In-depth dialogue, hard-core analysis, interpretation of civil aviation ＂14 th Five-Year Plan＂ plus version is coming!

Han Jun, Director of Development Planning Department of CAAC, Interprets the 14th Five-Year Plan of Civil Aviation.

Recently, the Civil Aviation Development Plan of the 14th Five-Year Plan was officially issued. The reporter of China Civil Aviation News had an in-depth dialogue with Han Jun, Director of the Development Planning Department of the Civil Aviation Administration, and continued to deeply interpret the "14th Five-Year Plan" of civil aviation.

Reporter: Compared with the 13th Five-Year Plan, what are the essential changes in China’s civil aviation?

Han Jun: Generally speaking, compared with the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan, the essential changes of civil aviation development are mainly reflected in three aspects: development stage, situation and tasks, and overall working ideas.

First of all, the development stage has undergone fundamental changes. Since the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", the whole industry has adhered to the overall working idea of "12334" civil aviation in the new era, actively responded to the complex changes in the domestic and international environment and various risk challenges, and made outstanding achievements in the aspects of safety, normality, service and development, and the main expected indicators are in line with expectations. Especially while the scale of the industry has maintained rapid growth, safety and normal flights, the two most concerned indicators of the people, have exceeded expectations. Aviation safety has set the best record, the service quality has been greatly improved, the support ability has been significantly enhanced, the quality and efficiency have been continuously improved, the strategic position has become more prominent, the innovation pattern has been accelerated, the governance ability has been significantly improved, and the ability to serve the people’s good travel needs and support the national strategy has been significantly enhanced, which has better met the needs of economic and social development and achieved a historic leap from a big air transport country to a single air transport country. According to the strategic deployment of "one acceleration and two realization" in the new era, the "14th Five-Year Plan" will be the first five years for China Civil Aviation to start a new journey of building a civil aviation power in various fields. It can be said that as far as the development process is concerned, the "14th Five-Year Plan" means that China’s civil aviation has moved from stage to stage.

Secondly, the situation and tasks faced by civil aviation development have undergone fundamental changes. Comprehensive analysis shows that the main contradiction between the unbalanced development of civil aviation and the people’s growing demand for beautiful aviation has not changed, but both opportunities and challenges have changed.

First, from the external environment, there has been no major change in the past 100 years and the epidemic situation in the century has been superimposed. The complexity and uncertainty of the external environment faced by civil aviation development are unprecedented. The global political, economic, scientific and technological, security and other fields are undergoing profound adjustment, and the COVID-19 epidemic has dealt a great blow to the global civil aviation industry. The external risk challenges faced by civil aviation have increased significantly. Second, from the perspective of national strategy, the state has accelerated the construction of a new development pattern, requiring civil aviation to give better play to its comparative advantages and better provide strategic support for expanding domestic demand, building a trade power, and ensuring the safety and stability of the industrial chain supply chain. Third, from the perspective of market demand, people have higher expectations for the convenience, fairness, diversification and quality of aviation services, requiring us to further enhance our support capabilities, expand the scope of services and improve service quality. Fourth, from the perspective of the industry itself, after the construction of a strong civil aviation country has entered a new stage of development, it requires the industry to transform into high-quality development, and the concept and motivation of development have undergone new essential changes. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the concepts of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing need to be planted in the development of civil aviation, and reform and innovation should be regarded as the fundamental driving force for the development of the industry, so as to accelerate the quality change, efficiency change and power change, and fundamentally solve the problems of insufficient capacity, insufficient vitality, weak ability and low efficiency in the development of the industry.

Third, there have been new changes in the overall working ideas. During the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the civil aviation industry has new stage characteristics. The Party Group of CAAC adjusted the overall working idea of "12334" during the 13th Five-Year Plan period and formed the overall working idea of "12334" during the 14th Five-Year Plan period: we should firmly adhere to the concept of "development for the people", continuously promote the coordinated development of transport aviation and general aviation, and always adhere to the three bottom lines of "flight safety, clean government safety and sincere service". It is necessary to build and improve the three systems of "a modern national comprehensive airport system with complete systems, a convenient and efficient air transport network system and a safe and reliable production and operation guarantee system", and strive to expand four new situations of "a new pattern of coordinated development of civil aviation industry, a new breakthrough in the construction of smart civil aviation, a new improvement in resource guarantee capacity and new achievements in industry governance system and governance capacity".

Generally speaking, the "14th Five-Year Plan" is the beginning of a new development stage for the goal of building a multi-field civil aviation power in 2035, and the "14th Five-Year Plan" is also a plan to start a new era of civil aviation development.

Reporter: What do you think is the most striking feature of our planning this time, which is summarized by several key words?

Han Jun: As I said just now, the 14th Five-Year Plan is the first five-year plan for the new journey of building a strong civil aviation country. It has outstanding historical inheritance and distinctive characteristics of the times, and can be interpreted from the words "change, strength and innovation".

The first one is "turn". According to the strategic process of building a strong civil aviation country in the new era, the "14th Five-Year Plan" is a key development transition period for China’s civil aviation development, and we will move forward to build a strong civil aviation country in many fields on the basis of basically building an air transportation country. The "transition to advanced stage" in these five years means that we should break through the existing historical development inertia, accelerate the transformation of development mode, form a new dynamic mechanism and cultivate a new industrial model to fully meet the requirements of high-quality development of civil aviation in the new development stage. Specifically, the development of civil aviation should accelerate the shift from pursuing speed and scale to paying more attention to quality and efficiency, from traditional factor-driven to paying more attention to innovation-driven, and from focusing on operational services to paying more attention to industrial coordinated development. This is also the requirement of "four new situations" in the overall working thinking.

The second is "strong" Building a multi-field civil aviation power is not only the objective need to better serve the national development strategy and meet the people’s needs for a better life, but also the dream of our civil aviation people to strive for a strong country. The requirement of "strength" runs through the 14 th Five-Year Plan, closely revolves around the eight characteristics of building a strong civil aviation country, and systematically arranges all key tasks in accordance with the work requirements of being comprehensive, striving for progress in stability and combining far and near.

The third is "new". Planning research always adheres to integrity and innovation. In terms of overall working ideas, the "one idea, two wings and three bottom lines" of the overall working ideas of the 13th Five-Year Plan are maintained, but the contents of three systems and four new situations are added, which is more systematic and forward-looking. In the principle of development, the requirements of innovation drive, system concept and green humanity have been added. In terms of planning content, on the basis of strengthening the construction of safety, support and service capabilities, we have also added and strengthened new civil aviation infrastructure, green development, regional development, scientific and technological innovation and other related contents. In terms of planning style, the "14th Five-Year Plan" adopted the chapter style for the first time, with professional lines as the main layout, more prominent goal orientation in task arrangement, and significantly improved the planning carrying capacity.

Reporter: Civil aviation is an important strategic industry of the country. What are the objectives and tasks of the 14 th Five-Year Plan in serving the country?

Han Jun: Generally speaking, the "14th Five-Year Plan" has defined the planning framework of "666", that is, striving to achieve the "six new" development goals, building six major systems and implementing six major projects.

About the "six new" development goals. "Planning" adheres to the combination of problem orientation and goal orientation, focusing on the problems of insufficient capacity, insufficient vitality, weak ability and low efficiency in the development of the industry; At the same time, it focuses on the strategic arrangement of "one acceleration and two realization" in building a strong civil aviation country in the new era. The plan comprehensively considers the development situation and requirements of the industry, and puts forward "six new" development goals from a qualitative point of view, that is, the aviation safety level has reached a new level, the comprehensive support capability has been upgraded, the aviation service capability has reached a new level, innovation-driven development has made new breakthroughs, the construction of green civil aviation has taken on a new look, and the industry governance capability has achieved new results.

On the basis of qualitative six development goals, planning and coordinating the development quantity and quality of the industry, and combining stability and innovation, 22 index goals are put forward from six aspects: industry scale, support capacity, safety level, convenience and efficiency, innovative wisdom and green development. Among them, industry scale and support capacity focus on quantitative indicators, and safety level, convenience and efficiency, innovative wisdom and green development focus on quality indicators to highlight the requirements of high-quality development.

About the six systems. With the increasing scale of the industry, the connotation and extension of the industry continue to expand. In order to adapt to these new development situations and characteristics, it is necessary to start from the system concept and highlight the systematicness and integrity of industry operation and management. There will be a lot of systematic work to be done to promote the construction of a strong civil aviation country in many fields during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period. For example, building a first-class security system, building a first-class infrastructure system, developing a first-class aviation service system, improving an eco-friendly green development system, building a solid and powerful strategic support system, and building a modern civil aviation governance system all need to comprehensively promote the coordination of all aspects and links in all fields from the perspective of integration and linkage.

About six major projects. In the planning text, we set up 11 columns, which not only expounded the development indicators and the key construction projects promoted during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, but also listed the six key projects that need to be promoted during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. This is the most operational and important measure in the planning text, and it is also an important starting point to promote the planning implementation. Focusing on the main objectives and key tasks, the plan adheres to the result orientation, focusing on the blocking points, pain points and difficulties in the development of the industry. Focusing on the areas with strong pertinence, wide overall driving range and the most direct feelings of passengers, six key projects have been set up, including capacity tapping and upgrading project, air transportation convenience project, civil aviation green low-carbon project, scientific and technological innovation leading project, talent strengthening project and industrial synergy demonstration project. These six major projects are not only "project list" but also "policy package", which is also a major innovation in the preparation of the 13 th Five-Year Plan.

Reporter: Improving aviation service capability is the fundamental requirement of civil aviation development. In this plan, the construction of passenger transport network, logistics network and general aviation network will be more clearly deployed. Please give us a brief introduction. What is the significance of this for serving the country’s economic and social development?

Han Jun: Air transportation network is an important part of the national comprehensive three-dimensional transportation network, and providing high-quality transportation services is the basic mission of civil aviation as a mode of transportation. Facing the national development strategy and people’s travel needs, during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, we proposed to take network construction as the starting point to comprehensively promote the high-quality development of aviation services. Therefore, in the Plan, aviation services are deployed in a special article, and at the same time, the "Special Plan for Air Transport Network in the Tenth Five-Year Plan" is specially set up, and the layout scheme and key construction tasks of civil aviation routes are deployed as a whole.

Taking serving the national strategy, people’s travel and economic and social development as the starting point and the end result, the "Special Plan for Route Network" speeds up the construction and improvement of three major systems of domestic air transport network, international air transport channel and aviation hub functions, and focuses on implementing five major projects, including "dry-branch communication, full network connection", basic aviation services, "Silk Road in the air", improvement of international air cargo capacity and strengthening of international aviation hub. Accelerate the construction of a domestic air transport network and an international air transport channel system with leading scale, wide coverage, smooth access, convenience, high efficiency and strong guarantee, create a hub pattern with clear functions and reasonable structure, and provide strong support for the construction of a strong civil aviation country in the new era.

Specifically: First, optimize the domestic air transport network system. Combined with the national comprehensive airport system, the domestic passenger transport network is divided into backbone network and basic network. Considering the development needs of the domestic aviation market after the epidemic, according to the guidance of expanding the backbone network, revitalizing the basic network and improving the efficiency and innovation of the freight network, this paper puts forward the development ideas of building three domestic networks and promoting two major projects, namely, building a strong backbone network, building a balanced basic network and optimizing the domestic air freight network, and fully promoting the two major projects of "connecting the dry branches with the whole network" and continuing to implement basic aviation services.

The second is to smooth the international air transport channel system. Closely implement the "Belt and Road Initiative" and form a safe and efficient channel pattern that is compatible with the opening up pattern. Guided by "peripheral integration, corridors and smooth passages", it is proposed to build "one circle, six corridors and five passages". Focus on building the "Silk Road in the Air" and enhancing the international air cargo capacity.

The third is to improve the functional system of aviation hub. Improve the functional system of aviation hub according to the three levels of international aviation hub, international air cargo hub and regional aviation hub, and clarify the functions of international aviation hub to enhance intercontinental connection, international transit and radiation area; International freight hub focuses on improving the function of comprehensive international air freight hub, and laying out and building specialized freight hubs such as Ezhou; Regional aviation hubs will focus on enhancing the radiation-driven role of regional airports, and promote the construction of an air transport service network with "all-in-one, all-in-one". According to the above key tasks, the key projects of international aviation hub are put forward.

Reporter: For passengers, what kind of picture does the 14th Five-Year Plan paint for future air travel? What are the key points that our passengers should pay attention to?

Han Jun: A major feature of the civil aviation development plan in the 14th Five-Year Plan is that the plan highlights two major points of civil aviation work during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, that is, two lines that the industry must adhere to, one is the bottom line of safe development, and the other is the main line of smart civil aviation construction. An important scene of smart civil aviation construction is smart travel. The 14th Five-Year Plan proposes to speed up the construction of a more convenient, comfortable and intelligent high-quality passenger travel service system, effectively enhance the sense of acquisition and happiness of "everyone enjoys his trip", and consolidate and enhance passengers’ satisfaction with China civil aviation. The essence is to promote the digital, intelligent and intelligent transformation of the industry in an all-round way, on the one hand, continuously improve the operational efficiency of the civil aviation system, on the other hand, strive to improve the convenience and comfort of passengers’ air travel.

For example, the index system of the 14th Five-Year Plan includes not only the traditional normal flight rate index, but also the rail transit access rate of hub airports, the electronic tracking level of the whole baggage process, the near-seat bridge rate of airports above 10 million, the paperless level of the whole passenger process of airports above 10 million, and so on. These indicators are set around a goal, that is, to make passengers walk conveniently and comfortably, and truly implement the requirement of "everyone enjoys his trip". This is also the proper meaning of the high-quality development of the civil aviation industry.

Reporter: Just now, we mentioned some smart travel prospects of passengers in the future. The "14th Five-Year Plan" takes the construction of smart civil aviation as the main line. How does this main line run through?

Han Jun: As for smart civil aviation, we see it this way. The construction of smart civil aviation is the concentrated expression of deepening the supply-side structural reform in the civil aviation industry. It is an important driving force and main direction for China civil aviation to implement the innovation-driven development strategy in the new development stage, cultivate and expand new space for the development of the industry, and improve the quality of the safe development of the industry. It is the only way to realize the construction of a multi-field civil aviation power. According to the requirements of the Party Group of the Civil Aviation Administration, we will run the "Main Line of Smart Civil Aviation Construction" through the "14th Five-Year Plan", promote the digital transformation of the industry, drive the intelligent application of the industry and realize the intelligent integration of the industry through civil aviation scientific and technological innovation and new infrastructure construction. The overall deployment of smart civil aviation construction has determined the "Five Ones" goal of "one face for travel, one sheet for logistics, one inspection for customs clearance, one network for operation and one platform for supervision". The development mode of industry infrastructure will be fundamentally changed, and traditional and new infrastructure will be deeply integrated, and the level of systematization, synergy, intelligence and greening will be significantly improved.

The "14th Five-Year Plan" civil aviation development plan highlights the role of smart civil aviation. The guiding ideology clearly puts forward that "we should adhere to the main line of smart civil aviation construction, accelerate the shift from pursuing speed and scale to paying more attention to quality and efficiency, from traditional factor-driven to paying more attention to innovation-driven, and from operation service-oriented to paying more attention to industrial coordinated development". Adhering to innovation-driven has become an important principle of planning. Strengthen the core position of innovation in the overall development of civil aviation, face major needs, technical bottlenecks and scientific and technological frontiers, and accelerate digital transformation. According to the development goal of the plan, during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the digitalization level of civil aviation was significantly improved, the scientific and technological innovation system was basically formed, and the kinetic energy of civil aviation development was obviously transformed. Planning strengthens the connotation of high-quality development, and increases the goals of convenience, efficiency, innovative wisdom and green development in the index design, many of which involve the effectiveness of smart civil aviation construction. For example, it reflects the paperless level of passengers and the tracking service level of luggage in the whole process of smart travel, the electronization rate of freight documents in smart logistics, and the near-seat bridge rate of airports above 10 million in smart operation. In addition, the proportion of R&D investment of major enterprises in the industry is also included in the planning as an indicator reflecting innovation wisdom.

Reporter: Since last year, the central government has put forward the strategy of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality, and the construction of ecological civilization has gone deeper. About green development, how is it reflected in the "14th Five-Year Plan" of civil aviation?

Han Jun: Civil aviation has thoroughly implemented the requirements of the central authorities. In the 14th Five-Year Plan, peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality were included in the overall layout of civil aviation development, which was highly valued and fully reflected. From the connotation point of view, this plan focuses on the green development of the industry, promotes the coordinated management of energy saving, pollution reduction and carbon reduction, and promotes the comprehensive green transformation of civil aviation development, with a more complete system and richer content.

Among the basic principles, the planning includes the requirement of adhering to green humanity. It is clearly required that the whole industry should accelerate the formation of a green and low-carbon circular development model of civil aviation in all fields, subjects and elements in accordance with the overall requirements of the country’s "double carbon". On the main goal, the plan requires the construction of green civil aviation to take on a new look. It is required that green development policies, standards and evaluation systems be improved, energy utilization efficiency and structure be continuously improved and optimized, climate change be actively dealt with, and comprehensive environmental pollution control capacity be continuously improved. The plan specifically proposes to improve the eco-friendly green development system, and makes arrangements for improving the industry green governance system, promoting resource conservation and intensive utilization, and striving to slow down the environmental impact of civil aviation. Considering the requirements of national double carbon work, green development is a key work of the industry during the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, and the civil aviation green low-carbon project is planned and put forward. Focusing on strengthening the ability of scientific and technological innovation and optimizing and perfecting the green development policy, we will accelerate the construction of carbon market mechanism, green standards, key technology research and green benchmarking, support the national "double carbon" goal, and promote the green development of civil aviation to make substantial progress.

Reporter: Finally, I would like to ask Director Han, how can we ensure the implementation of the plan after it is promulgated?

Han Jun: As the saying goes, "One point for deployment, nine points for implementation". It is difficult to compile a high-quality plan, and it is even more difficult to ensure that the plan is fully implemented and effective. In order to give full play to the strategic leading role of civil aviation planning, in accordance with the relevant requirements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the Civil Aviation Administration specially formulated and issued the "Implementation Opinions of Civil Aviation Administration on Unifying Civil Aviation Planning System to Further Improve the Quality of Planning Work" during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, and put forward specific opinions on establishing and improving the civil aviation planning work system, strengthening planning convergence and coordination, and improving the planning implementation mechanism.

In accordance with the relevant requirements of the implementation opinions, this planning work will focus on strengthening the construction of the planning implementation mechanism, formulating the division of planning tasks and the annual work plan, and ensuring the effective implementation of the planning. First, change the general division of labor in the past planning, focus on the key points of planning, and strengthen the traction of major development indicators and major projects on the implementation of planning; The second is to change the once-planning evaluation mode in the past, build an annual planning follow-up evaluation mechanism, and enhance the level of planning implementation progress tracking and dynamic management.

Finally, we should strengthen the publicity of the plan, create a good social atmosphere for its implementation, and welcome all sectors of society to strengthen supervision over its implementation. (China Civil Aviation News reporter Zhao Dan)

Original title: "In-depth dialogue hardcore analysis of civil aviation" 14 th Five-Year Plan "Interpretation plus version is coming! 》