and lanterns, and tourists are weaving, reappearing the prosperity of the ancient Huanglongxi, where "thousands of people hand in their hands every day and ten thousand lights at night".

Dragon lantern dance.

On the day of Lantern Festival, the 23rd International Dragon and Lion Culture and Art Festival was held in Huanglongxi Ancient Town, and various traditional folk cultural performances were prepared for tourists, such as dancing dragons and lions, playing lanterns with sisters, singing trumpets on Fuhe River, and spitting fire, which brought us closer to the Year of China in our memory. The most surprising thing for tourists is the traditional folk custom of Huanglongxi ancient town, which originated in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the national-level non-legacy "Dragon Lantern Dance". Huanglongxi is also named as "the hometown of China folk art dragon".

Lion dance performance.

The dragon lantern dance in Huanglongxi is a combination of dragon, lantern, dance and fire. When the craftsman scoops up the molten iron, throws it into the air and hits it hard, the bright red hot iron juice blooms into gorgeous iron flowers, which are dotted in the sky, accompanied by drums, and the dragon dance is tumbling, hoping for a good weather, health and safety in the new year.

The ancient town of Huanglongxi is decorated with lanterns and colorful decorations everywhere.

Photo courtesy of Shuangliu District Media Center

　　CCTV News:Recently, the anti-corruption international documentary "Red Wanted" will be broadcast on CCTV. In the popular one-minute trailer, Xu Chaofan, who has fled to the United States for 17 years, is particularly eye-catching, which once again triggers the public, public opinion and other parties to trace the story behind the overseas pursuit.

　　The 30-year-old president was once prominent in the local area.

　　In 1990s, Xu Chaofan was the president of Kaiping Sub-branch of Bank of China, and he was also the principal in the corruption case of Kaiping Sub-branch.

　　According to media reports, Xu Chaofan, the president of Kaiping Sub-branch at the age of 30, was once prominent in the local area.

　　Xu Chaofan, however, took advantage of his position to embezzle and misappropriate a huge amount of public funds from China Bank, and was suspected of embezzling and misappropriating about 485 million US dollars (4 billion RMB), which is also the biggest bank corruption case since the founding of New China.

　　After the incident, a local official said: "We rarely see him, but I feel that this person is very resourceful." .

　　Fled to America and gambled day and night for a week.　

　　In October 2001, Xu Chaofan fled to the United States via Hongkong and Canada.

　　At that time, he fled with two presidents who succeeded him: Yu Zhendong and Xu Guojun, and their wives.

　　Escape is prepared.

　　Before fleeing, in order to get the green card of the United States smoothly, Xu Chaofan even got a fake marriage with the local people, thinking that after successfully emigrating, he could escape the sanctions of China law, and he had no worries since then.

　　After fleeing to the United States, in order to wash away the black money as soon as possible, Xu Chaofan and others went to Las Vegas to start gambling day and night, and this happy life only lasted for more than a week.

　　In November, 2001, China issued a red wanted order through Interpol, and through international law enforcement cooperation, it quickly carried out the pursuit of three people. Xu Chaofan and others found that all the money in the account was frozen, and the money in the casino was also frozen.

　　150,000 pages of evidence can not escape the law.

　　Xu Chaofan’s life in the United States is not satisfactory. After three years of hiding, "we did take a lot of money out, but hiding was tiring. A person always hides in one place, or hides everywhere, and the quality of life and all aspects are inhuman. "

　　In April 2004, Yu Zhendong, an accomplice, voluntarily returned to China for trial.

　　At this time, Xu Chaofan tried to fight back, trying to use loopholes in American law to escape punishment and get away with it.

　　China and the United States conducted a joint investigation. According to the consensus reached on prosecution in different places, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection organized and coordinated the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Justice and other units, and successively provided 150,000 pages of evidence materials to the United States, and organized relevant witnesses to testify in American courts through remote video. This is the first time in China’s anti-corruption pursuit and recovery work, and it is known as a new model of criminal judicial assistance between China and the United States.

　　After eight years of unremitting efforts, in May 2009, Xu Chaofan was sentenced to 25 years in prison in the United States.

　　In the detention stage of the federal agencies in the United States, Xu Chaofan described it as an exhausting life, just like a deaf-mute person, living habits, eating and drinking are different in an unfamiliar place.

　　Since then, the focus of the pursuit of Xu Chaofan has shifted to persuasion and repatriation.

　　Recovering more than 2 billion yuan of stolen money has set N "firsts"

　　In June 2014, the Central Pursuit Office was established, and the Xu Chaofan case was listed as a key case under supervision.

　　At first, Xu Chaofan had illusions, thinking that after a long time, the investigators might change, and some pursuit work might stop, in an attempt to stay in the United States for a long time.

　　What shocked him was that in September 2015, Xu Chaofan’s wife Kuang Wanfang was forcibly repatriated by the US.

　　Through the high pressure of cooperation between China and the United States, the living space in the United States was constantly squeezed. Xu Chaofan finally recognized the reality, voluntarily pleaded guilty and repented, and proposed to return to China to surrender himself and accept repatriation.

　　At this point, the 17-year long and difficult pursuit and recovery work has ended, and more than 2 billion yuan of Xu Chaofan’s money involved in the case has been recovered from home and abroad, thus recovering the economic losses to the maximum extent.

　　Xu Chaofan’s bringing to justice has created many firsts, and he is the first duty criminal suspect to be repatriated from abroad after the establishment of the State Supervision Commission. It is also the first successful case that China has pursued prosecution in a different place and forcibly repatriated an important duty criminal fugitive after serving his sentence in a different place, and it is the first time to cooperate according to the Sino-US agreement on criminal judicial assistance.

　　If you escape, you will chase after it!

　　Since the launch of the "Skynet" operation, the French Open has become more and more tightly woven. As of December 9, 2018, 4,833 fugitives have been recovered from more than 120 countries and regions, including 995 national staff, and more than 10.3 billion yuan has been recovered.

　　This beautiful answer sheet highlights the firm determination of the CPC Central Committee to strictly manage the party in an all-round way, and once again shows the fleeing corrupt elements that overseas is not extra-legal, and no corrupt elements should have illusions; The pursuit and recovery work will be endless, justice will never be absent, and only an early confession is the only way out. (Text/Tian Hong)