Create a new situation by answering the questions of the times
Promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation requires collaborative innovation of theory and practice; Adhering to and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics is a continuous process of constantly discovering and solving problems.
Facing the severe and complicated international situation and the arduous and arduous task of domestic reform, development and stability, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made overall plans for the two overall situations, strategized and planned scientifically, and clearly put forward the requirements for correctly understanding and grasping five major theoretical and practical issues: how to steadily move towards common prosperity? How to make capital norms develop healthily and orderly? How to ensure the supply of primary products? How to focus on avoiding major risks? How to promote carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions steadily and orderly? This is not only a major practical problem that must be faced and solved at present, but also a problem with forward-looking, strategic and long-term significance for the development of the cause of the party and the country.
The vitality of theory lies in continuous innovation. The systematic and incisive exposition made by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader on five major theoretical and practical issues in the new stage of development has further enriched the connotation of the Supreme Leader’s economic thought, and highlighted its distinctive scientific, people-oriented, contemporary, practical and open nature. Only with the scientific guidance of the supreme leader’s economic thought and being good at discovering, rationally analyzing and pragmatically solving major theoretical and practical problems can we better understand the new era, create a new situation, promote better economic and social development and greater progress, and enrich human civilization practice and path choice.
Over the past six months or so, Economic Daily has formed a special research group of more than 30 people, interviewed relevant ministries, scholars, think tanks and enterprises in depth, and formed more than 90,000-word reports on five major topics, which have been published in one edition continuously, causing widespread concern and obtaining good response. The process of interview, research and writing is also the process of our in-depth study and understanding of the supreme leader’s economic thought, from which we have gained many profound insights.
Strategic coordinates and scientific guide of economic work in the new development stage
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the cause of the Party and the country has made historic achievements and undergone historic changes. One of the most important experiences is to always focus on objective reality, adhere to problem orientation, effectively solve problems and constantly create a new situation in work.
Investigation and research is the heirloom of our party, the foundation of seeking things and the way to achieve things. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader clearly put forward that "to study, think and determine the ideas and major measures for comprehensively deepening reform, comprehensive and in-depth investigation and study must be carried out", and he took the lead in setting an example. From Lianhua Mountain in Shenzhen to Xiaogang Village in Fengyang, Anhui Province, from Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone to Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions, from the depths of Taihang to Zhongguancun to learn about cutting-edge technology, from Erhai Lake in Yunnan to urge the maintenance of green mountains and green mountains to the old industrial base in Northeast China to inspect the reform of state-owned enterprises … … This is a process in which General Secretary of the Supreme Leader listens to people’s voices, observes people’s feelings and asks public opinions. It is also a process in which he discovers a series of major theoretical and practical problems and makes a series of strategic decisions.
Put the quasi-social pulse in the problem and understand the development law in solving the problem. Step-by-step measurement of feet promotes step-by-step innovation in theory and practice; The deepening of thinking has formed the promotion of new ideas, new concepts and new strategies, and crystallized into the economic thought of the supreme leader. Under the guidance of scientific theory, China’s economic construction has made great achievements. The gross domestic product has exceeded 100 billion yuan, and the per capita GDP has exceeded 10,000 US dollars. The country’s economic strength, scientific and technological strength and comprehensive national strength have leapt to a new level.
This is a decade of struggle, an extraordinary decade. Today, while we are feeling the magnificent epic and brilliant miracle on the land of China, we should also feel the power of seeking truth from facts and the power of scientific theory in the view of history and reality.
Entering a new stage of development, facing the impact of the epidemic in the century and the accelerated evolution of the situation in the past 100 years, the external environment has become more complicated, severe and uncertain, and the world has entered a new period of turmoil and change. The problem of insufficient development imbalance in China is prominent, the task of reforming key links in key areas is arduous, and the problems to be solved are more and more diverse and complex. Opportunities and challenges, reform and opening up, efficiency and fairness, development and security … … Various tasks and problems are intertwined, among which opportunities are more strategic and plastic, and challenges are more complex and overall.
Worry about things first, then be happy, be proud of things first, then worry. Standing at the height of the times and from the overall perspective, starting from reality, scientifically judging, comprehensively understanding and effectively solving new problems in the new stage are the key to coping with environmental changes in the new stage of development, enhancing the driving force for high-quality development and firmly grasping the initiative of development.
At the Central Economic Work Conference held at the end of 2021, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader summarized and put forward five major theoretical and practical issues. These problems are important because achieving common prosperity is the most anticipated goal of the people’s good life; Standardizing and guiding capital is the most difficult exploration to improve the socialist market economic system; The guarantee of primary products is the most solid foundation to consolidate the national economy; Preventing and resolving risks is the most urgent task of coordinating development and security; Steady realization of "double carbon" is the most critical link to promote high-quality development. The five major issues seem to be separated from different fields, but in fact they are organically unified in the situation and tasks during the important strategic opportunity period and in the target direction of the Chinese modernization road.
Answering these five questions well in theory and solving them well in practice are the concentrated expression of the practical innovation, theoretical innovation and institutional innovation of the Party Central Committee governing the country with the Supreme Leader as the core in the economic field, which highlights that the economic thought of the Supreme Leader is a scientific theory based on the national conditions, looking at the world and leading the future, and is the fundamental follow-up and action guide for us to do a good job in economic work in the new development stage.
The latest expansion and enrichment of the scientific connotation of the supreme leader’s economic thought
The proposal of five major theoretical and practical issues has further expanded and enriched the scientific connotation of the Supreme Leader’s economic thought, and reflected the accurate judgment of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader on the general economic situation and the strategic deployment of economic work. At present and in the future, it is a time window for these important understandings and judgments to form policies, arrange their implementation and gradually land. It is urgent to think forward, and then make overall plans for work and form a policy system, so as to make a good start and step for consistent and long-term efforts.
About achieving common prosperity. Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism. Under China’s socialist system, it is necessary to constantly liberate and develop social productive forces, create and accumulate social wealth, and prevent polarization. To achieve the goal of common prosperity, we must first make the "cake" bigger and better through the joint efforts of the people of the whole country, and then cut and divide the "cake" through reasonable institutional arrangements. This is a long historical process. Steadily moving towards this goal requires us to correctly understand and grasp the strategic objectives and practical ways to achieve common prosperity, strengthen the priority orientation of employment in promoting high-quality development, give play to the functional role of distribution, persist in doing our best, do what we can, step by step, and improve the public service policy system.
On regulating and guiding capital. As an important factor of production, capital is a tool for the market to allocate resources and a way and means to develop the economy. There are bound to be various forms of capital in the socialist market economy. We should give full play to the positive role of capital as a factor of production and effectively control its negative role. To curb the disorderly expansion of capital, it is not to want capital, but to develop capital in an orderly manner. This requires us to correctly understand and grasp the characteristics and behavior rules of capital, set up "traffic lights" for capital, improve the legal system of capital development, strengthen effective supervision of capital according to law, and promote the benign development and common development of all kinds of capital.
On the guarantee of primary products. For a big country like ours, ensuring the supply of primary products is a major strategic issue. Only by strengthening strategic planning and ensuring supply security can we firmly grasp the initiative of development. This requires us to correctly understand and grasp the supply guarantee of primary products, adhere to the priority of saving, enhance the domestic resource production guarantee capacity, optimize the overseas resource guarantee capacity in a mutually beneficial and win-win way, put the improvement of agricultural comprehensive production capacity in a more prominent position, and ensure that Chinese’s rice bowl is firmly in its own hands at all times.
About preventing and resolving risks. At present, the international situation is complex and changeable, the task of reform, development and stability is arduous and arduous, and the risks and challenges we face are unprecedented. Only by coordinating development and safety, adhering to the bottom line thinking, enhancing the sense of hardship, improving the ability of prevention and control, and focusing on preventing and resolving major risks can we maintain sustained and healthy economic development and overall social stability. This requires us to correctly understand and grasp the prevention and resolution of major risks, continue to follow the principles of overall stability, overall coordination, classified policies and accurate bomb disposal, do a good job in risk disposal, strengthen the construction of financial rule of law, compact the responsibilities of local, financial supervision, industry supervisors and other parties, compact the main responsibility of enterprises to save themselves, strengthen the construction of financial supervision cadres, study and formulate policies to resolve risks, and improve the financial risk disposal mechanism.
On the steady realization of "double carbon" Achieving carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions is an inherent requirement to promote high-quality development, and it is a broad and profound economic and social change, which can never be achieved easily. It is necessary to unswervingly push forward, and it is impossible to accomplish everything in one battle, and we must never be impatient and rash. This requires us to correctly understand and grasp peak carbon dioxide emissions’s carbon neutrality, adhere to the principles of national overall planning, saving priority, two-wheel drive, smooth internal and external flow and risk prevention, promote the optimal combination of coal and new energy based on the basic national conditions of coal, create conditions to realize the transformation from "double control" of energy consumption to "double control" of total carbon emission and intensity as soon as possible, accelerate the formation of an incentive and restraint mechanism to reduce pollution and carbon, ensure energy supply, further promote the energy revolution, and accelerate the construction of an energy power.
Five strategic issues are five strategic tasks. A series of important expositions and work arrangements highlight the historical initiative, great theoretical courage and strong responsibility of the Supreme Leader General Secretary. This requires us to lay a solid foundation, promote advantages, fill shortcomings and strong and weak items in the next stage of economic work, and open up a broader space for economic development by constantly solving problems.
Transform powerful theoretical advantages into economic governance efficiency
The supreme leader’s economic thought was formed under the historical conditions that Socialism with Chinese characteristics entered a new era, the main contradictions in our society changed, and the world changed dramatically in a hundred years. The important exposition on correctly understanding and grasping major theoretical and practical issues has broad background, profound theoretical origin and solid practical foundation, which embodies the distinctive characteristics of combining theory with practice and unifying epistemology and methodology. We should deeply understand its profound theoretical value and effectively transform it into economic governance efficiency in practice, making it a sharp ideological weapon to guide China’s high-quality economic development, scientifically respond to major risks and challenges, and build a socialist modern country in an all-round way.
First, the origin of people first.
Common prosperity is the essential requirement of Socialism with Chinese characteristics; The Communist Party of China (CPC) people in the new era are exploring the way to common prosperity. In the whole process of exploration, we should correctly grasp and handle the relationship between the creation and distribution of wealth, on the one hand, encourage the people of the whole country to work together to make the "cake" bigger and better; On the other hand, we should design reasonable institutional arrangements, correctly handle the relationship between growth and distribution, and cut and divide the "cake". This is a long-term historical process. We must always regard the people’s interests as the fundamental starting point and end result of the Party’s economic work, pay attention to the well-being of people’s livelihood, ensure the supply of people’s livelihood, and steadily move toward the goal of common prosperity in the high-quality development of co-construction, sharing, green and low carbon.
Second, the spirit of seeking truth from facts.
China has become the second largest economy in the world, but its development environment has undergone profound and complex changes. Many of the difficulties and problems we are facing are influenced by external factors, which are unprecedented in the world for a hundred years, and also by internal factors, which are profound supply-side structural and institutional contradictions in the national economy. Seeking truth from facts is the living soul of Marxism and runs through the economic thought of the supreme leader. It is the fundamental thinking method and working principle for us to analyze the new situation, understand new things and accomplish new tasks. We must adhere to the development view of Marxism, adhere to the scientific attitude of starting from practice and testing everything by practice, clearly understand the changes and invariance of the world, national conditions and party conditions, give full play to the initiative and creativity of history, forge ahead and explore boldly when encountering rivers, dare and be good at analyzing and answering major theoretical and practical questions, make innovative generalizations in theory, make forward-looking arrangements in policy, and constantly make discoveries and achievements in practice.
Third, the weapon of scientific theory.
The supreme leader’s economic thought insists on observing, grasping and leading the times with Marxism, and profoundly answers many important and practical problems that Marxist classic writers have never talked about, that our predecessors have never encountered, and that western economic theory cannot solve. This theoretical achievement with distinctive times and creativity formed in adapting to the new situation, solving new problems and coping with new challenges is the precious ideological crystallization of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people’s unremitting exploration of the socialist economic development path. To correctly understand and grasp the major theoretical and practical issues in the new development stage, we must take scientific theory as an ideological weapon and a guide to action, refine and summarize the laws of economic and social development, properly guard against and resolve major risk challenges, and promote China’s economy to be stable and far-reaching on the road of higher quality, more efficient, fairer, more sustainable and safer development.
Fourth, goal-oriented and problem-oriented working methods.
The goal is the direction of struggle, and the problem is the voice of the times. We adhere to the direction of socialist market economy reform, and we are bound to encounter various difficulties and problems on the road of steadily moving towards the goal of common prosperity and realizing the beautiful ideal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. To combine goal orientation with problem orientation, we should not only focus on the goal, but also work hard on overall planning and top-level design to enhance the sense of direction and leadership, and also focus on the problem and continue to exert efforts to supplement shortcomings and strengths to enhance accuracy and effectiveness. Only by studying major strategic issues in time, improving the ability of risk foresight and prediction, deploying work that has a bearing on the overall situation and a long-term concern as soon as possible, and leading the reform in depth with key breakthroughs can we lay a more solid foundation for winning the initiative, winning the advantage and winning the future.
Fifth, the courage and wisdom to dare to struggle and be good at it.
There are many contents in summing up the achievements and experiences of the Party since the 18th National Congress, and there must be one among them, that is, our Party has always maintained the mental state and struggling posture of carrying out great struggles. If there is no such state and posture, not only will problems be difficult to solve, but major events will not be accomplished, let alone historic achievements and historic changes. The "great struggle, great project, great cause and great dream" emphasized by General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, the great struggle ranks first, with profound meaning. In the face of major theoretical and practical problems in the new stage of development, we must never lose the mental state of daring to face up to contradictions and overcome difficulties, and give up the practical actions of daring to do our best and do good deeds. We must not budge in safeguarding the country’s core interests, and we must be more realistic in all the work of reform, development and stability, bite hard bones, wade through deep-water beaches, and get through this critical stage of seizing the pass.
Looking back on the glorious course of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in the past century, almost every strategic breakthrough is closely related to solving major problems as the driving force and resolving major crises as opportunities. In the new stage of development, the domestic development problems we face must be solved in deepening reform and opening up; The external environmental pressure is the best motivation to improve yourself. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, we should correctly understand and grasp the major theoretical and practical problems facing China’s development, seize the promising period of important strategic opportunities, and concentrate on doing our own thing well. The mission is glorious and time waits for no one!
The hour hand of history has pointed to a new scale. The front of development, new glory and glory, is waiting for continuous development and continuous creation! (This article Source: Economic Daily Author: Editorial Department of Economic Daily)